THE HOUSE OF COMMONS
		CONSTITUENCIES BEGINNING WITH "R"
		Last updated 30/11/2012
Date		Name	Born	Died	Age
		Dates in italics in the first column denote that the election held on that
		date was a by-election. Dates shown in normal type were general elections,
		or, in some instances, the date of a successful petition against a
		previous election result.
		Dates in italics in the "Born" column indicate that the MP was baptised on
		that date; dates in italics in the "Died" column indicate that the MP was
		buried on that date
		ROCHESTER (KENT)
12 Apr 1660		Peter Pett	6 Aug 1610	c 1672
		John Marsham,later [1663] 1st baronet	23 Aug 1602	25 May 1685	82
21 Mar 1661		Sir Francis Clerke  (to Feb 1679)	c 1624	25 Feb 1686
		Sir William Batten	c 1601	5 Oct 1667
2 Nov 1667		Richard Head,later [1676] 1st baronet	c 1609	18 Sep 1689
		(to Aug 1679)
19 Feb 1679		Sir John Banks,1st baronet  (to 1690)	19 Aug 1627	19 Oct 1699	72
16 Aug 1679		Francis Barrell	c 1627	10 Sep 1679
3 Feb 1681		Sir Francis Clerke	c 1624	25 Feb 1686
8 Jan 1689		Sir Roger Twisden,2nd baronet	12 Oct 1640	28 Feb 1703	62
18 Mar 1690		Sir Joseph Williamson  (to 1701)	25 Jul 1633	3 Oct 1701	68
		Francis Clerke	c 1665	by Sep 1691
27 Oct 1691		Caleb Banks	18 Sep 1659	13 Sep 1696	36
23 Oct 1695		Sir Cloudesley Shovell	25 Nov 1650	22 Oct 1707	56
		For further information on this MP,see the note at
		the foot of this page
24 Nov 1701		Francis Barrell	26 Jan 1663	11 Jun 1724	61
		William Bokenham		10 Nov 1702
16 Jul 1702		Edward Knatchbull,later [c 1712] 4th
		baronet	c 1674	3 Apr 1730
		William Cage	28 Mar 1666	21 Jan 1738	71
8 May 1705		Sir Cloudesley Shovell	25 Nov 1650	22 Oct 1707	56
		Sir Stafford Fairborne  (to 1710)	1666	11 Nov 1742	76
3 Jan 1708		Sir John Leake  (to 1715)	4 Jul 1656	21 Aug 1720	64
7 Oct 1710		William Cage	28 Mar 1666	21 Jan 1738	71
22 Jan 1715		Sir Thomas Palmer,4th baronet	5 Jul 1682	8 Nov 1723	41
		Sir John Jennings  (to 1734)	1664	23 Dec 1743	79
16 Jan 1724		Sir Thomas Colby,1st baronet	c 1670	23 Sep 1729
16 Aug 1727		David Polhill  (to 1741)	22 Apr 1674	15 Jan 1754	79
25 Apr 1734		Nicholas Haddock  (to 1746)	1686	26 Sep 1746	60
6 May 1741		Edward Vernon   [he was also returned for	12 Nov 1684	30 Oct 1757	72
		Ipswich,for which he chose to sit]
22 Feb 1743		David Polhill   (to Jan 1754)	1674	15 Jan 1754	79
24 Nov 1746		Sir Chaloner Ogle	c 1680	11 Apr 1750
23 Jan 1751		John Byng  (to 1757)	29 Oct 1704	14 Mar 1757	52
		For further information on this MP, see the
		note at the foot of this page.
26 Jan 1754		Nicholas Haddock   (to 1761)	1723	19 Jul 1781	58
28 Mar 1757		Isaac Townsend  (to 1765)	c 1685	21 Nov 1765
25 Mar 1761		Thomas Parker,styled Viscount Parker,later
		[1764] 3rd Earl of Macclesfield	12 Oct 1723	9 Feb 1795	71
23 Mar 1764		Sir Charles Hardy  (to 1768)	c 1714	19 May 1780
23 Dec 1765		Grey Cooper	c 1726	30 Jul 1801
16 Mar 1768		John Calcraft  (to 1772)	4 Sep 1726	23 Aug 1772	45
		William Gordon	c 1735	29 Mar 1776
9 Mar 1771		Thomas Pye  (to 1774)	c 1713	26 Dec 1785
18 Sep 1772		George Finch-Hatton  (to 1784)	30 Jun 1747	17 Feb 1823	75
7 Oct 1774		Robert Gregory	c 1729	1 Sep 1810
1 Apr 1784		Sir Charles Middleton	14 Oct 1726	17 Jun 1813	86
		Nathaniel Smith	1730	6 May 1794	63
19 Jun 1790		George Best  (to 1796)	10 Nov 1759	8 Sep 1818	58
		Sir Richard Bickerton,1st baronet	23 Jun 1727	25 Feb 1792	64
7 Mar 1792		Nathaniel Smith	1730	6 May 1794	63
12 May 1794		Sir Richard King,1st baronet  (to 1802)	10 Aug 1730	27 Nov 1806	76
27 May 1796		Henry Tufton,later [1832] 11th Earl of Thanet	2 Jan 1775	12 Jun 1849	74
5 Jul 1802		Sir William Sidney Smith	21 Jun 1764	26 May 1840	75
		James Hulkes	1770	29 Jan 1821	50
8 Nov 1806		John Calcraft  (to 1818)	16 Oct 1765	11 Sep 1831	65
		For further information on the death of this
		MP, see the note at the foot of the page
		containing details of the members for Wareham
		James Barnett	c 1760	1 Oct 1836
8 May 1807		Sir Thomas Boulden Thompson  (to 1816)	28 Feb 1766	3 Mar 1828	62
27 Jun 1816		James Barnett  (to 1820)	c 1760	1 Oct 1836
		[His election was declared void 26 Feb 1817.
		At the subsequent by-election held on
		6 Mar 1817,Barnett was again returned]
20 Jun 1818		Thomas Hamilton,styled Lord Binning,later
		[1828] 9th Earl of Haddington  (to 1826)	21 Jun 1780	1 Dec 1858	78
6 Mar 1820		Ralph Bernal  (to 1841)	2 Oct 1783	26 Aug 1854	70
17 Jun 1826		Henry Dundas,later [1851] 3rd Viscount Melville	25 Feb 1801	1 Feb 1876	74
4 Aug 1830		George Augustus Frederick Child-Villiers,
		styled Viscount Villiers,later [1859] 6th
		Earl of Jersey	4 Apr 1808	24 Oct 1859	51
30 Apr 1831		John Mills	11 Aug 1779	28 Feb 1871	91
10 Jan 1835		Thomas Twisden Hodges		12 Mar 1865
26 Jul 1837		Thomas Benjamin Hobhouse	19 Jun 1807	31 Dec 1876	69
30 Jun 1841		James Douglas Stoddart Douglas
		William Henry Bodkin	1791	26 Mar 1874	82
31 Jul 1847		Ralph Bernal	2 Oct 1783	26 Aug 1854	69
		Thomas Twisden Hodges		12 Mar 1865
9 Jul 1852		Francis John Robert Villiers	11 Oct 1819	8 May 1862	42
		Sir Thomas Herbert Maddock  (to 1857)	1792	15 Jan 1870	77
8 Feb 1856		Philip Wykeham Martin  (to 1878)	18 Jan 1829	31 May 1878	49
30 Mar 1857		John Alexander Kinglake	1805	9 Jul 1870	65
19 Jul 1870		Julian Goldsmid,later [1878] 3rd baronet	8 Oct 1838	7 Jan 1896	57
		(to 1880)
14 Jun 1878		Arthur John Otway,later [1881] 3rd baronet	8 Aug 1822	8 Jun 1912	89
		(to 1885)
1 Apr 1880		Roger Leigh	1840	29 Feb 1924	83
		REPRESENTATION REDUCED
		TO ONE MEMBER 1885
24 Nov 1885		Francis Charles Hughes-Hallett	1838	1903	65
		For further information on this MP, see the
		note at the foot of this page
16 Apr 1889		Edward Knatchbull-Hugessen,later [1893] 2nd
		Baron Brabourne	5 Apr 1857	29 Dec 1909	52
Jul 1892		Horatio David Davies  [kt 1898]   [he was	1842	18 Sep 1912	70
		unseated on petition 10 Dec 1892]
8 Feb 1893		James Edward Hubert Gascoyne-Cecil,styled
		Viscount Cranborne,later [1903] 4th Marquess
		of Salisbury	23 Oct 1861	4 Apr 1947	85
23 Sep 1903		Charles Tuff	1855	27 Jan 1929	73
15 Jan 1906		Ernest Henry Lamb [kt 1914],later [1931] 1st
		Baron Rochester	4 Sep 1876	13 Jan 1955	78
15 Jan 1910		Samuel Forde Ridley	1864	17 Nov 1944	80
Dec 1910		Ernest Henry Lamb [kt 1914],later [1931] 1st
		Baron Rochester	4 Sep 1876	13 Jan 1955	78
		SPLIT INTO 2 DIVISIONS 1918
		SEE "CHATHAM" AND "GILLINGHAM"
		ROCHESTER & CHATHAM
23 Feb 1950		Arthur George Bottomley,later [1984]
		Baron Bottomley [L]	7 Feb 1907	3 Nov 1995	88
8 Oct 1959		Julian Michael Gordon Critchley  [kt 1995]	8 Dec 1930	9 Sep 2000	69
15 Oct 1964		Anne Patricia Kerr	24 Mar 1925	29 Jul 1973	48
18 Jun 1970		Peggy Edith Fenner  [Dame 1986]	22 Nov 1922
10 Oct 1974		Robert Ernest Bean	5 Sep 1935	7 Dec 1987	52
3 May 1979		Peggy Edith Fenner  [Dame 1986]	22 Nov 1922
		CONSTITUENCY ABOLISHED 1983
		ROCHESTER & STROOD
6 May 2010		Mark John Reckless	6 Dec 1970
		ROCHFORD (ESSEX)
9 Jun 1983		Michael Clark	8 Aug 1935
		NAME ALTERED TO "ROCHFORD AND
		SOUTHEND EAST" 1997
		ROCHFORD AND SOUTHEND EAST  (ESSEX)
1 May 1997		Sir Edward Macmillan Taylor	18 Apr 1937
5 May 2005		James Philip Duddridge	26 Aug 1971
		ROMFORD (ESSEX)
4 Dec 1885		John Westlake	4 Feb 1828	14 Apr 1913	85
10 Jul 1886		James Theobald	1829	10 Mar 1894	64
		For further information on the death of this
		MP,see the note at the foot of this page
2 Apr 1894		Alfred Money Wigram	1856	13 Oct 1899	43
1 Feb 1897		Louis Sinclair	1861	4 Jan 1928	66
20 Jan 1906		John Henry Bethell,later [1911] 1st baronet
		and [1922] 1st Baron Bethell	23 Sep 1861	27 May 1945	83
14 Dec 1918		Albert Edward Martin	1875	25 Jul 1936	61
6 Dec 1923		Charles Arthur Uryan Rhys,later [1956] 8th
		Baron Dynevor	21 Sep 1899	15 Dec 1962	63
30 May 1929		Henry Thomas Benjamin Muggeridge	26 Jun 1864	25 Mar 1942	77
27 Oct 1931		William Gordon Douglas Hurchison	26 Sep 1904	18 Jul 1975	70
14 Nov 1935		Herbert John Harvey Parker	15 Jul 1906	24 Nov 1987	81
26 Jul 1945		Thomas Macpherson,later [1951] 1st Baron
		Macpherson of Drumochter	9 Jul 1888	11 Jun 1965	76
23 Feb 1950		John Cutts Lockwood	Dec 1890	18 Jan 1983	92
26 May 1955		Ronald Joseph Ledger	7 Nov 1920	11 Dec 2004	84
18 Jun 1970		Richard Lawrence Leonard	12 Dec 1930
28 Feb 1974		Michael John Neubert  [kt 1990]	3 Sep 1933
1 May 1997		Eileen Gordon	22 Oct 1946
7 Jun 2001		Andrew Richard Rosindell	17 Mar 1966
		ROMSEY (HAMPSHIRE)
1 May 1997		Michael Keith Beale Colvin	27 Sep 1932	24 Feb 2000	67
		For further information on the death of this MP,
		see the note at the foot of this page
4 May 2000		Sandra Julia Gidley	26 Mar 1957
		CONSTITUENCY ABOLISHED 2010
		ROMSEY & SOUTHAMPTON NORTH (HAMPSHIRE)
6 May 2010		Caroline Fiona Ellen Nokes	26 Jun 1972
		ROMSEY & WATERSIDE (HAMPSHIRE)
9 Jun 1983		Michael Keith Beale Colvin	27 Sep 1932	24 Feb 2000	67
		NAME ALTERED TO "ROMSEY" 1997
		ROSCOMMON
1801		Arthur French  (to 1821)	6 Apr 1765	24 Nov 1820	55
		Thomas Mahon,later [1810] 2nd Baron
		Hartland [I]	2 Aug 1766	8 Dec 1835	69
22 Jul 1802		Edward King	9 Jun 1774	Nov 1807	33
17 Nov 1806		Stephen Mahon  (to 1826)	6 Feb 1768	27 May 1828	60
16 Jan 1821		Arthur French,later [1839] 1st Baron de Freyne	c May 1788	29 Sep 1856	68
		(to 1832)
19 Jun 1826		Robert King,later [1869] 6th Earl of Kingston	17 Jul 1804	16 Oct 1869	65
9 Aug 1830		Owen O'Conor	6 Mar 1763	12 Jun 1831	68
25 Jul 1831		Denis O'Conor  (to 1847)	May 1794	15 Jul 1847	53
7 Dec 1832		Fitzstephen French  (to 1873)	7 Dec 1801	4 Jun 1873	71
9 Aug 1847		Oliver Dowell John Grace	1791	25 Jan 1871	79
16 May 1859		Thomas William Goff   [his election was	c 1829	3 Jun 1876
		declared void 5 Mar 1860]
26 Mar 1860		Charles Owen O'Conor  (to 1880)	7 May 1838	30 Jun 1906	68
24 Jun 1873		Charles French	21 Oct 1851	27 Oct 1925	74
8 Apr 1880		Andrew Commins	1832	7 Jan 1916	83
		James Joseph O'Kelly	1845	22 Dec 1916	71
		COUNTY SPLIT INTO NORTH
		& SOUTH DIVISIONS 1885
		ROSCOMMON NORTH
Dec 1885		James Joseph O'Kelly	1845	22 Dec 1916	71
Jul 1892		Matthias McDonnell Bodkin	8 Oct 1850	7 Jun 1933	82
25 Jul 1895		James Joseph O'Kelly	1845	22 Dec 1916	71
3 Feb 1917		George Noble Plunkett	3 Dec 1851	12 Mar 1948	96
		For further information on this MP,see the
		note at the foot of this page
		CONSTITUENCY ABOLISHED 1922
		ROSCOMMON SOUTH
5 Dec 1885		Andrew Commins	1832	7 Jan 1916	83
Jul 1892		Luke Patrick Hayden	1850	23 Jun 1897	46
15 Jul 1897		John Patrick Hayden	25 Apr 1863	3 Jul 1954	91
14 Dec 1918		Henry James [Harry] Boland	27 Apr 1887	1 Aug 1922	35
		CONSTITUENCY ABOLISHED 1922
		ROSS (HEREFORDSHIRE)
28 Nov 1885		Michael Biddulph,later [1903] 1st Baron Biddulph	17 Feb 1834	6 Apr 1923	89
2 Oct 1900		Percy Archer Clive	1873	5 Apr 1918	44
22 Jan 1906		Alan Coulstoun Gardner	1846	25 Dec 1907	61
28 Jan 1908		Percy Archer Clive	1873	5 Apr 1918	44
4 May 1918		Charles Thornton Pulley  [kt 1922]	24 Jul 1864	5 Apr 1947	82
		CONSTITUENCY ABOLISHED 1918
		ROSS-SHIRE
26 Jun 1708		Hugh Rose  [he was also returned for Nairnshire	1684	May 1755	70
		at the general election in 1708 and appears to
		have been permitted to sit for both seats
		until his election for Ross-shire was declared
		void on 28 Jan 1710]
3 Mar 1710		Charles Rosse	8 Feb 1667	5 Aug 1732	65
28 Apr 1722		Alexander Urquhart		1727
13 Sep 1727		Charles Rosse	8 Feb 1667	5 Aug 1732	65
15 Feb 1733		John Munro	c 1712	1749
30 May 1734		Hugh Rose	1684	May 1755	70
22 May 1741		Charles Ross	9 Feb 1721	30 Apr 1745	24
11 Dec 1746		Sir Harry Munro,7th baronet	c 1720	12 Jun 1781
27 Jul 1747		Kenneth Mackenzie,styled Lord Fortrose	Nov 1717	18 Oct 1761	43
5 May 1761		James Stuart-Mackenzie	c 1719	6 Apr 1800
12 Oct 1780		John Mackenzie	1727	2 Apr 1789	61
22 Apr 1784		Francis Humberston Mackenzie,later [1797]
		1st Baron Seaforth	9 Jun 1754	11 Jan 1815	60
16 Jul 1790		William Adam	2 Aug 1751	17 Feb 1839	87
1 May 1794		Francis Humberston Mackenzie,later [1797]
		1st Baron Seaforth	9 Jun 1754	11 Jan 1815	60
22 Jun 1796		Sir Charles Lockhart-Ross,7th baronet	15 Aug 1763	8 Feb 1814	50
1 Dec 1806		Alexander Mackenzie Fraser	c 1758	13 Sep 1809
28 Nov 1809		Hugh Innes,later [1819] 1st baronet	c 1764	16 Aug 1831
3 Nov 1812		William Frederick Mackenzie	21 Jul 1791	25 Aug 1814	23
25 Oct 1814		Charles Mackenzie Fraser	9 Jun 1792	7 Mar 1871	78
7 Jul 1818		Thomas Mackenzie	28 May 1789	19 Oct 1822	33
20 Dec 1822		Sir James Wemyss Mackenzie,5th baronet	10 Jun 1770	8 Mar 1843	72
25 May 1831		James Alexander Stewart-Mackenzie	23 Sep 1784	24 Sep 1843	59
		NAME ALTERED TO " ROSS
		& CROMARTYSHIRE" 1832
		ROSS & CROMARTY
31 Dec 1832		James Alexander Stewart-Mackenzie	23 Sep 1784	24 Sep 1843	59
18 Apr 1837		Thomas Mackenzie	1793	9 Jun 1856	62
10 Aug 1847		James Matheson,later [1850] 1st baronet	17 Oct 1796	31 Dec 1878	82
21 Nov 1868		Alexander Matheson,later [1882] 1st baronet	16 Jan 1805	26 Jul 1886	81
20 Aug 1884		Ronald Crauford Munro-Ferguson [kt 1914],later
		[1920] 1st Viscount Novar	6 Mar 1860	30 Mar 1934	74
2 Dec 1885		Roderick Macdonald	1840	9 Mar 1894	53
Jul 1892		James Galloway Weir	1839	18 Apr 1911	71
14 Jun 1911		James Ian Macpherson,later [1933] 1st
		baronet and [1936] 1st Baron Strathcarron	14 May 1880	14 Aug 1937	57
10 Feb 1936		Malcolm John Macdonald	17 Aug 1901	11 Jan 1981	79
26 Jul 1945		John MacLeod  [kt 1963]	23 Feb 1913	3 Jun 1984	71
15 Oct 1964		Alasdair Roderick Mackenzie	3 Aug 1903	8 Nov 1970	67
18 Jun 1970		James Hector Northey Gray,later [1983]
		Baron Gray of Contin [L]	28 Jun 1927	14 Mar 2006	78
		NAME ALTERED TO "ROSS,CROMARTY
		& SKYE" 1983
		ROSS,CROMARTY & SKYE
9 Jun 1983		Charles Peter Kennedy	25 Nov 1959
		NAME ALTERED TO "ROSS,SKYE AND
		INVERNESS WEST" 1997
		ROSS,SKYE AND INVERNESS WEST
1 May 1997		Charles Peter Kennedy	25 Nov 1959
		NAME ALTERED TO "ROSS,SKYE AND
		LOCHABER" 2005
		ROSS,SKYE AND LOCHABER
5 May 2005		Charles Peter Kennedy	25 Nov 1959
		ROSSENDALE (LANCASHIRE)
27 Nov 1885		Spencer Compton Cavendish,styled Marquess of
		Hartington,later [1891] 8th Duke of Devonshire	23 Jul 1833	24 Mar 1908	74
23 Jan 1892		John Henry Maden  [kt 1915]	11 Sep 1862	18 Feb 1920	57
13 Feb 1900		William Mather  [kt 1902]	15 Jul 1838	18 Sep 1920	82
15 Mar 1904		Lewis Venables Vernon Harcourt,
		later [1917] 1st Viscount Harcourt	1 Feb 1863	24 Feb 1922	59
13 Feb 1917		Sir John Henry Maden	11 Sep 1862	18 Feb 1920	57
14 Dec 1918		Robert Waddington  [kt 1937]	13 Dec 1868	25 Jun 1941	72
15 Nov 1922		David Halstead	16 Mar 1861	10 Jul 1937	76
6 Dec 1923		Robert Waddington  [kt 1937]	13 Dec 1868	25 Jun 1941	72
30 May 1929		Arthur Law	4 Jan 1876	30 Jun 1933	57
27 Oct 1931		Ronald Hibbert Cross,later [1941] 1st baronet	9 May 1896	3 Jun 1968	72
26 Jul 1945		George Henry Walker	1874	24 Jan 1954	79
23 Feb 1950		Arthur William James Anthony Greenwood,later
		[1970] Baron Greenwood of Rossendale [L]	14 Sep 1911	12 Apr 1982	70
18 Jun 1970		Ronald William Thomas Bray	5 Jan 1922	22 Apr 1984	62
10 Oct 1974		Michael Alfred Noble	Mar 1935	12 Mar 1983	47
3 May 1979		David Austin Trippier  [kt 1992]	15 May 1946
		NAME ALTERED TO "ROSSENDALE &
		DARWEN" 1983
		ROSSENDALE & DARWEN (LANCASHIRE)
9 Jun 1983		David Austin Trippier  [kt 1992]	15 May 1946
9 Apr 1992		Janet Anderson	6 Dec 1949
6 May 2010		James Jacob Gilchrist Berry	29 Dec 1978
		ROTHERHAM (YORKSHIRE)
2 Dec 1885		Arthur Herbert Dyke-Acland,later [1919]
		13th baronet	13 Oct 1847	9 Oct 1926	78
23 Feb 1899		William Henry Holland [kt 1902],later [1907] 1st
		baronet and [1910] 1st Baron Rotherham	15 Dec 1849	26 Dec 1927	78
1 Mar 1910		Joseph Albert Pease,later [1917] 1st Baron
		Gainford	17 Jan 1860	15 Feb 1943	83
5 Feb 1917		Arthur Richardson	5 Feb 1860	27 Jun 1936	76
14 Dec 1918		Frederic Arthur Kelley  [kt 1923]	6 May 1863	29 May 1926	63
6 Dec 1923		Fred William Lindley	1878
27 Oct 1931		George Herbert	23 Jan 1892	16 Jun 1982	90
27 Feb 1933		William Dobbie	28 Oct 1878	19 Jan 1950	71
23 Feb 1950		John Henry Jones	26 Oct 1894	31 Oct 1962	68
28 Mar 1963		Brian Kevin O'Malley	22 Jan 1930	6 Apr 1976	46
24 Jun 1976		Joseph Stanley Crowther	30 May 1925
9 Apr 1992		James Boyce	6 Sep 1947	25 Jan 1994	46
5 May 1994		Denis MacShane	21 May 1948
29 Nov 2012		Sarah Deborah Champion	10 Jul 1969
		ROTHERHITHE
26 Nov 1885		Charles Edward Hamilton,later [1892] 1st
		baronet	28 May 1845	15 Nov 1928	83
Jul 1892		John Cumming MacDona	1836	4 May 1907	70
17 Jan 1906		Hubert William Culling Carr-Gomm	20 Jan 1877	21 Jan 1939	62
14 Dec 1918		John Rolleston Lort-Williams  [kt 1936]	14 Sep 1881	9 Jun 1966	84
6 Dec 1923		Benjamin Smith  [kt 1945]	29 Jan 1878	5 May 1964	86
27 Oct 1931		Norah Cecil Runge	1884	6 Jun 1978	93
14 Nov 1935		Benjamin Smith	29 Jan 1878	5 May 1964	86
19 Nov 1946		Robert Joseph Mellish,later [1985] Baron
		Mellish [L]	3 Mar 1913	9 May 1998	85
		CONSTITUENCY ABOLISHED 1950
		ROTHER VALLEY (YORKSHIRE)
14 Dec 1918		Thomas Walter Grundy	1864	28 Jan 1942	77
14 Nov 1935		Edward Dunn	21 Dec 1880	8 Apr 1945	64
26 Jul 1945		David Griffiths	22 Mar 1896	13 Jan 1977	80
18 Jun 1970		Peter Hardy,later [1997] Baron Hardy of Wath [L]	16 Jul 1931	16 Dec 2003	72
9 Jun 1983		Kevin John Barron	26 Oct 1946
		ROTHWELL (YORKSHIRE)
14 Dec 1918		William Lunn	1 Nov 1872	17 May 1942	69
7 Aug 1942		Thomas Judson Brooks	7 Jul 1880	15 Feb 1958	77
		CONSTITUENCY ABOLISHED 1950
		ROWLEY REGIS & TIPTON
23 Feb 1950		Arthur Henderson,later [1966] Baron Rowley [L]	27 Aug 1893	28 Aug 1968	75
31 Mar 1966		Peter Kingsley Archer,later [1992] Baron
		Archer of Sandwell [L]	20 Nov 1926	14 Jun 2012	85
		CONSTITUENCY ABOLISHED FEB 1974
		ROXBURGH & BERWICKSHIRE
9 Jun 1983		Archibald Johnstone Kirkwood [kt 2003],later
		[2005] Baron Kirkwood of Kirkhope [L]	22 Apr 1946
		NAME ALTERED TO "BERWICKSHIRE,
		ROXBURGH & SELKIRK" 2005
		ROXBURGH & SELKIRK
14 Dec 1918		Robert Munro,later [1934] 1st Baron Alness	28 May 1868	6 Oct 1955	87
15 Nov 1922		Sir Thomas Henderson	15 Jul 1874	3 May 1951	76
6 Dec 1923		Walter John Montagu-Douglas-Scott,
		styled Earl of Dalkeith,later [1935] 8th Duke of
		Buccleuch and 10th Duke of Queensberry	30 Dec 1894	4 Oct 1973	78
14 Nov 1935		Lord William Walter Montagu-
		Douglas-Scott	17 Jan 1896	30 Jan 1958	62
23 Feb 1950		Archibald James Florence Macdonald	2 May 1904	20 Apr 1983	78
25 Oct 1951		Charles Edward McArthur Donaldson	15 Mar 1903	11 Dec 1964	61
		NAME ALTERED TO "ROXBURGH,SELKIRK
		& PEEBLES" 1955
		ROXBURGH,SELKIRK & PEEBLES
26 May 1955		Charles Edward McArthur Donaldson	15 Mar 1903	11 Dec 1964	61
24 Mar 1965		David Martin Scott Steel [kt 1990],later
		[1997] Baron Steel of Aikwood [L]	31 Mar 1938
		NAME ALTERED TO "ROXBURGH &
		BERWICKSHIRE" 1983
		ROXBURGHSHIRE
28 May 1708		Sir Gilbert Eliott,3rd baronet [of Stobs]	c 1680	27 May 1764
4 Mar 1715		William Douglas	c 1688	Jan 1748
18 Apr 1722		Sir Gilbert Elliot,2nd baronet [of Minto]	c 1693	16 Apr 1766
6 Jul 1726		Sir Gilbert Eliott,3rd baronet [of Stobs]	c 1680	27 May 1764
15 Sep 1727		William Douglas	c 1688	Jan 1748
30 May 1734		John Rutherfurd	12 Jun 1712	8 Jul 1758	46
18 Feb 1742		William Douglas	c 1688	Jan 1748
14 Jul 1747		Walter Scott	31 Dec 1724	25 Jan 1793	68
20 Jun 1765		Sir Gilbert Elliot,3rd baronet [of Minto]	Sep 1722	11 Feb 1777	54
27 Feb 1777		Sir Gilbert Elliot [Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound
		from 1797], 4th baronet, later [1813] 1st
		Earl of Minto	23 Apr 1751	21 Jun 1814	63
15 Apr 1784		George Douglas,later [1787] 2nd baronet	1 Mar 1754	4 Jun 1821	67
21 Nov 1806		John Rutherford	c 1748	6 May 1834
2 Nov 1812		Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound,styled
		Viscount Melgund from 1813,later [1814]
		2nd Earl of Minto	16 Nov 1782	31 Jul 1859	76
25 Jul 1814		Sir Alexander Don,6th baronet	5 May 1780	11 Mar 1826	45
8 May 1826		Henry Francis Hepburne-Scott,later [1841]
		7th Lord Polwarth	1 Jan 1800	16 Aug 1867	67
27 Dec 1832		George Elliot	1 Aug 1784	24 Jun 1863	78
19 Jan 1835		Lord John Douglas-Montagu-Scott	13 Jul 1809	30 Jan 1860	50
7 Aug 1837		John Edmund Elliot	30 Mar 1788	4 Apr 1862	74
12 Jul 1841		Francis Scott	31 Jan 1806	9 Mar 1884	78
7 Aug 1847		John Edmund Elliot	30 Mar 1788	4 Apr 1862	74
4 May 1859		Sir William Scott,6th baronet	26 Jul 1803	12 Oct 1871	68
2 Mar 1870		James Henry Robert Ker,styled Marquess of
		Bowmont,later [1879] 7th Duke of Roxburghe	5 Sep 1839	23 Oct 1892	53
16 Feb 1874		Sir George Henry Scott Douglas,4th baronet	19 Jun 1825	26 Jun 1885	60
10 Apr 1880		Arthur Ralph Douglas Elliot	17 Dec 1846	12 Feb 1923	76
Jul 1892		Mark Francis Napier	21 Jan 1852	19 Aug 1919	67
19 Jul 1895		John Charles Montagu-Douglas-Scott,styled
		Earl of Dalkeith,later [1914] 7th Duke of
		Buccleuch and 9th Duke of Queensberry	30 Mar 1864	19 Oct 1935	71
19 Jan 1906		John Jardine,later [1916] 1st baronet	27 Sep 1844	26 Apr 1919	74
		NAME ALTERED TO "ROXBURGH
		& SELKIRK" 1918
		ROYAL TUNBRIDGE WELLS
28 Feb 1974		Patrick Barnabas Burke Mayhew [kt 1983],later
		[1997] Baron Mayhew of Twysden [L]	11 Sep 1929
		NAME ALTERED TO "TUNBRIDGE
		WELLS" 1983
		ROYTON (LANCASHIRE)
14 Dec 1918		Wilfrid Hart Sugden  [kt 1922]	1889	27 Apr 1960	70
6 Dec 1923		William Gorman  [kt 1950]	15 Oct 1891	21 Dec 1964	73
29 Oct 1924		Arthur Vernon Davies	10 Jun 1872	4 Aug 1942	70
27 Oct 1931		Harold Sutcliffe  [kt 1953]	11 Dec 1897	20 Jan 1958	60
		CONSTITUENCY ABOLISHED 1950
		RUGBY (WARWICKSHIRE)
5 Dec 1885		Henry Peyton Cobb	19 Oct 1835	27 Jan 1910	74
25 Jul 1895		Richard Greville Verney,later [1902] 19th
		Lord Willoughby de Broke	29 Mar 1869	16 Dec 1923	54
11 Oct 1900		Corrie Brighton Grant	14 Nov 1850	Dec 1924	74
21 Jan 1910		John Lawrence Baird,later [1920] 2nd baronet
		and [1938] 1st Viscount Stonehaven	27 Apr 1874	20 Aug 1941	67
15 Nov 1922		David Euan Wallace	20 Apr 1892	9 Feb 1941	48
6 Dec 1923		Alfred Ernest Brown	27 Aug 1881	16 Feb 1962	80
29 Oct 1924		Henry David Reginald Margesson,later
		[1942] 1st Viscount Margesson	26 Jul 1890	24 Dec 1965	75
29 Apr 1942		William John Brown	13 Sep 1894	3 Oct 1960	66
23 Feb 1950		James Johnson	16 Sep 1908	31 Jan 1995	86
8 Oct 1959		Alfred Roy Wise	1901	21 Aug 1974	73
31 Mar 1966		William George Price	15 Jun 1934	6 May 1999	64
3 May 1979		James Francis Pawsey	21 Aug 1933
		NAME ALTERED TO "RUGBY &
		KENILWORTH" 1983 BUT REVERTED TO
		ORIGINAL NAME 2010
6 May 2010		Mark Julian Francis Pawsey	16 Jan 1957
		RUGBY & KENILWORTH (WARWICKSHIRE)
9 Jun 1983		James Francis Pawsey	21 Aug 1933
1 May 1997		Andrew King	14 Sep 1948
5 May 2005		Jeremy Paul Wright	24 Oct 1972
		NAME ALTERED TO "RUGBY" 2010
		RUISLIP-NORTHWOOD
23 Feb 1950		Frederick Petre Crowder	18 Jul 1919	16 Feb 1999	79
3 May 1979		John Arbuthnot Ducane Wilkinson	23 Sep 1940
5 May 2005		Nicholas Richard Hurd	13 May 1962
		NAME ALTERED TO "RUISLIP,NORTHWOOD
		AND PINNER" 2010
		RUISLIP,NORTHWOOD AND PINNER
6 May 2010		Nicholas Richard Hurd	13 May 1962
		RUNCORN
23 Feb 1950		Dennis Forwood Vosper,later [1964] Baron
		Runcorn [I]	2 Jan 1916	20 Jan 1968	52
15 Oct 1964		Mark Carlisle,later [1987] Baron Carlisle
		of Bucklow [L]	7 Jul 1929	14 Jul 2005	76
		CONSTITUENCY ABOLISHED 1983
		RUNNYMEDE AND WEYBRIDGE (SURREY)
1 May 1997		Philip Hammond	4 Dec 1955
		RUSHCLIFFE (NOTTINGHAMSHIRE)
30 Nov 1885		John Edward Ellis	1841	5 Dec 1910	69
Dec 1910		Leifchild Stratten Jones,later [1932] 1st
		Baron Rhayader	16 Jan 1862	26 Sep 1939	77
14 Dec 1918		Sir Henry Bucknall Betterton,later [1929] 1st
		baronet and [1935] 1st Baron Rushcliffe	15 Aug 1872	18 Nov 1949	77
26 Jul 1934		Ralph Assheton,later [1955] 1st Baron Clitheroe	24 Feb 1901	18 Sep 1984	83
26 Jul 1945		Florence Beatrice Paton	1 Jun 1891	12 Oct 1976	85
23 Feb 1950		Martin Redmayne,later [1964] 1st baronet
		and [1966] Baron Redmayne [L]	16 Nov 1910	28 Apr 1983	72
31 Mar 1966		Antony John Gardner	27 Dec 1927	16 Oct 2011	83
18 Jun 1970		Kenneth Harry Clarke	2 Jul 1940
		RUSHOLME (MANCHESTER)
14 Dec 1918		Robert Burdon Stoker	19 Jun 1859	4 Sep 1919	60
7 Oct 1919		John Henry Thorpe	7 Aug 1887	31 Oct 1944	57
6 Dec 1923		Charles Frederick Gurney Masterman	25 Oct 1874	17 Nov 1927	53
29 Oct 1924		Frank Boyd Merriman [kt 1928],later [1941] 1st
		Baron Merriman	28 Apr 1880	18 Jan 1962	81
21 Nov 1933		Edmund Ashworth Radford	Feb 1881	27 May 1944	63
8 Jul 1944		Frederick William Cundiff	17 Nov 1895	7 Aug 1982	86
26 Jul 1945		Hugh Lester Hutchinson	13 Dec 1904	c Feb 1983	78
		CONSTITUENCY ABOLISHED 1950
		RUTHERGLEN (GLASGOW)
14 Dec 1918		Adam Keir Rodger	1855	17 Feb 1946	90
15 Nov 1922		William Wright	1862	9 Apr 1931	68
21 May 1931		David Hardie	c 1860	8 Apr 1939
27 Oct 1931		Herbert James Moss	22 Feb 1883	18 Nov 1956	73
14 Nov 1935		Allan Chapman	1897	7 Jan 1966	68
26 Jul 1945		Gilbert McAllister	26 Mar 1906	27 May 1964	58
25 Oct 1951		Richard Charles Brooman-White	16 Feb 1912	25 Jan 1964	51
14 May 1964		James Gregor Mackenzie	15 Nov 1927	4 May 1992	64
11 Jun 1987		Thomas McLaughlin McAvoy,later [2010]
		Baron McAvoy [L]	14 Dec 1943
		NAME ALTERED TO "RUTHERGLEN
		AND HAMILTON WEST" 2005
		RUTHERGLEN AND HAMILTON WEST
5 May 2005		Thomas McLaughlin McAvoy,later [2010]
		Baron McAvoy [L]	14 Dec 1943
6 May 2010		Thomas James Greatrex	30 Sep 1974
		RUTLAND
29 Mar 1660		Philip Sherard  (to 1685)	17 Nov 1623	4 Mar 1695	71
		Samuel Browne	c 1634	1691
28 Mar 1661		Edward Noel,later [1682] 1st Earl of Gainsborough	27 Jan 1641	8 Apr 1689	48
6 Feb 1679		Sir Thomas Mackworth,3rd baronet	1 May 1624	28 Nov 1694	70
21 Aug 1679		Sir Abel Barker,1st baronet	c 1616	2 Sep 1679
11 Nov 1680		Sir Thomas Mackworth,3rd baronet	1 May 1624	28 Nov 1694	70
3 Feb 1681		Edward Fawkener	c 1628	4 Dec 1691
23 Mar 1685		Baptist Noel	2 Nov 1658	28 Jul 1690	31
		Sir Thomas Mackworth,3rd baronet  (to 1694)	1 May 1624	28 Nov 1694	70
11 Jan 1689		Bennet Sherard  (to 1698)	24 Aug 1649	30 Sep 1701	52
16 Dec 1694		Sir Thomas Mackworth,4th baronet	after 1666	Feb 1745
28 Oct 1695		John Cecil,styled Baron Burghley later [1700]
		6th Earl of Exeter  (to 1701)	15 May 1674	24 Dec 1721	47
10 Aug 1698		Richard Halford  (to 1710)	c 1662	28 Sep 1742
15 Jan 1701		Sir Thomas Mackworth,4th baronet  (to 1708)	after 1666	Feb 1745
12 May 1708		Philip Sherard,later [1732] 2nd Earl of Harborough	c 1680	20 Jul 1750
16 Oct 1710		Daniel Finch,styled Baron Finch,later [1730]
		8th Earl of of Winchilsea and 3rd Earl of
		Nottingham  (to 1730]	24 May 1689	2 Aug 1769	80
		John Noel  [he was unseated on petition in	7 Nov 1659	26 Dec 1718	59
		favour of Richard Halford 23 Jan 1711]
23 Jan 1711		Richard Halford	c 1662	28 Sep 1742
9 Sep 1713		Bennet Sherard,3rd Baron Sherard [I],later	9 Oct 1677	16 Oct 1732	55
		[1719] 1st Earl of Harborough
26 Jan 1715		John Noel	7 Nov 1659	26 Dec 1718	59
21 Jan 1719		John Manners,styled Marquess of Granby,later
		[1721] 3rd Duke of Rutland	21 Oct 1696	29 May 1779	82
5 Apr 1721		Sir Thomas Mackworth,4th baronet	after 1666	Feb 1745
30 Aug 1727		John Noel	15 Dec 1702	6 Jan 1728	25
4 Mar 1728		Thomas Noel  (to 1741)	c 1704	18 Jun 1788
18 Feb 1730		William Burton	c 1695	30 Jan 1781
7 May 1734		James Noel  (to 1752)	22 Jul 1711	17 Jun 1752	40
20 May 1741		John Finch	c 1692	12 Feb 1763
8 Jul 1747		Brownlow Cecil,styled Baron Burghley,later
		[1754] 9th Earl of Exeter  (to 1754)	21 Sep 1725	23 Dec 1793	68
31 Jan 1753		Thomas Noel  (to 1788)	c 1704	18 Jun 1788
18 Dec 1754		George Bridges Brudenell	c 1725	1 Feb 1801
9 Apr 1761		Thomas Chambers Cecil	25 Jun 1728	14 Aug 1778	50
30 Mar 1768		George Bridges Brudenell  (to 1790)	c 1725	1 Feb 1801
15 Jul 1788		Gerard Edwardes (later Noel),later [1813]
		2nd baronet  (to 1808)	17 Jul 1759	25 Feb 1838	78
29 Jun 1790		John Heathcote	c 1727	29 Jul 1795
26 Sep 1795		Philip Sherard,styled Viscount Sherard,later
		[1799] 5th Earl of Harborough	10 Oct 1767	10 Dec 1807	40
6 Jun 1796		Sir William Lowther,later [1807] 1st Earl of
		Lonsdale	29 Dec 1757	19 Mar 1844	86
13 Jul 1802		George Evans,4th Baron Carbery [I]	18 Feb 1766	31 Dec 1804	38
31 Jan 1805		John Henniker-Major,2nd Baron Henniker [I]
		(to 1812)	19 Apr 1752	4 Dec 1821	69
19 May 1808		Charles Noel Noel,later [1823] 3rd Baron
		Barham and [1841] 1st Earl of Gainsborough	2 Oct 1781	10 Jun 1866	84
		(to 1814)
17 Oct 1812		Sir Gilbert Heathcote,4th baronet  (to 1841)	6 Oct 1773	27 Mar 1851	77
9 May 1814		Sir Gerard Noel Noel,2nd baronet	17 Jul 1759	25 Feb 1838	78
13 Mar 1838		William Middleton Noel	2 May 1789	20 Jan 1859	69
28 Jan 1840		Charles George Noel,later [1866] 2nd Earl of
		Gainsborough	5 Sep 1818	13 Aug 1881	62
12 Jul 1841		Gilbert John Heathcote,later [1851] 5th
		baronet and [1856] 1st Baron Aveland  (to 1856)	16 Jan 1795	6 Sep 1867	72
		William Henry Dawnay,later [1847] 7th
		Viscount Downe [I]	15 May 1812	26 Jan 1857	44
14 Feb 1846		George Finch	1794	29 Jun 1870	75
7 Aug 1847		Gerard James Noel  (to 1883)	28 Aug 1823	19 May 1911	87
4 Mar 1856		Gilbert Henry Heathcote,later [1867] 2nd
		Baron Aveland and [1892] 1st Earl of Ancaster	1 Oct 1830	24 Dec 1910	80
23 Nov 1867		George Henry Finch  (to 1907)	20 Feb 1835	22 May 1907	72
1 Sep 1883		James William Lowther,later  [1921] 1st
		Viscount Ullswater	1 Apr 1855	27 Mar 1949	93
		REPRESENTATION REDUCED
		TO ONE MEMBER 1885
11 Jun 1907		John Gretton,later [1944] 1st Baron Gretton	1 Sep 1867	2 Jun 1947	79
		For further information on this MP,see the
		note at the foot of the page containing
		details of members for Derbyshire South
		NAME ALTERED TO "RUTLAND
		& STAMFORD" 1918
		RUTLAND & MELTON
9 Jun 1983		Michael Anthony Latham  [kt 1993]	20 Nov 1942
9 Apr 1992		Alan James Carter Duncan	31 Mar 1957
		RUTLAND & STAMFORD
14 Dec 1918		Claud Heathcote-Drummond-Willoughby	15 Oct 1872	24 Feb 1950	77
15 Nov 1922		Charles Harvey Dixon	1862	22 Sep 1923	61
30 Oct 1923		Neville Woodford Smith-Carington	1878	7 Oct 1933	55
21 Nov 1933		Gilbert James Heathcote-Drummond-
		Willoughby,styled Lord Willoughby de Eresby,
		later [1951] 3rd Earl of Ancaster	8 Dec 1907	29 Mar 1983	75
23 Feb 1950		Roger John Edward Conant,later [1954] 1st
		baronet	28 May 1899	30 Mar 1973	73
8 Oct 1959		Kenneth Lewis  [kt 1983]	1 Jul 1916	2 Jul 1997	81
		NAME ALTERED TO "RUTLAND
		& MELTON" 1983
		RYE
1 Apr 1660		Herbert Morley  (to 1667)	2 Apr 1616	29 Sep 1667	51
		William Hay	Dec 1594	26 Dec 1664	70
6 May 1661		Richard Spencer	21 Oct 1593	1 Nov 1661	68
23 Nov 1661		Sir John Robinson,1st baronet  (to Oct 1679)	10 Jan 1615	Feb 1680	65
24 Oct 1667		Sir John Austen,2nd baronet	1 Apr 1641	5 Jan 1699	57
15 Feb 1679		Thomas Frewen  (to Apr 1689)  [following	27 Sep 1630	8 Sep 1702	71
		the general election in Jan 1689, Frewen
		was unseated on petition in favour of Sir
		John Austen 1 Apr 1689]
4 Oct 1679		Sir John Darell	20 Aug 1645	2 Feb 1694	48
3 Apr 1685		Sir Thomas Jenner	c 1638	1 Jan 1707
15 Jan 1689		Sir John Darell  (to 1694)	20 Aug 1645	2 Feb 1694	48
1 Apr 1689		Sir John Austen,2nd baronet  (to 1699)	1 Apr 1641	5 Jan 1699	57
9 Feb 1694		Thomas Frewen	27 Sep 1630	8 Sep 1702	71
22 Jul 1698		Joseph Offley  (to 1702)  [he was unseated		3 Jul 1721
		on petition in favour of Edward Southwell
		19 Dec 1702]
23 Jan 1699		Sir Robert Austen,3rd baronet	19 Mar 1664	5 Jul 1706	42
24 Nov 1701		Thomas Fagg	12 Apr 1665	19 Sep 1705	40
19 Dec 1702		Edward Southwell  (to 1708)	4 Sep 1671	4 Dec 1730	59
14 May 1705		Philip Herbert	c 1665	12 Mar 1716
2 Dec 1707		Phillips Gybbon  (to 1762)	11 Oct 1678	11 Mar 1762	83
6 May 1708		Sir John Norris	c 1670	13 May 1749
21 Mar 1722		Henry Aylmer,2nd Baron Aylmer [I]	c 1694	26 Jun 1754
16 Aug 1727		John Norris	31 Jul 1702	12 Nov 1767	65
23 Jan 1733		Matthew Norris	12 Jul 1705	27 Dec 1738	33
23 Apr 1734		Sir John Norris	c 1670	13 May 1749
13 Dec 1749		Thomas Pelham,later [1768] 2nd Baron Pelham
		of Stanmer and [1801] 1st Earl of Chichester	28 Feb 1728	8 Jan 1805	76
13 Apr 1754		George Onslow,later [1776] 4th Baron Onslow
		and [1801] 1st Earl of Onslow	13 Sep 1731	17 May 1814	82
30 Mar 1761		John Albert Bentinck  (to 1768)	29 Dec 1737	23 Sep 1775	37
20 Mar 1762		John Norris  (to 1774)	1740	after 1806
16 Mar 1768		Rose Fuller  (to 1777)	c 1708	7 May 1777
10 Oct 1774		Middleton Onslow		29 Oct 1801
20 Apr 1775		Thomas Onslow,later [1814] 2nd Earl of Onslow
		(to 1784)	15 Mar 1754	22 Feb 1827	72
20 May 1777		William Dickinson  (to 1790)	13 Jul 1745	26 May 1806	60
1 Apr 1784		Charles Wolfran Cornwall	15 Jun 1735	2 Jan 1789	53
13 Jan 1789		Charles Long,later [1826] 1st Baron
		Farnborough  (to 1796)	29 Jan 1760	17 Jan 1838	77
18 Jun 1790		Robert Banks Jenkinson,styled Baron
		Hawkesbury,later [1808] 2nd Earl of Liverpool	7 Jun 1770	4 Dec 1828	58
		(to 1803)
26 May 1796		Robert Dundas (Saunders-Dundas from 1796),
		later [1811] 2nd Viscount Melville	14 Mar 1771	10 Jun 1851	80
4 Mar 1801		John Blaquiere,1st Baron de Blaquiere [I]	15 May 1732	27 Aug 1812	80
6 Jul 1802		Thomas Davis Lamb  (to Apr 1806)	11 Aug 1775	13 May 1818	42
2 Dec 1803		Sir Charles Talbot,2nd baronet  (to Nov 1806)	8 Nov 1751	3 Nov 1812	60
1 Apr 1806		Sir Arthur Wellesley,later [1814] 1st Duke
		of Wellington	1 May 1769	14 Sep 1852	83
4 Nov 1806		Patrick Crauford Bruce	24 Jan 1748	30 Mar 1820	72
		Michael Angelo Taylor	13 Jul 1757	16 Jul 1834	77
7 May 1807		Sir John Nicholl   [he was also returned for	16 May 1759	26 Aug 1838	79
		Great Bedwyn,for which he chose to sit]
		Richard le Poer Trench,2nd Earl of
		Clancarty [I]	18 May 1767	24 Nov 1837	70
21 Jul 1807		Sir William Elford,1st baronet	Aug 1749	30 Nov 1837	88
		Stephen Rumbold Lushington  (to 1812)	6 May 1776	5 Aug 1868	92
15 Jul 1808		William Jacob	c 1762	17 Dec 1851
6 Oct 1812		Thomas Phillipps Lamb  (to 1816)	c 1752	26 Jun 1819
		Sir Henry Sullivan   [he was also returned	13 Mar 1785	14 Apr 1814	29
		for Lincoln,for which he chose to sit]
21 Dec 1812		Charles Wetherell  [kt 1824] [he was also returned	1770	17 Aug 1846	76
		for Shaftesbury,for which he chose to sit]
29 Mar 1813		Richard Arkwright  (to 1818)	30 Sep 1781	28 Mar 1832	50
10 May 1816		John Maberly	c 1775	by Feb 1840
18 Jun 1818		Charles Arbuthnot   [he was also returned	14 Mar 1767	18 Aug 1850	83
		for St.Germans,for which he chose to sit]
		Peter Browne  (to 1826)	1794	7 Apr 1872	77
26 Feb 1819		Thomas Phillipps Lamb	c 1752	26 Jun 1819
12 Jul 1819		John Dodson	19 Jan 1780	27 Apr 1858	78
4 Mar 1823		Robert Knight	3 Mar 1768	5 Jan 1855	86
9 Jun 1826		Richard Arkwright  (to Aug 1830)	30 Sep 1781	28 Mar 1832	50
		Henry Bonham	31 Jul 1765	9 Apr 1830	64
1 Mar 1830		Philip Pusey   [his name was erased from	25 Jun 1799	9 Jul 1855	56
		the return and that of George De Lacy
		Evans substituted 17 May 1830]
17 May 1830		George De Lacy Evans  [kt 1838]	7 Oct 1787	9 Jan 1870	82
2 Aug 1830		Hugh Duncan Baillie	31 May 1777	21 Jun 1866	89
		Francis Robert Bonham	6 Sep 1785	26 Apr 1863	77
30 Apr 1831		George De Lacy Evans  [kt 1838]	7 Oct 1787	9 Jan 1870	82
		Thomas Pemberton,later [1858] 1st
		Baron Kingsdown	11 Feb 1793	7 Oct 1867	74
		REPRESENTATION REDUCED
		TO ONE MEMBER 1832
14 Dec 1832		Edward Barrett Curteis		14 Dec 1879
26 Jul 1837		Thomas Gybbon Monypenny	7 Nov 1797	15 Mar 1854	56
1 Jul 1841		Herbert Barrett Curteis	19 Jun 1793	13 Dec 1847	54
23 Dec 1847		Herbert Mascall Curteis   [his election was	8 Jan 1823	16 Jun 1895	72
		declared void 27 Mar 1848. At the subsequent
		by-election held on 6 Apr 1848,Curteis was
		again returned]
9 Jul 1852		William Alexander Mackinnon	2 Aug 1784	30 Apr 1870	85
		[His election was declared void May 1853.
		At the subsequent by-election held on
		23 May 1853,he was again returned]
13 Jul 1865		Lauchlan Bellingham Mackinnon	21 Apr 1815	10 Jul 1877	62
18 Nov 1868		John Stewart Gathorne-Hardy,later [1906] 2nd
		Earl of Cranbrook	22 Mar 1839	13 Jul 1911	72
3 Apr 1880		Frederick Andrew Inderwick	1836	16 Aug 1904	68
3 Dec 1885		Arthur Montagu Brookfield	18 May 1853	3 Mar 1940	86
17 Mar 1903		Charles Frederick Hutchinson  [kt 1906]	23 Jan 1850	15 Nov 1907	57
19 Jan 1906		George Loyd Courthope,later [1925] 1st baronet
		and [1945] 1st Baron Courthope	12 Jun 1877	2 Sep 1955	78
26 Jul 1945		William Nicolson Cuthbert	24 Aug 1890	7 May 1960	69
		CONSTITUENCY ABOLISHED 1950,
		BUT REVIVED 1955
26 May 1955		Bryant Godman Irvine  [kt 1986]	25 Jul 1909	3 May 1992	82
		CONSTITUENCY ABOLISHED 1983
		RYEDALE (NORTH YORKSHIRE)
9 Jun 1983		John Deane Spence	7 Dec 1920	4 Mar 1986	65
8 May 1986		Elizabeth Lois Shields	27 Feb 1928
11 Jun 1987		John Robert Greenway	15 Feb 1946
		CONSTITUENCY ABOLISHED 2010
		Sir Cloudesley Shovell, MP for Rochester 1695-1701 and 1705-1707
		The following edited life of Sir Cloudesley Shovell is taken from "The Britannic Magazine; or
		Entertaining Repository of Heroic Adventures" published circa 1797:-
		'One of the most incontrovertible advantages derived from a free constitution is the opport-
		unity it affords for talents and abilities of every kind to expand and display themselves. No
		obscurity of birth is a certain obstacle to the advancement of a man, who inherits the rich
		gifts of nature, which are frequently bestowed where fortune is least liberal. The brave man,
		of whom we are now to speak, derived no lustre from descent; his parents lived in the county
		of Suffolk; what was the employment of the father is not known, but it probably was not more
		respectable than that to which the son was destined, which is said to have been a shoe-
		maker. The name of Cloudesley was given him in compliment to a wealthy relation of that
		name; but it does appear that any benefits accrued from that quarter. It is not likely, that
		one who became so eminent a seaman, should ever be disposed to stick to his last as a shoe-
		maker; young Cloudesley therefore presently left his master, and went to sea with Sir
		Christopher Mynns [1625-1666] whom he served as cabin­boy. Whilst he continued in this
		capacity, his natural disposition for nautical knowledge discovered itself, for he made such
		rapid advances in the science of navigation, that he soon became an able seaman. Such
		prompt abilities were to him instead of friends and recommendations. Sir John Narborough
		[1640-1688], whose merit had raised him to the highest honours of his profession, became the
		patron of this uncommon youth. When the war with the republic of Holland terminated, by the
		peace of 1674, King Charles determined to chastise the Tripoline pirates, who had taken
		advantage of the condition of England during that war, and in violation of treaties plundered
		the English merchant-ships in the Mediterranean. Accordingly, Sir John Narborough was sent
		with a fleet to chastise these corsairs.
		'Mr. Shovell, who was now twenty-five years of age, was a lieutenant on board the admiral's
		ship. The fleet arrived before Tripoli in 1675, where their visit had been expected, and every
		precaution taken to render the place defensible. The appearance of the enemy's strength,
		joined to the nature of the admiral's instructions, which directed him to try negotiation
		rather than force, determined him to send a person in whom he could confide to the Dey of
		Tripoli, with proposals for an accommodation, in which no more was required than satisfaction
		for the losses which had been sustained by the English, and a security that their ships should
		be unmolested for the future. The admiral entrusted Mr. Shovell with this message, who
		accordingly went on shore, and delivered it with great spirit. But the Dey, despising his youth,
		treated him with much disrespect, and sent him back with an evasive answer; Mr. Shovell, on
		his return to the admiral, acquainted him with some remarks he had made ashore; Sir John
		sent him back with another message, and with proper rules for conducting his enquiries and
		observations. The Dey treated this second message with great contempt; but Mr. Shovell
		patiently bore his arrogance, and by persevering in the object of his embassy excused
		himself for staying some time longer on shore. When he returned, he assured the admiral that
		it was very practicable to burn the ships in the harbour, notwithstanding their lines and forts;
		accordingly, in the night of the 4th of March, Lieutenant Shovell, with all the boats in the
		fleet, filled with combustible matter, went boldly into the harbour, and destroyed the enemy's
		ships, with a degree of success scarcely to be conceived, of which Sir John Narborough gave
		Sir John Narborough gave so honourable an account in all his letters, that the next year Mr.
		Shovell had the command of the Sapphire given him, a fifth-rate, from whence he was soon
		after removed into the James galley, a fourth-rate, in which he continued to the death of King
		Charles II.
		'Shovell gained no advancement during the short reign of King James II; he was not in favour
		with that prince. From the James galley he was removed to the Dover, a ship of the same
		rate; and, when the Prince of Orange sailed from Helvoetsluys, this ship was with Sir Roger
		Strickland [1640-1717]. As Captain Shovell's political principles were known not to accord with
		the favourite notions of King James, he became the more acceptable to his successor. The
		first action in which Captain Shovel was concerned after the revolution, was in that off Bantry
		Bay on the south-west coast of Ireland, which was fought on the 1st day of May, 1689. He
		had been already promoted to the Edgar, a third-rate, and in her he gave signal marks of his
		courage and conduct on this occasion. Soon after, when the king visited Portsmouth, he
		conferred the honour of knighthood on Capt. Shovell. In the year 1691, King William appointed
		him rear-admiral of the blue; and, to add to the honour which he bestowed, his majesty, with
		his own hands, delivered him his commission. Sir Cloudesley Shovell was this year chiefly
		employed in the Channel, and on the coast of Ireland.
		'On the 21st of July, he received orders to proceed with the ships under his command to
		for Kinsale, to intercept some French frigates, that were said to be on that coast. Arriving at
		Waterford-river, with intention to execute this commission, he received the agreeable news of
		General [Percy] Kirke's having made himself master of the town of Waterford; but was at that
		same time informed, that Duncannon castle, which by its situation commanded the river, still
		held out; and that the general, for want of cannon, was not likely to take it. Upon this,
		considering the importance of the place, and that no use could be made of the port of
		Waterford while the castle remained in the hands of the enemy, he sent the general word, on
		the 27th of July, that he was ready to assist him, by sending some frigates to the river, and
		landing all the men he could spare out of his squadron, under the protection of their guns.
		'Accordingly the next day he sent in the Experiment and the Greyhound, two small ships, to
		batter their castle, and under their fire landed between six and seven hundred men; all the
		boats of the fleet being employed in this service. The castle all this time thundered upon them,
		though to little purpose; but when once General Bourk, who commanded there, saw the men
		landed, he thought fit to capitulate, and marched out of the castle, with two hundred and fifty
		men, with their arms and baggage; leaving to the English the fortress, which was furnished
		with forty-two pieces of cannon, a noble reward for one day's hard duty.
		'The next year the king advanced him to the rank of rear-admiral of the red, and appointed him
		to command the squadron which was to convoy his majesty to Holland. This service performed,
		Sir Cloudesley Shovell joined the grand fleet under Admiral [Edward] Russell [later Earl of
		Orford], and had a considerable share in the glory acquired by the grand victory at La Hogue.
		'In the year 1693, Sir Cloudesley Shovell was named as one of the three admirals, to whom a
		commission was given for the joint command of the English fleet. The forming [of] this
		triumvirate shewed the king's disposition to govern without regarding party distinctions; for
		[Henry] Killigrew and [Sir Ralph] Delavall were declared Tories, and Shovell was a staunch
		Whig. It does not appear, however, that any disagreement among the commanders obstructed
		the operations or the fleet. The Dutch, however, upon this occasion, played off their wit in a
		picture, where the taking of the Srnyrna fleet was represented at a distance, and Sir
		Shovell on-board his own ship, with his hands tied behind him, one end of the cord being held
		by each of his colleagues; to insinuate, that he would have prevented this misfortune, if
		the Admirals Killigrew and Delavall had not hindered him. But, when the affair came to be
		enquired into in parliament, Sir Cloudesley Shovell, at the bar of the house, defended his
		as well as himself, and gave so clear and plain an account of the matter, that it satisfied
		everybody who was disposed to be satisfied, by strong and convincing testimony, of the
		integrity of the commanders; and if any treachery was practised in this business, as was
		with too much reason suspected, it must have proceeded from some employed in the admiralty
		office, or in that of the Secretary of State. In this state of public affairs, when the losses
		sustained by the commercial part of the nation created a number of active malcontents; and
		when those, whose essential interests not being involved in the event, felt only for the
		national disgrace which was thereby incurred, and upon that principle became clamorous,
		the character of Sir Cloudesley Shovell remained quite unimpeached by either party.
		The next year [1694] he commanded as vice-admiral of the red, under Lord Berkeley, admiral
		of the blue, in the famous expedition to Camaret Bay [on the north coast of Brittany in
		France], as well as the unsuccessful attempt upon Dunkirk which followed it. In this latter
		expedition Sir Cloudesley Shovell commanded in chief, and tho' the design miscarried, he was
		in no respect blamed, the imputation being thrown on M. Meesters, the inventor of those
		dreadful machines called infernals [fire-ships]. Indeed, the admiral took care to demonstrate
		from his conduct that there was no fault lay in him; for he went with a boat within the
		enemy's works, and so became an eye-witness of the impossibility of doing what his orders
		directed; and, therefore on his coming home, he was perfectly well received, and continued
		to be employed, as a man who would command success where it was possible, and omit
		nothing in his power where it was not so. He had his share in the remaining part of the war;
		and, after the peace of Ryswick, was always consulted by the king when maritime affairs were
		under consideration.
		Before the death of King William, Shovell was advanced to be admiral of the white; but when
		the crown devolved to Queen Anne, he was too much a whig to be well received at court; so
		that he remained unemployed until he was sent to Vigo [in north-west Spain] after Sir George
		Rooke [1650-1709, MP for Portsmouth 1698-1708] had taken the place, to bring home the
		spoils of the Spanish and French fleets, in the latter end of the year 1702; which he fully
		performed, and with surprising expedition.
		From henceforth he began to be employed in a manner suitable to his rank, and the unfavour-
		able prepossessions concerning him presently wore away. In the year 1703 he commanded the
		grand fleet in the Mediterranean, where although his force was comparatively inconsiderable,
		and his strength less than from the number of his ships might be expected, (for they were
		weakly manned, and worse victualled,) yet he performed essential services, though not brilliant
		exploits. Bishop Burnet [in his "History of My Own Time"] says, of this expedition, that
		everything was so ill-contrived by the ministry at home, that it seemed as if nothing was
		intended to have been done by it. When Shovell saw his instructions, he represented to the
		ministry, that it was in vain to expect anything from such a plan of operations; however, he
		was ordered to go, and he obeyed.
		The next year Sir George Rooke commanded in the Mediterranean, and Sir Cloudesley Shovell
		was sent, with a powerful squadron, to reinforce him, with which he joined the grand fleet on
		the 16th day of June. In the action off Malaga he commanded the van, and greatly disting-
		uished himself by his forwardness to engage the enemy; much mischief he actually did them,
		and much more he endeavoured to do, but could not; which he mentions in his letter to the
		admiralty, with a modesty that does him great honour. The Whigs and Tories alike
		endeavoured to confer all the merit of this action on that admiral which stood high in the
		favour of their party: with the one, Shovell had been the sole means of discomforting the
		French; with the other, Rooke had done every thing. But these popular prejudices do not seem
		to have had any influence on the conduct of the two commanders towards each other, so as
		to occasion disgust and jealousy. Rooke indeed, justly displeased at the ungenerous requital
		which his services met with, threw up his employments; and Sir Cloudesley Shovell, on his
		return, was presented to the queen by Prince George, as lord high-admiral of England, and
		was the next year employed as commander-in-chief, in conjunction with the Earl of
		Peterborough. Sir Cloudesley Shovell had no concern in the arts made use of to lessen the
		reputation of Sir George Rooke, in order to pave the way for laying him aside; but after this
		was done, and it became necessary to send both a fleet and army to Spain, no imputation
		could light on Sir Cloudesley for accepting the command jointly with the Earl of Peterborough.
		In the year 1706 Sir Cloudesley again commanded the fleet; but it sailed very late, so as not
		to reach the river of Lisbon till the month of November; and even when it arrived there, the
		disputes which arose amongst the lords of King Charles's council, and his generals, with the
		delays of the Portuguese, who were far from being hearty in his cause, disappointed all the
		great designs of the maritime powers, and the effects that might have been reasonably
		expected from the powerful reinforcement of troops which were embarked on-board the grand
		fleet.
		The last year in which our admiral bore the command was not like that of his competitor for
		fame, Sir George Rooke, crowned with glorious success. He had wintered at Lisbon with the
		fleet, and was preparing to succour Alicant early in the spring, when he was stopped by orders
		from England. Afterwards the project was resumed, and the English and Dutch fleet sailed
		from Lisbon, with the land-forces on-board, on the 7th day of January [1707], and arrived at
		Alicant on the 18th. The admiral quitted Alicant with his fleet on the 17th day of February,
		and returned to Lisbon to repair the ships.  He next proceeded on the important expedition
		against Toulon, which, had it proved successful, would have given the maritime powers a
		perpetual ascendancy over France. On the 10th day of May he again sailed for Alicant, where
		having joined Sir George Byng, he proceeded to the coast of Italy, and in the latter end of
		the month of June came to an anchor between Nice and Antibes, where he awaited the arrival
		of the Duke of Savoy and Prince Eugene. Here the admiral had the honour of entertaining
		these two illustrious princes, together with most of the general officers, as well as the English
		and Dutch ministers, on-board his own ship, the Association; and, though politeness was not
		his characteristic excellence, yet, on this occasion, he displayed a magnificent spirit. The
		duke, when he came on-board, found a guard of halberdiers, in new liveries, at the great cabin
		door. At the upper end of the table was set an arm-chair, with a crimson velvet canopy. The
		repast consisted of sixty covers; and every thing was so well arranged, that his royal highness
		said to the admiral at dinner, "If your excellency had paid me a visit at Turin, I could scarcely
		have treated you so well."
		It ought to be acknowledged, that whatever there was of zeal and spirit in the prosecution of
		the design upon Toulon, it was imparted by Sir Cloudesley Shovell. He it was who proposed
		forcing the passage of the Var; he prevailed on the Prince of Savoy to prosecute his march
		immediately thereupon; and, as soon as the resolution was taken, the admiral sailed, with his
		fleet, for the isles of Hyeres, leaving ten or twelve frigates to interrupt the enemy's corres-
		pondence with Italy. On the 16th day of August, the fleet began to cannonade the town, and
		throw bombs in the night, which was continued until the siege was raised. These obliged the
		French to sink their capital ships, and thereby greatly to weaken their marine. As the Duke of
		Savoy never would have attempted this enterprise without the help of the fleet, so he did
		nothing when before the town but by the aid of the fleet, from whence he received all his
		military stores. The safety of his retreat was likewise owing to the fleet, which returned to the
		Var. There some new disputes happened, in which Sir Cloudesley had little or no concern. Her
		Britannic majesty's minister laboured to persuade Prince Eugene to take upon him the command
		of the troops in Spain, in which the Duke of Savoy likewise concurred; and Sir Cloudesley
		offered to transport his royal highness, with a body of troops under his command, to Spain;
		but, this proposition being rejected, our admiral bore away for the Straits, and soon after
		resolved to return home, which was the last act of his life.
		Having touched at Gibraltar, he proceeded for England, and arrived at the mouth of the
		channel. He found himself in soundings on the 23rd day of October, having a very brisk gale
		at south-south-west, but hazy weather. About eight o'clock at night his own ship, the
		Association, struck upon the rocks of Scilly, called the Bishop and his Clerks. Sir Geo. Byng
		was then less than half a mile to windward of him; he saw the signals of danger that were
		made from the admiral's ship, which in two minutes time disappeared, and every person on
		board perished. The same fate befell the Eagle, Captain Robert Hancock, of seventy guns,
		and the Romney, Captain William Cony, of fifty guns. The Firebrand fire-ship was likewise lost;
		but Captain Piercy, who commanded her, and twenty-four men, saved themselves in the boat.
		The Phoenix fire-ship, commanded by Captain Sansom, was driven ashore, but fortunately got
		off again. The Royal Anne, in which Sir Geo. Byng bore his flag, was saved by the presence
		of mind of the officers and men, who set her top-sails, when she was within a ship's length
		of the rocks. Sir John Norris and the Lord Dursley with very great difficulty disentangled
		themselves from the threatening fate; besides whom several others ran no small hazard
		among these dangerous little islands. Thus perished the great English Admiral Sir Cloudesley
		Shovell, with all his officers, and about nine hundred sailors.
		How that fatal accident arose which deprived Great Britain of so eminent a naval commander
		is hard to determine. Shameful negligence it certainly was, in those who navigated the fleet,
		but the cause of that negligence cannot be traced. Sir Cloudesley's body was thrown ashore
		the next day on the island of Scilly, where some fishermen took him up, and, having taken a
		valuable emerald ring from his finger, stripped and buried him. This ring brought the secret
		transaction to light; for, being shewn about with great eagerness, a sea-officer, who
		happened to on the island, knew it, and declared the ring to have been Sir Cloudesley
		Shovell's; he there fore compelled the men who were in possession of it to discover where
		they had disposed of the body. He thereupon took it up, and carried it on board his own ship,
		the Arundel, which brought it to Portsmouth; from thence it was conveyed by land to London,
		and buried from his house in Soho-square, in Westminster Abbey, with great funeral solemnity;
		where a monument of white marble was afterwards erected, by the queen's direction, to his
		memory.'
		John Byng, MP for Rochester 1751-1757
		John Byng has the dubious distinction of being the only English admiral to be executed on
		the quarterdeck of his own ship. His crime was not cowardice or treachery, but 'over-
		caution', and a fatal disposition to denounce too strongly the bungling of his superiors.
		Byng was the fourth son of George Byng, 1st Viscount Torrington, who had received his
		title for naval services. John joined the Navy in 1718 and steadily rose through the ranks
		until, in 1755, he was promoted to Admiral of the Blue.
		During the War of the Spanish Succession, the island of Minorca in the Mediterranean
		had been captured by the English in 1708. When, nearly fifty years later, the Seven Years'
		War broke out, the French laid siege to the island. Byng was ordered to proceed to Minorca
		and lift the siege. He was given 10 very poorly-maintained ships and the authorities refused
		to give him skilled seamen. Instead, he had to rake together crews made up of victims of
		the press-gangs, gaolbirds and foreign mercenaries. At the last moment the Admiralty
		ordered ashore all his marines, replacing them with a group of officers absent on leave from
		Minorca and the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers, under the command of Lord Robert Bertie, to
		reinforce the Minorca garrison. Without marines, he would be at a grave disadvantage if
		he was forced in a naval engagement after landing these troops. So, it was with a rankling
		grievance that Byng set sail with his decrepit squadron on 6 April 1756.
		Arriving at Gibraltar on 2 May, he learned that while the Admiralty had dithered, Minorca had
		been over-run by 16,000 Frenchmen, who had the English garrison cooped up under
		constant bombardment. In the absence of the Governor, Lord Tyrawley, who preferred to
		govern the colony from England, the garrison was commanded by 85-year-old, gout-ridden
		Sir William Blakeney (later Baron Blakeney). Most of the garrison's officers were on board
		Byng's ships. The Governor of Gibraltar, Thomas Fowke, regarded Minorca as a lost cause
		and refused to release the troops he had been ordered to transfer to Byng - an act which
		later cost him his job.
		Byng then committed his first indiscretion. He enraged his enemies at the Admiralty by
		writing bitterly that they had sent him too little, too late, accusing them of negligence in
		that Gibraltar had no magazines to supply to his ships, and pointing out that the careening
		slips were so decayed that he could not clean his ships and that the wharves and store-
		houses were rotting and useless. He collected three more ships and sailed for Minorca.
		Byng arrived off Minorca on 19 May and began to manoeuvre to position himself to the
		windward of the strong French fleet. Byng had 13 ships; the French fleet, commanded by
		Admiral Vicomte de la Galissonniere, had 12, but the French ships were new and clean, with
		greater firepower.
		Next morning, Byng brought his ships into action. His second-in-command, Rear-Admiral
		Temple West (MP for Buckingham 1753-1754) swept down on the French ships and broke
		their line. Victory was in sight when a French broadside disabled one of West's ships, causing
		it to swing into the wind, thereby throwing the rest of ships sailing in line behind it into
		confusion. The Admiralty's 'Fighting Instructions' demanded that a line of battle be
		maintained and Byng clung tenaciously to the 'by the book' strategy. In this he was probably
		encouraged by the fate of Admiral Thomas Mathews, who had been dismissed for failing to
		maintain his ships in line at the Battle of Toulon in February 1744.
		Byng held up the rear of his fleet until they sorted themselves into the correct order, by
		which time the whole French fleet had swept past West's ships, shattering them with broad-
		sides and then sailing off before Byng's fleet could catch them. The British lost 42 dead and
		165 wounded, with French casualties slightly lower. As a result of a council of war held by
		Byng and his officers, it was decided that little could be done to aid the garrison, and that it
		would be better to sail back to Gibraltar to refit and reinforce.
		When news of the encounter reached London, popular feeling ran extremely high against the
		government, who immediately seized upon Byng as a scapegoat for their negligence and
		delay. When Byng's report (which can be found at
		http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Admiral_John_Byng%27s_account_of_the_Battle_of_Minorca_
		%281756%29) was received by the Admiralty, it was kept secret for 10 days while public
		passions rose, and when it was finally released it was edited to remove any comments that
		could be viewed as favourable to Byng.
		In the meantime, Byng was still at Gibraltar. The first he heard of the events in London was
		when Admiral Hawke (later Baron Hawke) arrived to replace him. When Byng was arrested a
		few days later, he was so disgusted that he threw his uniform overboard. When he arrived
		back at Portsmouth, he needed a military guard to safeguard him from the mob. His brother,
		Colonel Edward Byng, was so shocked by the uproar that he fell into convulsions and died
		the next day.
		Byng's trial began on 27 December 1756 and lasted for a month. His officers supported his
		actions and Byng himself pleaded that his fleet was too late, too small and in no condition
		to encounter the newly-commissioned French fleet. Even if he had risked battle, he could
		have done nothing to relieve the garrison, surrounded as it was by 16,000 soldiers. Never-
		theless, the court found that he had not done his utmost to relieve the garrison and, under
		the Naval Articles of War, and in particular Article 12, the court sentenced him to death.
		Article 12 read as follows: 'Every person in the fleet, who through cowardice, negligence, or
		disaffection, shall in time of action withdraw or keep back, or not come into the fight or
		engagement, or who shall not do his utmost to take or destroy every ship which it shall be
		his duty to engage, and to assist and relieve all and every of His Majesty's ships, or those
		of his allies, which it shall be his duty to assist and relieve, every such person so offending,
		and being convicted thereof by the sentence of a court-martial, shall suffer death.' To be
		fair to the court-martial, it had no alternative but to pass such a sentence.
		One of his judges, Admiral (later Viscount) Keppel succeeded in passing a bill in the Commons
		to enable the production of new evidence in Byng's favour, but the Lords threw the bill out.
		Two petitions to King George II also failed. Even Byng's opponent at Minorca sent a written
		plea for clemency.
		It was all to no avail - Byng was executed by firing squad on the quarterdeck of 'The
		Monarch' on 14 March 1757. Readers familiar with the works of Voltaire will recall the
		passage in Candide where Candide witnesses the execution of an officer by firing squad and
		is told 'in this country, it is wise to kill an admiral from time to time to encourage the others.'
		Byng's epitaph at the family vault reads 'To the perpetual disgrace of publick justice the
		Honble. John Byng, Esqr, Admiral of the Blue, fell a martyr to political persecution March
		14th in the year 1757 when bravery and loyalty were insufficient securities for the life and
		honour of a naval officer.' In 2007, on the 250th anniversary of Byng's execution, his
		descendants were unsuccessful in their petition to the British government for a posthumous
		pardon. The Ministry of Defence stated that they could not agree to a pardon, since there
		was no-one still alive who knew him (as opposed to the 306 British soldiers who had been
		executed for cowardice during WWI and who had been pardoned in August 2006).
		Francis Charles Hughes-Hallett, MP for Rochester 1885-1889
		Hughes-Hallett found himself embroiled in scandal in 1887. The following article appeared in
		"The Pall Mall Gazette" of 20 September 1887:-
		'A most extraordinary and painful scandal has for some days been current in all political and
		social circles about a member of the House of Commons. The scandal was well
		authenticated; but the circumstances were so revolting and so distressing that every one
		trusted the story would be authoritatively contradicted. The member in question is Colonel
		Hughes-Hallett, who sits for Rochester, and we regret to have to state that the rumours
		have proved correct.
		'The "honourable gentleman" - or whatever he should be called - married in the year 1871
		the widow of the late Lord Justice Selwyn. Lady Selwyn had a daughter, and also a son -
		Captain C. W. Selwyn, who is now member for the Wisbech Division of Cambridgeshire. On
		the death of his first wife, Lady Selwyn, Colonel Hughes-Hallett married, in 1882, an
		American lady - a daughter of Colonel von Schaumburg, of Philadelphia, United States. He
		still, however, remained on friendly terms with the family of his late wife, whose daughter
		(that is, his step-daughter) he has now ruined. The intrigue was discovered by a third
		party when they were staying together at a country house. This young lady is about
		twenty two years old; she is pretty and accomplished, and has a fortune of some £40,000.
		She is expected some six months hence to become the mother of her step-father's child.
		'Revolting as these circumstances are, we regret to have to add that Colonel Hughes-
		Hallett obtained possession of a large sum of money of the young lady's. Directly the
		intelligence came to the ears of her brother he placed the matter in the hands of his
		solicitor, Mr. George Lewis, whose absence abroad has caused the delay in taking steps
		in the affair. During this delay, however, the money has been repaid to Miss Selwyn's
		account at her bankers.'
		Unfortunately, the Pall Mall Gazette got the relationship between Hughes-Hallett and Miss
		Selwyn wrong. Lord Justice Selwyn had married twice - Miss Selwyn was the daughter of
		the first Lady Selwyn, whereas Hughes-Hallett had married the second Lady Selwyn after
		the death of the Lord Justice. As a result, Miss Selwyn was the step-daughter of the first
		Lady Selwyn and was not the step-daughter of Hughes-Hallett.
		Hughes-Hallett defended himself vigorously. He pointed out that Miss Selwyn was in no
		way related to him. As to the charge that he obtained control of her fortune, he responded
		that "some time ago Miss Selwyn asked me to try to get her better interest for the sum of
		£5,000 than she was getting at the time. She covenanted, by a deed now in my possession,
		to lend the money for five years; but some weeks ago her solicitors suddenly called this
		money in, and in less than 24 hours the principal, with interest to date, was handed to my
		solicitors for transference to hers."
		The intrigue was apparently discovered when Hughes-Hallett and Miss Selwyn were staying
		in the house of a Mr. Henry Smith. His account was published in "The Pall Mall Gazette" of
		27 September 1887:-
		'My suspicions were awakened. I went to call my housekeeper, who is an old family servant,
		and who was the first to arouse my suspicions, and she called Miss Selwyn's own maid. No
		other servants were summoned. The coachman - who is the housekeeper's husband - got
		up, but did not, of course, go upstairs. The two women went to Miss Selwyn's door, and,
		finding it partially bolted, easily pushed it open. As soon as Colonel Hughes-Hallett was
		discovered, they called for me. I went in, and, as far as I can remember, the only words
		which I uttered were these. They were strong words, no doubt, but I record the fact:-
		"You damned blackguard, I have long suspected this: you shall leave this room and my
		house instantly." I then went downstairs to the landing on which his room was. He came up
		to me and asked me how long I could give him, and whether he could have a cart to convey
		him to the station. I told him that I could give him half an hour, and that my cart would
		then be ready for him. I then went to my library, and from that hour to this I have not set
		eyes on Colonel Hughes-Hallett.'
		The Tory party in the Colonel's seat of Rochester declined to take any action in the matter,
		for which they were roundly condemned by the press. Hughes-Hallett offered to give Miss
		Selwyn's brother satisfaction (i.e. fight a duel) but Captain Selwyn declined the offer. This
		provoked the anger of the editor of "The Society Herald" who accused Captain Selwyn of
		cowardice - Selwyn sued and the editor was fined £50.
		Although Hughes-Hallett continued to sit in the House of Commons, his reputation had been
		severely damaged. In July 1888, he was invited to a garden party given by the Archbishop
		of Canterbury at Lambeth, but before he could attend, the Archbishop ordered that his
		invitation be withdrawn. Eventually, the pressure became too much for Hughes-Hallett,
		and while he was in Azores, supposedly for his health, he resigned his seat in March 1889.
		When Hughes-Hallett had first been elected for Rochester in 1885, his opponent in that
		election was a man named John Passmore Edwards, who had later become the proprietor of
		a newspaper called "The Weekly Times and Echo." On 29 May 1892, this newspaper had
		published, under the heading of "Powder and Shot," the following paragraph:-
		'It is reported that Colonel Hughes-Hallett, the former M.P. for Rochester, is going to honour
		the new Parliament with his presence. If he can get returned, he should stand with Sir
		Charles Dilke [qv] for some double-barrelled constituency [i.e. a seat which returned two
		members] where the electors are not particular, and then we should have a suitable
		champion of purity on each side of the House in view of eventualities - Hallett and Dilke.
		Sodom and Gomorrah might have been proud of such a distinguished pair of
		representatives."
		Passmore admitted the libel and paid £2 into Court as sufficient damages, but the Colonel
		sued for a greater amount. When the case was heard, in April and May 1893, the previous
		allegations against Hughes-Hallett were again raked over in detail. In his defence, Edwards
		pleaded justification - his defence barrister asked what damage had been done to the
		Colonel's reputation by the publication of the paragraph, the inference being that Hughes-
		Hallett's reputation was so damaged that nothing could make it worse. At the end of the
		trial, the jury found in favour of the defendants.
		James Theobald, MP for Romford 1886-1894
		Theobald died from injuries he received while attempting to board a train. According to
		'Jackson's Oxford Journal' of 17 March 1894:-
		'Mr. James Theobald, Member for the Romford Division of Essex, met with a serious accident
		whilst attempting to enter a train at the Romford Station of the Great Eastern Railway on
		Friday afternoon [9 March]. He arrived at the station late, and reached a first-class
		compartment just as the train was leaving the platform. Missing his footing, he fell between
		the platform and the carriages, and he was severely crushed. One of his thighs and the
		lower part of his body were lacerated in a terrible manner, and he sustained serious scalp
		wounds. Two local surgeons were promptly on the spot, and after his injuries had been
		temporarily attended to he was placed on an ambulance and conveyed in a cab to the
		Golden Lion Hotel where he died the following day from the terrible injuries he received.
		'At an inquest subsequently held at the Court House, Romford, the jury returned a verdict
		of accidental death and added a rider that they considered the platform of the Romford
		Station should be made higher.'
		Michael Keith Beale Colvin, MP for Romsey 1997-2000
		Colvin and his wife died when their house was destroyed by fire in the morning of 24 February
		2000. The following report of the inquest into their deaths appeared in 'The Guardian' of 6 July
		of that year:-
		'A discarded match thrown into a waste paper basket was the most likely cause of a fire that
		destroyed the country mansion of the Conservative MP Michael Colvin and his wife Nichola,
		killing them both, an inquest heard yesterday.
		'Mr Colvin, 67, the MP for Romsey, Hampshire, and his wife, 62, died when the blaze swept
		through Tangley House, near Andover, Hampshire, early on February 24.
		'The mid-Hampshire coroner, Grahame Short, recorded an open verdict after concluding that
		the devastation caused by the fire meant it was impossible to establish the cause of death.
		The hearing in Winchester was told that fumes and flames would have spread upstairs through
		an open door to the bedrooms in which the couple were sleeping.
		'Nichola Woolnough, the Colvin's housekeeper since 1990, told the inquest how she and her
		husband, Peter, who lived in a nearby cottage, were woken by the smell of smoke about 3am.
		'With the couple's butler, Alvaro Perreira, who also lived on the Tangley estate, they tried to
		rescue the couple before calling the fire brigade.
		"We saw a glow in the sky. At first we thought it was the summerhouse but as we got round
		there we realised there was a glow coming from the main house," Mrs Woolnough said.
		'She said her husband and Mr Perreira had tried to enter the house but were beaten back by
		thick black smoke.
		'Firefighters, who arrived shortly after 4am, tried to enter through the bedroom windows but
		were beaten back by the intense heat.
		'The couple were identified by Mr Colvin's artificial hip joint and his wife's jewellery.'
		George Noble Plunkett, MP for Roscommon North 1917-1922
		George Noble Plunkett was generally referred to as Count Plunkett, a title granted to him in
		1877 by Pope Leo XIII. Between 1907 and 1916 he was the curator of the National Museum
		in Dublin.
		Following the Easter Rising in 1916, Plunkett's son, Joseph Mary Plunkett, was executed
		by firing squad and two other sons, George and John Plunkett, were sentenced to 10 years'
		imprisonment.
		In 1917, Plunkett was returned for the seat of Roscommon North, the first member of Sinn
		Féin to win a seat in the House of Commons. However, he declined to take his seat, which
		gave rise to the following article which appeared in 'The Times' of 19 February 1917:-
		'Count Plunkett, recently elected for North Roscommon as a supporter of the policy of Sinn
		Féin, appears to be the only member of Parliament who has ever declined to take the oath and
		his seat in the House of Commons. Therefore in order to deal with him, if the House chooses
		to do so, a new ruling or precedent will have to be made.
		'There is a constitutional obligation on every member to attend the sittings of the House of
		Commons. Up till quite recently a member who contemplated a long absence had to obtain the
		leave of the House before he was free to go. Motions for "leave of absence" have appeared on
		the Order Paper within the memory of the older members of the House. Failure to attend did
		not, however, vacate a seat. According to Sir Erskine May, the causes of vacancy are the
		death of members, their elevation to the peerage, the acceptance of office under the Crown,
		bankruptcy, lunacy, and the determination of Election Judges that elections or returns are
		void. There is one other cause - expulsion by resolution of the House in the case of members
		convicted of felony. But none of these instances apply to Count Plunkett. In fact, he cannot
		resign his seat, even if he desired to do so. A member once elected can only cease
		automatically to represent his constituents by reason of his death or the dissolution of
		Parliament. There are several instances in the text-books where the House has refused to set
		a member free even on account of physical incapacity or a personal unwillingness to attend.
		The only means of escape from his obligation which a member has is his appointment to the
		Chiltern Hundreds, and that can be withheld by the Chancellor of the Exchequer.
		'There exists a procedure known as "a call of the House" for compelling members to attend.
		It has been put into operation when a matter of importance and urgency arose which was
		thought to need the consideration of all the representatives of the people. The roll of
		members was called over, name by name, on the day appointed for the debate, of which
		due notice had been given. Those who were absent without reasonable excuse were fined.
		This means of enforcing the duty of attendance has not been put into operation since 1836,
		when the urgent matter was that of alleged corruption in the granting of pensions.
		'But all the old expedients for compelling attendance have fallen into disuse. The member has
		to reckon with his constituents, and that is now thought sufficient for the purpose. Besides
		such expedients, even if they were now in force, would apply only to members who had
		actually taken the oath and their seats. Count Plunkett is in an entirely different category.
		Still the House is supreme, an can, if it so desires, deal with him. In the first place, it may be
		assumed that Count Plunkett forfeits the £400 a year paid as salary to a member of
		Parliament. It might be held that Count Plunkett is technically guilty of a contempt of the
		House by refusing to take his seat. A resolution could be passed calling upon him to attend.
		If he declined to comply within a fixed period the Speaker's Warrant could be issued for his
		arrest or his seat could be declared vacant.'
		Notwithstanding the comment that "Plunkett.....appears to be the only member who has ever
		declined to take the oath and his seat in the House of Commons" there have been instances
		when a member has been returned to Parliament without his knowledge or agreement. Two
		cases which spring to mind are those of Sir Bryan O'Loghlen in County Clare in 1877 and the
		poet and historian Robert Southey in Downton in 1826. Interested readers are referred to
		notes under the respective constituencies.
		The question of how to deal with a member who refused to take his seat became somewhat
		meaningless after the December 1918 General Election when, in January 1919, the Sinn Féin
		MPs refused to recognize the UK Parliament and instead formed their own assembly called the
		Dáil Éireann. Of the 105 members for Irish constituencies elected in December 1918, 74 were
		members representing Sinn Féin and none of these members ever took their seats in the
		House of Commons. The table below shows those members elected for Irish constituencies in
		1918, colour-coded as follows:-
		Unionist/Labour Unionist
		Nationalist
		Sinn Féin
		Independent
					Took
		Name of member	Constituency		seat?
		Robert Chaine Alexander McCalmont	Antrim East		✔
		Robert William Hugh O'Neill,later Baron Rathcavan	Antrim Mid		✔
		Peter Kerr-Smiley	Antrim North		✔
		Charles Curtis Craig	Antrim South		✔
		James Rolston Lonsdale	Armagh Mid		✔
		William James Allen	Armagh North		✔
		Patrick Donnelly	Armagh South		✔
		William Arthur Lindsay	Belfast Cromac		✔
		Sir Edward Henry Carson,later Baron Carson	Belfast Duncairn		✔
		Joseph Devlin	Belfast Falls		✔
		Thomas Moles	Belfast Ormeau		✔
		Herbert Dixon,later Baron Glentoran	Belfast Pottinger		✔
		Samuel McGuffin	Belfast Shankill		✔
		Thomas Henry Burn	Belfast St. Anne's		✔
		Thompson Donald	Belfast Victoria		✔
		Robert John Lynn	Belfast Woodvale		✔
		James Lennon	Carlow		X
		Arthur Griffith	Cavan East		X
		Peter Paul Galligan	Cavan West		X
		Edward George [Eamonn] de Valera	Clare East		X
		Brian O'Higgins	Clare West		X
		Padraic O'Maille	Connemara		X
		James Joseph Walsh	Cork City		X
		Liam de Roiste	Cork City		X
		David Rice Kent	Cork Co. East		X
		Terence Joseph McSwiney	Cork Co. Mid		X
		Patrick O'Keeffe	Cork Co. North		X
		Thomas Cornelius Hunter	Cork Co. North East		X
		Michael Collins	Cork Co. South		X
		Diarmid Lynch	Cork Co. South East		X
		John Hayes	Cork Co. West		X
		Edward Joseph Kelly	Donegal East		✔
		Joseph O'Doherty	Donegal North		X
		Peter Joseph Ward	Donegal South		X
		Joseph Aloysius Sweeney	Donegal West		X
		David Douglas Reid	Down East		✔
		Sir James Craig,later Viscount Craigavon	Down Mid		✔
		Thomas Watters Brown	Down North		✔
		Jeremiah MacVeagh	Down South		✔
		Daniel Martin Wilson	Down West		✔
		Richard James Mulcahy	Dublin Clontarf		X
		Francis Lawless	Dublin Co. North		X
		George Gavan Duffy	Dublin Co. South		X
		Sean Thomas O'Kelly	Dublin College Green		X
		Philip Shanahan	Dublin Harbour		X
		Joseph McGrath	Dublin St.James's		X
		Michael Staines	Dublin St.Michan's		X
		Constance Georgine Markievicz	Dublin St.Patrick's		X
		Thomas Kelly	Dublin St.Stephen's Green		X
		Arthur Warren Samuels	Dublin University		✔
		Sir Robert Henry Woods	Dublin University		✔
		Edward Mervyn Archdale	Fermanagh North		✔
		Sean O'Mahoney	Fermanagh South		X
		William Joseph (Liam) Mellowes	Galway East		X
		Bryan Cusack	Galway North		X
		Francis Patrick Fahy	Galway South		X
		Pierce Beasley	Kerry East		X
		James Crowley	Kerry North		X
		Finian Lynch	Kerry South		X
		Austin Stack	Kerry West		X
		Donald Richard Buckley	Kildare North		X
		Arthur John O'Connor	Kildare South		X
		William Thomas Cosgrave	Kilkenny North		X
		James O'Mara	Kilkenny South		X
		Patrick McCartan	King's County		X
		James Nicholas Dolan	Leitrim		X
		Michael Patrick Colivet	Limerick City		X
		Richard Francis Hayes	Limerick East		X
		Cornelius Collins	Limerick West		X
		John MacNeill	Londonderry		X
		Hugh Alfred Anderson	Londonderry Co. North		✔
		Denis Stanislaus Henry	Londonderry Co. South		✔
		Joseph McGuinness	Longford		X
		John Joseph O'Kelly	Louth		X
		Edward George [Eamonn] de Valera	Mayo East		X
		John Crowley	Mayo North		X
		William Sears	Mayo South		X
		Joseph Michael McBride	Mayo West		X
		William James (Liam) Mellowes	Meath North		X
		Edmund John Duggan	Meath South		X
		Ernest Blythe	Monaghan North		X
		John Francis McEntee	Monaghan South		X
		John MacNeill	National University of Ireland		X
		Thomas Desmond Fitzgerald	Pembroke		X
		Kevin Christopher O'Higgins	Queen's County		X
		Sir William Whitla	Queen's University,Belfast		✔
		Sir Maurice Edward Dockrell	Rathmines		✔
		George Noble Plunkett	Roscommon North		X
		Henry James [Harry] Boland	Roscommon South		X
		John Joseph Clancy	Sligo North		X
		Alexander McCabe	Sligo South		X
		Pierce McCann	Tipperary East		X
		James Aloysius Burke	Tipperary Mid		X
		Joseph McDonagh	Tipperary North		X
		Patrick James Maloney	Tipperary South		X
		Thomas James Stanislaus Harbison	Tyrone North East		✔
		Arthur Griffith	Tyrone North West		X
		William Coote	Tyrone South		✔
		William Archer Redmond	Waterford City		✔
		Charles William St.John Burgess	Waterford County		X
		Laurence Ginnell	Westmeath		X
		Roger Mary Sweetman	Wexford North		X
		James Ryan	Wexford South		X
		John Redmond Etchingham	Wicklow East		X
		Robert Childers Barton	Wicklow West		X
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