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PEERAGE |
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Last updated 31/07/2010 |
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| Date |
Rank |
Order |
Name |
Born |
Died |
Age |
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BEREHAVEN |
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| 22 Jan 1816 |
V[I] |
1 |
Richard White |
6 Aug 1767 |
2 May 1851 |
83 |
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Created Viscount Berehaven and Earl |
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of Bantry 22 Jan 1816 |
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See "Bantry" |
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BERESFORD |
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| 28 Mar 1823 |
V |
1 |
William Carr Beresford |
2 Oct 1768 |
8 Jan 1854 |
85 |
| to |
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Created Baron Beresford 17 May 1814 |
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| 8 Jan 1854 |
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and Viscount Beresford 28 Mar 1823 |
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MP for Waterford 1811-1814. PC 1821 |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 22 Jan 1916 |
B |
1 |
Lord Charles William de la Poer Beresford |
10 Feb 1846 |
6 Sep 1919 |
73 |
| to |
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Created Baron Beresford 22 Jan 1916 |
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| 6 Sep 1919 |
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MP for Waterford 1874-1880, Marylebone |
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East 1885-1889,York 1897-1900,Woolwich |
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1902-1903 and Portsmouth 1910-1916 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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For further information on this peer, see the |
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note at the foot of this page. |
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BERKELEY |
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| 24 Jun 1295 |
B |
1 |
Thomas de Berkeley |
1245 |
23 Jul 1321 |
76 |
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Summoned to Parliament as Lord |
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Berkeley 24 Jun 1295 |
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| 23 Jul 1321 |
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2 |
Maurice de Berkeley |
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31 May 1326 |
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| 31 May 1326 |
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3 |
Thomas de Berkeley |
1293 |
27 Oct 1361 |
68 |
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| 27 Oct 1361 |
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4 |
Maurice de Berkeley |
1330 |
8 Jun 1368 |
37 |
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| 8 Jun 1368 |
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5 |
Thomas de Berkeley |
5 Jan 1353 |
13 Jul 1417 |
64 |
| to |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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| 13 Jul 1417 |
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| 20 Oct 1421 |
B |
1 |
James de Berkeley |
c 1394 |
Nov 1463 |
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Summoned to Parliament as Lord |
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Berkeley 20 Oct 1421 |
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| Nov 1463 |
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2 |
William de Berkeley |
1426 |
14 Feb 1492 |
65 |
| 28 Jan 1489 |
M |
1 |
Created Viscount Berkeley 21 Apr 1481, |
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Earl of Nottingham 28 Jun 1483 and Marquess |
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| 14 Feb 1492 |
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of Berkeley 28 Jan 1489 |
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For further information on this peer, and the |
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Battle of Nibley Green in particular, see the |
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note at the foot of this page. |
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On his death the Marquessate and |
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Viscountcy became extinct,but the Barony |
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passed to - |
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| 14 Feb 1492 |
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3 |
Maurice Berkeley |
1436 |
Sep 1506 |
70 |
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| Sep 1506 |
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4 |
Maurice Berkeley |
1467 |
12 Sep 1523 |
56 |
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| 12 Sep 1523 |
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5 |
Thomas Berkeley |
1472 |
22 Jan 1533 |
60 |
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| 22 Jan 1533 |
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6 |
Thomas Berkeley |
1505 |
19 Sep 1534 |
29 |
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| 19 Sep 1534 |
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7 |
Henry Berkeley |
26 Nov 1534 |
26 Nov 1613 |
79 |
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Lord Lieutenant Gloucester 1608-1613 |
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| 26 Nov 1613 |
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8 |
George Berkeley |
7 Oct 1601 |
10 Aug 1658 |
56 |
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| 10 Aug 1658 |
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9 |
George Berkeley |
1628 |
14 Oct 1698 |
70 |
| 11 Sep 1679 |
E |
1 |
Created Viscount Dursley and Earl |
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of Berkeley 11 Sep 1679 |
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Lord Lieutenant Gloucester 1660-1689 |
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and Surrey 1689-1698. PC 1685 |
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For information on Lady Henrietta Berkeley, the |
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Earl's daughter,see the note at the foot of the |
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page containing details of the Earl of Tankerville |
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| 11 Jul 1689 |
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10 |
Charles Berkeley |
8 Apr 1649 |
24 Sep 1710 |
61 |
| 14 Oct 1698 |
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2 |
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of |
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Acceleration as Baron Berkeley 11 Jul 1689 |
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MP for Gloucester 1679-1681. Lord |
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Lieutenant Gloucester 1694-1710 and |
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Surrey 1702-1710. PC 1694 |
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| 24 Sep 1710 |
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11 |
James Berkeley |
1680 |
17 Aug 1736 |
56 |
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3 |
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of |
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Acceleration as Baron Berkeley 5 Mar 1705 |
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Mp for Gloucester 1701-1702. Lord |
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Lieutenant Gloucester 1710-1712 and |
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1714-1736. First Lord of the Admiralty |
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1717-1727. PC 1717 KG 1718 |
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| 17 Aug 1736 |
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12 |
Augustus Berkeley |
18 Feb 1716 |
9 Jan 1755 |
38 |
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4 |
Lord Lieutenant Gloucester 1737-1755 |
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KT 1739 |
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| 9 Jan 1755 |
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13 |
Frederick Augustus Berkeley |
24 May 1745 |
8 Aug 1810 |
65 |
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5 |
Lord Lieutenant Gloucester 1766-1810 |
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| 8 Aug 1810 |
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14 |
Thomas Moreton Fitzhardinge Berkeley |
16 May 1796 |
27 Aug 1882 |
86 |
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6 |
For further information on the subsequent |
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claims to this peerage, see the note at the |
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foot of this page. |
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On his death the Barony devolved to his |
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niece (see below) and the Earldom |
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passed to - |
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| 27 Aug 1882 |
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7 |
George Lennox Fitzhardinge Berkeley |
25 Feb 1827 |
27 Aug 1888 |
61 |
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| 27 Aug 1888 |
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8 |
Randal Mowbray Thomas Berkeley |
30 Jan 1865 |
15 Jan 1942 |
86 |
| to |
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On his death the peerage became either |
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| 15 Jan 1942 |
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extinct or dormant |
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| 27 Aug 1882 |
B |
15 |
Louisa Mary Milman |
28 May 1840 |
10 Dec 1899 |
59 |
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| 10 Dec 1899 |
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16 |
Eva Mary Foley |
4 Mar 1875 |
4 Dec 1964 |
89 |
| to |
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On her death the barony fell into abeyance |
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| 4 Dec 1964 |
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| 1967 |
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17 |
Mary Lalle Foley-Berkeley |
9 Oct 1905 |
17 Oct 1992 |
87 |
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Abeyance terminated in her favour 1967 |
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| 17 Oct 1992 |
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18 |
Anthony Fitzhardinge Gueterbock |
20 Sep 1939 |
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Created Baron Gueterbock for life 18 Apr 2000 |
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BERKELEY OF RATHDOWNE |
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| 14 Jul 1663 |
B[I] |
1 |
Charles Berkeley |
before 1636 |
3 Jun 1665 |
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Created Baron Berkeley of Rathdowne |
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and Viscouny Fitzhardinge 14 Jul 1663 |
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See "Fitzhardinge" |
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BERKELEY OF STRATTON |
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| 19 May 1658 |
B |
1 |
John Berkeley |
1 Feb 1607 |
28 Aug 1678 |
71 |
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Created Baron Berkeley of Stratton |
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19 May 1658 |
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Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1670-1672 |
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| 28 Aug 1678 |
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2 |
Charles Berkeley |
18 Jun 1662 |
6 Mar 1682 |
19 |
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| 6 Mar 1682 |
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3 |
John Berkeley |
c 1663 |
27 Feb 1697 |
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| 27 Feb 1697 |
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4 |
William Berkeley |
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24 Mar 1741 |
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Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster |
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1710-1714, First Lord of Trade and |
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Plantations 1714-1715.
PC [I] 1696 PC 1710 |
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| 24 Mar 1741 |
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5 |
John Berkeley |
1697 |
18 Apr 1773 |
75 |
| to |
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MP for Stockbridge 1735-1741. Lord |
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| 18 Apr 1773 |
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Lieutenant of the Tower Hamlets 1762-1770 |
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PC 1752 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BERKHAMSTED |
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| 27 Jul 1726 |
M |
1 |
H R H William Augustus |
15 Apr 1721 |
31 Oct 1765 |
44 |
| to |
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Created Baron of Alderney,Viscount |
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| 31 Oct 1765 |
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Trematon,Earl of Kennington,Marquess |
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of Berkhampstead and Duke of |
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Cumberland 27 Jul 1726 |
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Second son of George II.
KG 1730 PC 1746 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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| 18 Jul 1917 |
E |
1 |
Alexander Albert Mountbatten |
23 Nov 1886 |
23 Feb 1960 |
73 |
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Created Viscount Launceston,Earl of |
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Berkhamsted and Marquess of |
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Carisbrooke 18 Jul 1917 |
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See "Carisbrooke" |
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BERKSHIRE |
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| 28 Jan 1621 |
E |
1 |
Francis Norris,2nd Baron Norris of Rycote |
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29 Jan 1624 |
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Created Viscount Thame and Earl of |
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| 29 Jan 1624 |
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Berkshire 28 Jan 1621 |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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| 7 Feb 1626 |
E |
1 |
Thomas Howard |
c 1590 |
16 Jul 1669 |
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Created Baron Howard of Charlton |
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and Viscount Andover 22 Jan 1622, and |
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Earl of Berkshire 7 Feb 1626 |
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MP for Lancaster 1605-1611, Wiltshire 1614 |
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and Cricklade 1620-1622 |
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Lord Lieutenant Oxford 1628-1642 and Middlesex |
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1660-1662. KG 1625 |
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| 16 Jul 1669 |
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2 |
Charles Howard |
c 1615 |
Apr 1679 |
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He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of |
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Acceleration as Baron Howard of Charlton |
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18 Nov 1640 |
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| Apr 1679 |
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3 |
Thomas Howard |
14 Nov 1619 |
12 Apr 1706 |
86 |
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| 12 Apr 1706 |
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4 |
Henry Bowes Howard |
1686 |
21 Mar 1757 |
70 |
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He succeeded to the Earldom of Suffolk |
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in 1745 when the peerages were merged |
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BERMINGHAM |
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| 5 Apr 1327 |
B |
1 |
William Bermingham |
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Summoned to Parliament as Lord |
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Bermingham 5 Apr 1327 |
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Nothing further is known of this peerage |
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BERNARD |
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| 6 Aug 1800 |
E[I] |
1 |
Francis Bernard,1st Viscount Bandon |
26 Nov 1755 |
26 Nov 1830 |
75 |
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Created Viscount Bernard and Earl of |
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Bandon 6 Aug 1800 |
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See "Bandon" |
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BERNERS |
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| 26 May 1455 |
B |
1 |
Sir John Bourchier |
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May 1474 |
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Summoned to Parliament as Lord |
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Berners 26 May 1455 |
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KG 1459 |
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| May 1474 |
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2 |
John Bourchier |
1467 |
19 Mar 1533 |
65 |
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Chancellor of the Exchequer 1517-1527 |
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| 19 Mar 1533 |
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3 |
Jane Knyvett |
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17 Feb 1562 |
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| 17 Feb 1562 |
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4 |
Thomas Knyvett |
c 1539 |
9 Feb 1618 |
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| 9 Feb 1618 |
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5 |
Thomas Knyvett |
10 Jun 1596 |
30 Jun 1658 |
62 |
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| 30 Jun 1658 |
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6 |
John Knyvett |
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28 Jul 1673 |
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| 28 Jul 1673 |
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7 |
Thomas Knyvett |
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28 Sep 1693 |
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| to |
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On his death the peerage fell into abeyance |
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| 28 Sep 1693 |
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| 1711 |
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8 |
Katherine Bokenham |
13 Aug 1658 |
29 Nov 1743 |
85 |
| to |
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She became sole heiress in 1711. On her |
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| 29 Nov 1743 |
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death in 1743 the peerage again fell into |
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abeyance |
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| 7 May 1832 |
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9 |
Robert Wilson |
20 Jan 1761 |
25 Mar 1838 |
77 |
| to |
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Abeyance terminated in his favour 7 May |
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| 25 Mar 1838 |
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1832. On his death the Barony fell into |
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abeyance for the third time,but only for |
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36 days |
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| 30 Apr 1838 |
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10 |
Henry Wilson |
1 Oct 1762 |
26 Feb 1851 |
88 |
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Abeyance terminated in his favour 30 Apr |
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1838 |
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| 26 Feb 1851 |
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11 |
Henry William Wilson |
23 Feb 1797 |
27 Jun 1871 |
74 |
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| 27 Jun 1871 |
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12 |
Harriet Tyrwhitt |
18 Nov 1835 |
18 Aug 1917 |
81 |
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| 18 Aug 1917 |
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13 |
Sir Raymond Robert Tyrwhitt-Wilson,4th baronet |
22 Jul 1855 |
5 Sep 1918 |
63 |
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| 5 Sep 1918 |
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14 |
Gerald Hugh Tyrwhitt-Wilson |
18 Sep 1883 |
19 Apr 1950 |
66 |
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For further information on this peer, see the note |
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at the foot of this page. |
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| 19 Apr 1950 |
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15 |
Vera Ruby Williams |
25 Dec 1901 |
20 Feb 1992 |
90 |
| to |
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On her death the peerage fell into abeyance |
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| 20 Feb 1992 |
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| 1995 |
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16 |
Pamela Vivien Kirkham |
30 Sep 1929 |
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Abeyance terminated in her favour 1995 |
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BERNSTEIN |
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| 3 Jul 1969 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sidney Lewis Bernstein |
30 Jan 1899 |
5 Feb 1993 |
94 |
| to |
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Created Baron Bernstein for life 3 Jul 1969 |
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| 5 Feb 1993 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BERNSTEIN OF CRAIGWEIL |
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| 15 May 2000 |
B[L] |
1 |
Alexander Bernstein |
15 Mar 1936 |
12 Apr 2010 |
74 |
| to |
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Created Baron Bernstein of Craigweil |
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| 12 Apr 2010 |
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for life 15 May 2000 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BERTIE OF THAME |
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| 2 Sep 1918 |
V |
1 |
Francis Leveson Bertie |
17 Aug 1844 |
26 Sep 1919 |
75 |
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Created Baron Bertie of Thame 28 Jun |
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1915 and Viscount Bertie of Thame |
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2 Sep 1918 |
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PC 1903 |
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| 26 Sep 1919 |
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2 |
Vere Frederick Bertie |
20 Oct 1878 |
29 Aug 1954 |
75 |
| to |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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| 29 Aug 1954 |
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BERTRAM |
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| 14 Dec 1264 |
B |
1 |
Roger Bertram |
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after 1264 |
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Summoned to Parliament as Lord |
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Bertram 14 Dec 1264 |
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| after 1264 |
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2 |
Rogert Bertram |
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after 1264 |
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| to |
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On his death the barony fell into abeyance |
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| after 1264 |
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BERWICK |
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| 19 May 1784 |
B |
1 |
Noel Hill |
Apr 1745 |
6 Jan 1789 |
43 |
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Created Baron Berwick 19 May 1784 |
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MP for Shrewsbury 1768-1774 and |
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Shropshire 1774-1784 |
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| 6 Jan 1789 |
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2 |
Thomas Noel Hill |
21 Oct 1770 |
3 Nov 1832 |
62 |
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| 3 Nov 1832 |
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3 |
William Noel-Hill |
21 Oct 1773 |
4 Aug 1842 |
68 |
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MP for Shrewsbury 1796-1812 and |
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Marlborough 1814-18. PC 1824 |
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| 4 Aug 1842 |
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4 |
Richard Noel-Hill |
7 Nov 1774 |
28 Sep 1848 |
73 |
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| 28 Sep 1848 |
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5 |
Richard Noel Noel-Hill |
21 Nov 1800 |
12 Apr 1861 |
60 |
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| 12 Apr 1861 |
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6 |
William Noel-Hill |
6 Jul 1802 |
24 Nov 1882 |
80 |
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| 24 Nov 1882 |
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7 |
Richard Henry Noel-Hill |
13 May 1847 |
2 Nov 1897 |
50 |
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| 2 Nov 1897 |
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8 |
Thomas Henry Noel-Hill |
2 Apr 1877 |
12 Jun 1947 |
70 |
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| 12 Jun 1947 |
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9 |
Charles Michael Wentworth Noel-Hill |
4 Mar 1897 |
27 Jan 1953 |
55 |
| to |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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| 27 Jan 1953 |
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BERWICK UPON TWEED |
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| 19 Mar 1687 |
D |
1 |
James Fitzjames |
21 Aug 1670 |
12 Jun 1734 |
63 |
| to |
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Created Baron of Bosworth,Earl of |
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| c 1696? |
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Tinmouth and Duke of Berwick-upon- |
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Tweed 19 Mar 1687 |
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Illegitimate son of James II. Lord |
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Lieutenant Hampshire 1687-1689. KG 1688 |
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He was presumed to have been attainted and the |
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peerages forfeited sometime between 1695 and |
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1697,although no Act of Attainder has ever been |
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found, as far as I am aware |
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For further information on the question of an |
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attainder,see the note at the foot of this page |
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BESSBOROUGH |
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| 11 Sep 1721 |
B[I] |
1 |
William Ponsonby |
1659 |
17 Nov 1724 |
65 |
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Created Baron Bessborough 11 Sep |
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1721 and Viscount Dungannon 28 Feb |
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1723 |
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PC [I] 1715 |
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| 17 Nov 1724 |
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2 |
Brabazon Ponsonby,2nd Viscount Dungannon |
1679 |
4 Jul 1758 |
79 |
| 6 Oct 1739 |
E[I] |
1 |
Created Earl of Bessborough 6 Oct |
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1739 and Baron Ponsonby of Sysonby |
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12 Jun 1749 |
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PC [I] 1727 |
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| 4 Jul 1758 |
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2 |
William Ponsonby |
by Nov 1704 |
11 Mar 1793 |
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MP for Derby 1742-1754, Saltash 1754-1756 |
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and Harwich 1756-1758. Lord Lieutenant |
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Kilkenny 1758. Postmaster-General 1759- |
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1762 and 1765-1766. PC [I] 1741 PC 1765 |
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| 11 Mar 1793 |
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3 |
Frederick Ponsonby |
24 Jan 1758 |
3 Feb 1844 |
86 |
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MP for Knaresborough 1780-1793 |
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| 3 Feb 1844 |
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4 |
John William Ponsonby |
31 Aug 1781 |
16 May 1847 |
65 |
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Created Baron Duncannon 19 Jul 1834 |
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MP for Knaresborough 1805-1806,Higham |
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Ferrers 1810-1812, Malton 1812-1826, |
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Kilkenny 1826-1832 and Nottingham 1832- |
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1834. Lord Lieutenant Carlow 1831-1838 |
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and Kilkenny 1838-1847. First Commissioner |
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of Woods and Forests 1831-1834 and 1835- |
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1841. Home Secretary 1834. Lord Privy |
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Seal 1835-1839. Lord Lieutenant of |
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Ireland 1846-1847. PC 1831 |
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| 16 May 1847 |
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5 |
John George Brabazon Ponsonby |
14 Oct 1809 |
28 Jan 1880 |
70 |
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MP for Bletchingley 1831, Higham Ferrers |
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1831-1832 and Derby 1835-1847. Lord |
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Lieutenant Carlow 1838-1880. PC 1848 |
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| 28 Jan 1880 |
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6 |
Frederick George Brabazon Ponsonby |
11 Sep 1815 |
11 Mar 1895 |
79 |
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| 11 Mar 1895 |
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7 |
Walter William Brabazon Ponsonby |
13 Aug 1821 |
24 Feb 1906 |
84 |
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| 24 Feb 1906 |
|
8 |
Edward Ponsonby |
1 Mar 1851 |
1 Dec 1920 |
69 |
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KP 1915 |
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| 1 Dec 1920 |
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9 |
Vere Brabazon Ponsonby |
27 Oct 1880 |
10 Mar 1956 |
75 |
| 2 Jun 1937 |
E |
1 |
Created Earl of Bessborough |
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2 Jun 1937 |
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MP for Cheltenham 1910 and Dover 1913- |
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1920. Governor General of Canada 1931- |
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1935. PC 1931 |
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| 10 Mar 1956 |
|
10 |
Frederick Edward Neuflize Ponsonby |
29 Mar 1913 |
5 Dec 1993 |
80 |
| to |
|
2 |
On his death the creation of 1937 became |
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| 5 Dec 1993 |
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|
extinct whilst the Irish Earldom |
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|
passed to - |
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| 5 Dec 1993 |
|
11 |
Arthur Mountifort Longfield Ponsonby |
11 Dec 1912 |
5 Apr 2002 |
89 |
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| 5 Apr 2002 |
|
12 |
Myles Fitzhugh Longfield Ponsonby |
16 Feb 1941 |
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BEST |
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| 4 Jun 2001 |
B[L] |
1 |
Richard Stuart Best |
22 Jun 1945 |
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Created Baron Best for life 4 Jun 2001 |
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BESWICK |
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| 18 Dec 1964 |
B[L] |
1 |
Frank Beswick |
21 Aug 1911 |
17 Aug 1987 |
75 |
| to |
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|
Created Baron Beswick for life 18 Dec 1964 |
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| 17 Aug 1987 |
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|
MP for Uxbridge 1945-1959. Minister of |
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State for industry 1974-1975. PC 1968 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BETHELL |
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| 23 Nov 1922 |
B |
1 |
Sir John Henry Bethell,1st baronet |
23 Sep 1861 |
27 May 1945 |
83 |
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|
Created Baron Bethell 23 Nov 1922 |
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MP for Romford 1906-1918 and East Ham |
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North 1918-1922 |
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| 27 May 1945 |
|
2 |
John Raymond Bethell |
23 Oct 1902 |
30 Sep 1965 |
62 |
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| 30 Sep 1965 |
|
3 |
Guy Anthony John Bethell |
17 Mar 1928 |
2 Dec 1967 |
39 |
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| 2 Dec 1967 |
|
4 |
Nicholas William Bethell |
19 Jul 1938 |
8 Sep 2007 |
69 |
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| 8 Sep 2007 |
|
5 |
James Nicholas Bethell |
1 Oct 1967 |
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BEVERIDGE |
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| 25 Jun 1956 |
B |
1 |
William Henry Beveridge |
5 Mar 1879 |
16 Mar 1963 |
84 |
| to |
|
|
Created Baron Beveridge 25 Jun 1956 |
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| 16 Mar 1963 |
|
|
MP for Berwick upon Tweed 1944-1945 |
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|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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BEVERLEY |
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| 26 May 1708 |
M |
1 |
James Douglas,2nd Duke of Queensberry |
18 Sep 1662 |
6 Jul 1711 |
38 |
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|
|
Created Baron of Rippon,Marquess of |
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|
Beverley and Duke of Dover 26 May 1708 |
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|
See "Dover" |
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|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 2 Nov 1790 |
E |
1 |
Algernon Percy,2nd Baron Lovaine |
21 Jan 1750 |
21 Oct 1830 |
80 |
|
|
|
Created Earl of Beverley 2 Nov 1790 |
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|
MP for Northumberland 1774-1786 |
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| 21 Oct 1830 |
|
2 |
George Percy |
22 Jun 1778 |
21 Aug 1867 |
89 |
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|
|
He succeeded to the Dukedom of |
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|
Northumberland in 1865 when the peerages |
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merged |
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BEW |
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| 26 Mar 2007 |
B[L] |
1 |
Paul Anthony Elliott Bew |
22 Jan 1950 |
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|
|
Created Baron Bew for life 26 Mar 2007 |
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BEXLEY |
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| 1 Mar 1823 |
B |
1 |
Nicholas Vansittart |
29 Apr 1766 |
8 Feb 1851 |
84 |
| to |
|
|
Created Baron Bexley 1 Mar 1823 |
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|
| 8 Feb 1851 |
|
|
MP for Hastings 1796-1802, Old Sarum |
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|
1802-1812, East Grinstead 1812 and Harwich |
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|
1812-1823. Chancellor of the Exchequer |
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|
1812-1823. Chancellor of the Duchy of |
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|
Lancaster 1823-1828. PC 1805. PC [I] 1817 |
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|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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BHATIA |
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| 5 Jun 2001 |
B[L] |
1 |
Amirali Alibhai Bhatia |
18 Mar 1932 |
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|
|
Created Baron Bhatia for life 5 Jun 2001 |
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BHATTACHARYYA |
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| 3 Jun 2004 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sushantha Kumar Bhattacharyya |
6 Jun 1940 |
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Created Baron Bhattacharyya for life |
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3 Jun 2004 |
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BICESTER |
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| 29 Jun 1938 |
B |
1 |
Vivian Hugh Smith |
9 Dec 1867 |
17 Feb 1956 |
88 |
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Created Baron Bicester 29 Jun 1938 |
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Lord Lieutenant Oxford 1934-1954 |
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| 17 Feb 1956 |
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2 |
Randal Hugh Vivian Smith |
9 Jan 1898 |
15 Jan 1968 |
70 |
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| 15 Jan 1968 |
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3 |
Angus Edward Vivian Smith |
20 Feb 1932 |
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BICHARD |
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| 24 Mar 2010 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Michael George Bichard |
31 Jan 1947 |
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Created Baron Bichard for life 24 Mar 2010 |
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BIDDULPH |
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| 1 Aug 1903 |
B |
1 |
Michael Biddulph |
17 Feb 1834 |
6 Apr 1923 |
89 |
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Created Baron Biddulph 1 Aug 1903 |
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MP for Herefordshire 1865-1868 and Ross |
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1885-1900 |
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| 6 Apr 1923 |
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2 |
John Michael Gordon Biddulph |
19 Nov 1869 |
17 Dec 1949 |
80 |
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| 17 Dec 1949 |
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3 |
Michael William John Biddulph |
6 Mar 1898 |
21 Jul 1972 |
74 |
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| 21 Jul 1972 |
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4 |
Robert Michael Christian Biddulph |
6 Jan 1931 |
3 Nov 1988 |
57 |
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| 3 Nov 1988 |
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5 |
Anthony Nicholas Colin Maitland Biddulph |
8 Apr 1959 |
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BIFFEN |
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| 3 Jun 1997 |
B[L] |
1 |
William John Biffen |
3 Nov 1930 |
14 Aug 2007 |
76 |
| to |
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Created Baron Biffen for life 3 Jun 1997 |
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| 14 Aug 2007 |
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MP for Oswestry 1961-1983 and Shropshire |
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North 1983-1997. Chief Secretary to the |
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Treasury 1979-1981. Secretary of State |
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for Trade 1981-1982. Lord President of |
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the Council 1982-1983. Lord Privy Seal |
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1983-1987. PC 1979 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BILIMORIA |
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| 16 Jun 2006 |
B[L] |
1 |
Karan Faridoon Bilimoria |
26 Nov 1961 |
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Created Baron Bilimoria for life 16 Jun 2006 |
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BILLINGHAM |
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| 2 May 2000 |
B[L] |
1 |
Angela Theodora Billingham |
31 Jul 1939 |
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Created Baroness Billingham for life |
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2 May 2000 |
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BILSLAND |
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| 31 Jan 1950 |
B |
1 |
Sir Alexander Steven Bilsland,2nd baronet |
13 Sep 1892 |
10 Dec 1970 |
78 |
| to |
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Created Baron Bilsland 31 Jan 1950 |
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| 10 Dec 1970 |
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KT 1955 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BILSTON |
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| 20 Jun 2005 |
B[L] |
1 |
Dennis Turner |
26 Aug 1942 |
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Created Baron Bilston for life 20 Jun 2005 |
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MP for Wolverhampton SE 1987-2005 |
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BINDON |
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| 30 Dec 1706 |
E |
1 |
Henry Howard |
1670 |
19 Sep 1718 |
48 |
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Created Baron Chesterford and Earl |
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of Bindon 30 Dec 1706 |
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PC 1708 |
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He succeeded as 6th Earl of Suffolk in 1709 |
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| 19 Sep 1718 |
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2 |
Charles William Howard |
9 May 1693 |
9 Feb 1722 |
28 |
| to |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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| 9 Feb 1722 |
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BINGHAM |
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| 26 Jun 1934 |
B |
1 |
George Charles Bingham,5th Earl of Lucan |
13 Dec 1860 |
20 Apr 1949 |
88 |
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Created Baron Bingham 26 Jun 1934 |
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See "Lucan" |
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BINGHAM OF CORNHILL |
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| 4 Jun 1996 |
B[L] |
1 |
Thomas Henry Bingham |
13 Oct 1933 |
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Created Baron Bingham of Cornhill for life |
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4 Jun 1996 |
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Lord Justice of Appeal 1986-1992. Master |
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of the Rolls 1992-1996. Lord Chief |
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Justice 1996-2000
PC 1986 KG 2005 |
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BINGLEY |
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| 21 Jul 1713 |
B |
1 |
Robert Benson |
25 Mar 1676 |
9 Apr 1731 |
54 |
| to |
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Created Baron Bingley 21 Jul 1713 |
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| 9 Apr 1731 |
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MP for Thetford 1702-1705 and York |
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1705-1713. Chancellor of the Exchequer |
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1711-1713. PC 1711 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 13 May 1762 |
B |
1 |
George Fox-Lane |
c 1696 |
22 Feb 1773 |
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| to |
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Created Baron Bingley 13 May 1762 |
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| 22 Feb 1773 |
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MP for Hindon 1734-1741 and York 1742- |
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1761 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 24 Jul 1933 |
B |
1 |
George Richard Lane-Fox |
15 Dec 1870 |
11 Dec 1947 |
76 |
| to |
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Created Baron Bingley 24 Jul 1933 |
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| 11 Dec 1947 |
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MP for Barkston Ash 1906-1931. Secretary |
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for Mines 1922-1924 and 1924-1928. PC 1926 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BINNING |
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| 30 Nov 1613 |
B[S] |
1 |
Thomas Hamilton |
1563 |
29 May 1637 |
73 |
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Created Lord Binning 30 Nov 1613 and |
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Earl of Melrose 20 Mar 1619. |
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See "Haddington" |
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BIRDWOOD |
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| 25 Jan 1938 |
B |
1 |
Sir William Riddell Birdwood,1st baronet |
13 Sep 1865 |
17 May 1951 |
85 |
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Created Baron Birdwood 25 Jan 1938 |
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Field Marshal 1925 |
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| 17 May 1951 |
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2 |
Christopher Bromhead Birdwood |
22 May 1899 |
5 Jan 1962 |
62 |
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|
For further information on the first wife of this |
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peer, see the note at the foot of this page. |
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| 5 Jan 1962 |
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3 |
Mark William Ogilvie Birdwood |
22 Nov 1938 |
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BIRK |
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| 15 Sep 1967 |
B[L] |
1 |
Alma Birk |
22 Sep 1917 |
29 Dec 1996 |
79 |
| to |
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Created Baroness Birk
for life 15 Sep 1967 |
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| 29 Dec 1996 |
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Peerage extinct on her death |
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BIRKENHEAD |
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| 28 Nov 1922 |
E |
1 |
Sir Frederick Edwin Smith,1st baronet |
12 Jul 1872 |
30 Sep 1930 |
58 |
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Created Baron Birkenhead 3 Feb 1919, |
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Viscount Birkenhead 15 Jun 1921 and |
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Viscount Furneaux and Earl of |
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Birkenhead 28 Nov 1922 |
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MP for Walton 1906-1918 and West Derby |
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1918-1919. Solicitor General 1915. |
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Attorney General 1915 and 1916-1919. |
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Lord Chancellor 1919-1922. Secretary of |
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State for India 1924-1928.
PC 1911 |
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|
For further information on the Earl's daughter, |
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|
Lady Eleanor Furneaux Smith, see the note at |
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|
the foot of this page. |
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| 30 Sep1 930 |
|
2 |
Frederick Winston Furneaux Smith |
7 Dec 1907 |
10 Jun 1975 |
67 |
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| 10 Jun 1975 |
|
3 |
Frederick William Robin Smith |
17 Apr 1936 |
16 Feb 1985 |
48 |
| to |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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| 16 Feb 1985 |
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BIRKETT |
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| 31 Jan 1958 |
B |
1 |
William Norman Birkett |
6 Sep 1883 |
10 Feb 1962 |
78 |
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|
Created Baron Birkett 31 Jan 1958 |
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MP for Nottingham East 1923-1924 and |
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1929-1931. Lord Justice of Appeal 1950- |
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1957. PC 1947 |
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| 10 Feb 1962 |
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2 |
Michael Birkett |
22 Oct 1929 |
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BIRT |
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| 11 Feb 2000 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir John Birt |
10 Dec 1944 |
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Created Baron Birt for life 11 Feb 2000 |
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BISHOPSTON |
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| 21 May 1981 |
B[L] |
1 |
Edward Stanley Bishop |
3 Oct 1920 |
19 Apr 1984 |
63 |
| to |
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|
Created Baron Bishopston for life |
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| 19 Apr 1984 |
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21 May 1981 |
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MP for Newark 1964-1979. Minister of State, |
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Agriculture Fisheries & Food 1974-1979 |
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PC 1977 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BLACHFORD |
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| 4 Nov 1871 |
B |
1 |
Sir Frederick Rogers,8th baronet |
31 Jan 1811 |
21 Nov 1889 |
78 |
| to |
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|
Created Baron Blachford 4 Nov 1871 |
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| 21 Nov 1889 |
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PC 1871 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BLACK |
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| 21 Jun 1968 |
B[L] |
1 |
William Rushton Black |
12 Jan 1893 |
27 Dec 1984 |
91 |
| to |
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|
Created Baron Black for life 21 Jun 1968 |
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| 27 Dec 1984 |
|
|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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|
BLACK OF BRENTWELL |
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| 9 Jul 2010 |
B[L] |
1 |
Guy Vaughan Black |
6 Aug 1964 |
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|
|
Created Baron Black of Brentwell for life |
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9 Jul 2010 |
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|
BLACK OF CROSSHARBOUR |
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| 30 Oct 2001 |
B[L] |
1 |
Conrad Moffat Black |
25 Aug 1944 |
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|
Created Baron Black of Crossharbour |
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for life 30 Oct 2001 |
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BLACKBURN |
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| 16 Oct 1876 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Colin Blackburn |
18 May 1813 |
8 Jan 1896 |
82 |
| to |
|
|
Created Baron Blackburn for life 16 Oct 1876 |
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|
|
| 8 Jan 1896 |
|
|
Lord of Appeal in Ordinary 1876-1886 PC 1876 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BLACKETT |
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| 27 Jan 1969 |
B[L] |
1 |
Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett |
18 Nov 1897 |
13 Jul 1974 |
76 |
| to |
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Created Baron Blackett for life 27 Jan 1969 |
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| 13 Jul 1974 |
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CH 1965 OM 1967 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BLACKFORD |
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| 26 Jun 1935 |
B |
1 |
Sir William James Peake Mason,1st baronet |
11 Nov 1862 |
21 Jul 1947 |
84 |
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Created Baron Blackford 26 Jun 1935 |
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| 21 Jul 1947 |
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2 |
Glyn Keith Murray Mason |
29 May 1887 |
31 Dec 1972 |
85 |
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MP for Croydon North 1922-1940 |
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| 31 Dec 1972 |
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3 |
Keith Alexander Henry Mason |
3 Feb 1923 |
21 Apr 1977 |
54 |
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| 21 Apr 1977 |
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4 |
William Keith Mason |
27 Mar 1962 |
15 May 1988 |
26 |
| to |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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| 15 May 1988 |
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BLACKSTONE |
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| 18 Mar 1987 |
B[L] |
1 |
Tessa Ann Vosper Blackstone |
27 Sep 1942 |
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Created Baroness Blackstone for life |
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18 Mar 1987 |
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PC 2001 |
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BLACKWELL |
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| 2 Oct 1997 |
B[L] |
1 |
Norman Roy Blackwell |
29 Jul 1952 |
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Created Baron Blackwell for life 2 Oct 1997 |
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BLAIR OF BOUGHTON |
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| 20 Jul 2010 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Ian Warwick Blair |
19 Mar 1953 |
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Created Baron Blair of Boughton for life |
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20 Jul 2010 |
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BLAKE |
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| 17 May 1971 |
B[L] |
1 |
Robert Norman William Blake |
23 Dec 1916 |
20 Sep 2003 |
86 |
| to |
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Created Baron Blake for life 17 May 1971 |
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| 20 Sep 2003 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BLAKENEY |
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| 18 Dec 1756 |
B[I] |
1 |
Sir William Blakeney |
1670 |
20 Sep 1761 |
91 |
| to |
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Created Baron Blakeney 18 Dec 1756 |
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| 20 Sep 1761 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BLAKENHAM |
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| 8 Nov 1963 |
V |
1 |
John Hugh Hare |
22 Jan 1911 |
7 Mar 1982 |
71 |
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Created Viscount Blakenham 8 Nov 1963 |
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MP for Woodbridge 1945-1950 and Sudbury |
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and Woodbridge 1950-1963. Minister of |
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State for Colonial Affairs 1953-1956, |
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Secretary of State for War 1956-1958, |
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Minister of Agriculture,Fisheries & Food |
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1958-1960. Minister of Labour 1960-1963, |
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Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster |
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1963-1964. PC 1955 |
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| 7 Mar 1982 |
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2 |
Michael John Hare |
25 Jan 1938 |
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BLAKER |
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| 10 Oct 1994 |
B[L] |
1 |
Peter Allan Renshaw Blaker |
4 Oct 1922 |
5 Jul 2009 |
86 |
| to |
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Created Baron Blaker for life 10 Oct 1994 |
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| 5 Jul 2009 |
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MP for Blackpool South 1964-1992 |
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Minister of State,Foreign & Commonwealth |
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Office 1979-1981. Minister of State for |
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the Armed Forces 1981-1983. PC 1983 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BLANCH |
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| 5 Sep 1983 |
B[L] |
1 |
Stuart Yarworth Blanch |
2 Feb 1918 |
3 Jun 1994 |
76 |
| to |
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Created Baron Blanch for life 5 Sep 1983 |
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| 3 Jun 1994 |
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Archbishop of York 1975-1983. PC 1975 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BLANDFORD |
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| 14 Dec 1702 |
D |
1 |
John Churchill,1st Earl of Marlborough |
24 Jun 1650 |
16 Jun 1722 |
71 |
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Created Marquess of Blandford and |
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Duke of Marlborough 14 Dec 1702 |
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See "Marlborough" |
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BLANESBURGH |
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| 12 Oct 1923 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Robert Younger |
12 Sep 1861 |
17 Aug 1946 |
84 |
| to |
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Created Baron Blanesburgh for life |
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| 17 Aug 1946 |
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12 Oct 1923 |
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Lord Justice of Appeal 1919-1923. Lord of |
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Appeal in Ordinary 1923-1937. PC 1919 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BLANTYRE |
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| 10 Jul 1606 |
B[S] |
1 |
William Stewart |
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8 Mar 1617 |
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Created Lord of Blantyre 10 Jul 1606 |
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| 8 Mar 1617 |
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2 |
William Stewart |
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29 Nov 1638 |
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| 29 Nov 1638 |
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3 |
Walter Stewart |
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Oct 1641 |
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| Oct 1641 |
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4 |
Alexander Stewart |
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c 1670 |
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| c 1670 |
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5 |
Alexander Stuart |
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20 Jun 1704 |
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| 20 Jun 1704 |
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6 |
Walter Stuart |
1 Feb 1683 |
23 Jun 1713 |
30 |
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| 23 Jun 1713 |
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7 |
Robert Stuart |
|
17 Nov 1743 |
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| 17 Nov 1743 |
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8 |
Walter Stuart |
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21 May 1751 |
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| 21 May 1751 |
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9 |
William Stuart |
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16 Jan 1776 |
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| 16 Jan 1776 |
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10 |
Alexander Stuart |
|
5 Nov 1783 |
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| 5 Nov 1783 |
|
11 |
Robert Walter Stuart |
10 Jun 1777 |
22 Sep 1830 |
53 |
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|
Lord Lieutenant Renfrew 1820-1822 |
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| 22 Sep 1830 |
|
12 |
Charles Stuart |
21 Dec 1818 |
15 Dec 1900 |
81 |
| to |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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| 15 Dec 1900 |
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BLARNEY |
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| 15 Nov 1628 |
B[I] |
1 |
Charles Maccarty |
|
27 May 1640 |
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|
Created Baron Blarney and Viscount |
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Muskerry 15 Nov 1628 |
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See "Muskerry" |
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BLASONBERRIE |
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| 23 May 1697 |
V[S] |
1 |
Patrick Hume |
13 Jan 1641 |
2 Aug 1724 |
83 |
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|
Created Lord Polwarth,Viscount of |
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Blasonberrie and Earl of Marchmont |
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23 May 1697 |
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See "Marchmont" |
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BLATCH |
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| 4 Jul 1987 |
B[L] |
1 |
Emily May Blatch |
24 Jul 1937 |
31 May 2005 |
67 |
| to |
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|
Created Baroness Blatch for life 4 Jul 1987 |
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| 31 May 2005 |
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PC 1993 |
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Peerage extinct on her death |
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BLAYNEY |
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| 29 Jul 1621 |
B[I] |
1 |
Edward Blayney |
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11 Feb 1629 |
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|
Created Baron Blayney 29 Jul 1621 |
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| 11 Feb 1629 |
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2 |
Henry Blayney |
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5 Jun 1646 |
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| 5 Jun 1646 |
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3 |
Edward Blayney |
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1669 |
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| 1669 |
|
4 |
Richard Blayney |
|
5 Nov 1670 |
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| 5 Nov 1670 |
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5 |
Henry Vincent Blayney |
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Aug 1689 |
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| Aug 1689 |
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6 |
William Blayney |
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3 Jan 1705 |
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| 3 Jan 1705 |
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7 |
Cadwallader Blayney |
21 Apr 1693 |
19 Mar 1732 |
38 |
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| 19 Mar 1732 |
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8 |
Charles Talbot Blayney |
27 Jan 1714 |
15 Sep 1761 |
47 |
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| 15 Sep 1761 |
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9 |
Cadwallader Blayney |
2 May 1720 |
21 Nov 1775 |
55 |
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| 21 Nov 1775 |
|
10 |
Cadwallader Davis Blayney |
1769 |
2 Apr 1784 |
14 |
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| 2 Apr 1784 |
|
11 |
Andrew Thomas Blayney |
30 Nov 1770 |
8 Apr 1834 |
63 |
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MP for Old Sarum 1806-1807 |
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| 8 Apr 1834 |
|
12 |
Cadwallader Davis Blayney |
19 Dec 1802 |
18 Jan 1874 |
71 |
| to |
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MP for Monaghan 1830-1834 |
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| 18 Jan 1874 |
|
|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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BLEASE |
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| 21 Jul 1978 |
B[L] |
1 |
William John Blease |
28 May 1914 |
16 May 2008 |
93 |
| to |
|
|
Created Baron Blease for life 21 Jul 1978 |
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| 16 May 2008 |
|
|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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BLEDISLOE |
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| 24 Jun 1935 |
V |
1 |
Charles Bathurst |
21 Sep 1867 |
3 Jul 1958 |
90 |
|
|
|
Created Baron Bledisloe 15 Oct 1918 |
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|
and Viscount Bledisloe 24 Jun 1935 |
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MP for Wilton 1910-1918. Governor |
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|
General of New Zealand 1930-1935. PC 1926 |
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| 3 Jul 1958 |
|
2 |
Benjamin Ludlow Bathurst |
2 Oct 1899 |
17 Sep 1979 |
79 |
|
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|
| 17 Sep 1979 |
|
3 |
Christopher Hiley Ludlow Bathurst |
24 Jun 1934 |
12 May 2009 |
74 |
|
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|
|
| 12 May 2009 |
|
4 |
Rupert Edward Ludlow Bathurst |
13 Mar 1964 |
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|
BLESSINGTON |
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| 23 Aug 1673 |
V[I] |
1 |
Murrough Boyle |
1648 |
26 Apr 1718 |
69 |
|
|
|
Created Baron Boyle and Viscount |
|
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|
|
Blessington 23 Aug 1673 |
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|
PC [I] 1675 |
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| 26 Apr 1718 |
|
2 |
Charles Boyle |
after 1673 |
2 Jun 1732 |
|
| to |
|
|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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|
| 2 Jun 1732 |
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|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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|
| 7 Dec 1745 |
E[I] |
1 |
William Stewart,3rd Viscount Mountjoy |
7 Apr 1709 |
14 Aug 1769 |
60 |
| to |
|
|
Created Earl of Blessington 7 Dec 1745 |
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|
| 14 Aug 1769 |
|
|
PC [I] 1748 |
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|
|
Peerages extinct on his death |
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|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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|
| 22 Jan 1816 |
E[I] |
1 |
Charles John Gardiner,2nd Viscount Mountjoy |
19 Jul 1782 |
25 May 1829 |
46 |
| to |
|
|
Created Earl of Blessington 22 Jan 1816 |
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|
|
| 25 May 1829 |
|
|
Peerages extinct on his death |
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BLOOD |
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| 31 Jul 1999 |
B[L] |
1 |
May Blood |
26 May 1938 |
|
|
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|
|
Created Baroness Blood for life 31 Jul 1999 |
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|
BLOOMFIELD |
|
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|
| 14 May 1825 |
B[I] |
1 |
Benjamin Bloomfield |
13 Apr 1762 |
15 Aug 1846 |
84 |
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Created Baron Bloomfield 14 May 1825 |
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MP for Plymouth 1812-1818.
PC 1817 |
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| 15 Aug 1846 |
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2 |
John Arthur Douglas Bloomfield |
12 Nov 1802 |
17 Aug 1879 |
76 |
| 7 Aug 1871 |
B |
1 |
Created Baron Bloomfield 7 Aug 1871 |
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| to |
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PC 1860 |
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| 17 Aug 1879 |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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BLOUNT |
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| 3 Dec 1326 |
B |
1 |
Sir Thomas le Blount |
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1330 |
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Summoned to Parliament as Lord |
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Blount 3 Dec 1326 |
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| 1330 |
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2 |
William le Blount |
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after 1366 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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| after 1366 |
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BLUNDELL |
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| 22 Nov 1720 |
V[I] |
1 |
Sir Montague Blundell,4th baronet |
19 Jun 1689 |
19 Aug 1756 |
67 |
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Created Baron Blundell and Viscount |
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| 19 Aug 1756 |
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Blundell 22 Nov 1720 |
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MP for Haslemere 1714 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BLYTH |
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| 19 Jul 1907 |
B |
1 |
Sir James Blyth,1st baronet |
10 Sep 1841 |
8 Feb 1925 |
83 |
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Created Baron Blyth 19 Jul 1907 |
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| 8 Feb 1925 |
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2 |
Herbert William Blyth |
1 Mar 1868 |
27 Feb 1943 |
74 |
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| 27 Feb 1943 |
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3 |
Ian Audley James Blyth |
28 Oct 1905 |
29 Oct 1977 |
72 |
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| 29 Oct 1977 |
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4 |
Anthony Audley Rupert Blyth |
3 Jun 1931 |
20 Jan 2009 |
77 |
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| 20 Jan 2009 |
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5 |
James Audley Ian Blyth |
13 Nov 1970 |
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BLYTH OF ROWINGTON |
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| 24 Jul 1995 |
B[L] |
1 |
James Blyth |
8 May 1940 |
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Created Baron Blyth of Rowington for life |
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24 Jul 1995 |
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BLYTHSWOOD |
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| 24 Aug 1892 |
B |
1 |
Sir Archibald Campbell,1st baronet |
22 Feb 1835 |
8 Jul 1908 |
73 |
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Created Baron Blythswood 24 Aug 1892 |
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MP for Renfrew 1873-1874 and Renfrewshire |
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West 1885-1892 Lord
Lieutenant Renfrew |
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1904-1908 |
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| 8 Jul 1908 |
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2 |
Sholto Campbell |
28 Jun 1839 |
30 Sep 1916 |
77 |
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| 30 Sep 1916 |
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3 |
Barrington Bulkeley Campbell |
18 Feb 1845 |
11 Mar 1918 |
73 |
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| 11 Mar 1918 |
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4 |
Archibald Campbell |
25 Apr 1870 |
14 Nov 1929 |
59 |
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| 14 Nov 1929 |
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5 |
Barrington Sholto Douglas Campbell |
15 Jul 1877 |
3 Mar 1937 |
59 |
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| 3 Mar 1937 |
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6 |
Leopold Colin Henry Douglas Campbell |
5 Mar 1881 |
8 Feb 1940 |
58 |
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| 8 Feb 1940 |
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7 |
Philip Archibald Douglas Campbell |
19 Feb 1919 |
14 Sep 1940 |
21 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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| 14 Sep 1940 |
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BLYTON |
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| 16 Dec 1964 |
B[L] |
1 |
William Reid Blyton |
2 May 1899 |
25 Oct 1987 |
88 |
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Created Baron Blyton for life 16 Dec 1964 |
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| 25 Oct 1987 |
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MP for Houghton le Spring 1945-1964 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BOARDMAN |
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| 10 Jul 1980 |
B[L] |
1 |
Thomas Gray Boardman |
12 Jan 1919 |
10 Mar 2003 |
84 |
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Created Baron Boardman for life 10 Jul 1980 |
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| 10 Mar 2003 |
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MP for Leicester SW 1967-1974 and |
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Leicester South 1974. Minister for |
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Industry 1972-1974, Chief Secretary to the |
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Treasury 1974 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BOATENG |
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| 27 Jun 2010 |
B[L] |
1 |
Paul Yaw Boateng |
14 Jun 1951 |
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Created Baron Boateng for life 27 Jun 2010 |
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MP for Brent South 1987-2005. Chief Secretary |
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to the Treasury 2002-2005.
PC 1999 |
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Lord Charles William de la Poer Beresford, Baron
Beresford |
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Along the south side of Hyde Park in London,
there is a broad track named Rotten Row, the |
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name of which is probably a corruption of the
French, Route de Roi (The King's Road). While |
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the track was formerly very popular with
upper-class horseriders, it has long been the case |
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that, apart from two exceptions, no carriages
were ever allowed to be driven along this route. |
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These exceptions relate to the ruling monarch
and to the Duchess of St. Albans, who have |
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enjoyed this prerogative since the days when it
was granted by Charles II to the notorious |
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Nell Gwynne, from whom the Dukes of St. Alban
are descended. |
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The story goes that, on one occasion, Lord
Charles Beresford made a bet at the Marlborough |
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Club that he would drive down Rotten Row in
broad daylight - in other words, at the time |
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when Rotten Row was most crowded with riders. As
his fellow club-members were aware of the |
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strictness exercised by the police in preventing
carriages entering Rotten Row, his bet was |
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soon taken up. At the appointed hour a number of
men, including those who had accepted the |
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wager, took their places along the railing which
lines the Row to see if Lord Charles would |
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attempt the feat. While they waited, a water
cart came along, sprinkling some of the party |
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with dirty water. When the victims protested in
angry tones, the man on the water-cart pushed |
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back his oilskins to reveal Lord Charles, who
had bribed the usual driver of the water-cart and |
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had thus won his bet. |
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William de Berkeley, 2nd Lord Berkeley [creation
of 1421] and later Marquess of Berkeley |
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In the early 1460s, a long-standing dispute
between William de Berkeley, 2nd Lord Berkeley and |
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Margaret Beauchamp, daughter of Richard
Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick and later wife of John |
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Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury, flared up anew.
At issue was the ownership of Berkeley Castle, |
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together with a number of manors. Berkeley
accused the Countess of plotting to gain possession |
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of Berkeley Castle and of hiring an assassin to
kill him. The Countess denied the charge of |
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plotting to kill Berkeley, but was adamant in
her claim to Berkeley Castle. |
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The feud had started in 1417, on the death of
Thomas de Berkeley, 5th Lord Berkeley of the |
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creation of 1295 and great-uncle to William de
Berkeley. Thomas had married Margaret, heiress |
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of Lord Lisle and had a daughter who married
Richard, Earl of Warwick. Their eldest daughter, |
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in turn, married the Earl of Shrewsbury. Because
Thomas left only daughters, the castle was |
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inherited by James de Berkeley, younger brother
of Thomas, but the Countess of Shrewsbury |
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insisted that the castle should have been
inherited by her. |
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When the Countess died in 1468, all of her
property was left to her grandson, Thomas Talbot, |
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2nd Viscount Lisle [creation of 1451]. He also
inherited his grandmother's dispute with Lord |
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Berkeley. Lisle took up the claims with the
impetuousness of youth (he was aged around 25 at |
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the time). He attempted to gain Berkeley Castle
by bribery, corrupting the Keeper of the Castle, |
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one Thomas Holt, and the Castle's Porter,
Maurice King, into agreeing to deliver up the Castle |
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to Lisle. At the last moment, King got cold feet
about the planned betrayal and disclosed the |
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scheme to his master, Lord Berkeley. |
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In the meantime, Holt had fled to Lisle's house.
Lisle was so enraged and disappointed that he |
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challenged Berkeley to a trial of arms (i.e. a
duel), but Berkeley replied that such a duel would |
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not resolve the ownership dispute. Instead, he
proposed a battle to be fought at Nibley Green |
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(in the Cotswolds, north-east of Bristol) the
next morning, 20 March 1470. |
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Unfortunately for Lisle, Berkeley had his
brothers and their retainers staying him at Berkeley |
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Castle. He had also despatched a message for
help to Bristol, and reinforcements arrived during |
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the night, so that he had around 1000 men to
fight on his behalf. On the other hand, Lisle had |
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only his tenants, around 300 men, poorly armed
and without suits of armour. |
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Berkeley concealed his men in a nearby wood and
when Lisle appeared the folowing morning, |
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Berkeley's archers commenced firing at them.
Lisle had not yet lowered his visor and an arrow |
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pierced his left temple and toppled him off his
horse to the ground, where he was despatched |
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by daggers through the side joints of his
armour. His fall caused his retainers to flee and many |
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were killed as they fled uphill to the local
church, seeking sanctuary. |
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The Battle of Nibley Green is remembered as
being the last battle on English soil that was fought |
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between two private armies. |
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The Berkeley Peerage Case |
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The following account of the Berkeley Peerage
case was written by Dalrymple Belgrave and |
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published in "The Manchester Times" on
18 November 1898. |
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'Frederick Augustus, born in 1745, was the fifth
Earl of Berkeley. This nobleman was a great |
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county magnate and a man of fashion and
pleasure. Though some years his senior he was a |
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great friend of the Prince of Wales, afterwards
George IV. In his day he was a well-known man |
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enough, but nowadays what he will always be
remembered for will be the story of his marriage, |
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which caused the peerage to be practically in
abeyance for more than seventy years after his |
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death. When he died in 1810 there was no
question that he had left three legitimate sons, for in |
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the year 1796 he had been married to their
mother in Marylebone Church, and after that date |
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they were born. But there were other sons born
before that date. Soon after 1796 Lord and |
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Lady Berkeley were doing their best to prove
that when they were married in 1796 they had |
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been for eleven years man and wife. With this
end Lord Berkeley obtained in 1799 a Committee |
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of Privilege of the House of Lords to hear and
perpetuate evidence. |
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'A witness then called was the Rev. Caleb
Carrington, vicar of Berkeley and tutor to Lord |
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Berkeley's sons. He said he had heard of the
earlier marriage; and that he had been informed |
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that the difficulty was that the late vicar of
Berkeley, Mr Hupsman, who had officiated at the |
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marriage - who had been told to keep the
marriage secret - had destroyed the
page in the |
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register in which it had been entered. It was
thought, however, that a careful search might lead |
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to the discovery of the missing entry. With this
purpose Mr. Carrington, who was then staying in |
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London with Lord and Lady Berkeley, on March
7th, 1799, journeyed down to his parish, |
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Berkeley, accompanied by a Mr. Scriven, a
conveyancer, who was to assist him in his search. |
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The parish registers were kept by the curate,
Mr. Lewis, and Mr. Carrington, who went to |
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Berkeley Castle, sent to that gentleman for the
book which contained the marriages between |
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1780 and 1790. From Lord and Lady Berkeley, he
said, he had heard the date of the first |
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marriage, and he also heard that they had been
married by banns which had been published in |
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Berkeley Parish Church |
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'In the book, in which the banns were entered,
he could find no entry where he could have |
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expected it, nor could he find an entry of the
marriage on or about the date he had been told |
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of. The marriages were numbered consecutively,
and the numbers ran on without a break for |
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years after the date of the alleged marriage.
As, however, he turned carefully over the pages |
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of the banns book something attracted his
attention. Two pages were pasted together. With |
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a penknife he divided them and then, to his
delight, he discovered an entry of the publication |
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of the banns. Then he discovered something he
had not noticed before. On the last page of |
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the register the bottom part of a page had been
folded down, and then the whole page had |
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been pasted to the back of the book, so that it
looked as if it was part of the cover. Again |
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Mr. Carrington set to work with his penknife,
and on the piece folded down to his great |
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delight he found the very entry he was in search
of. There was the entry of the marriage of |
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Frederick Augustus, Earl of Berkeley to Mary
Cole, on March 30th, 1785. It was signed by |
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them, by Frederick Hupsman, the vicar, by
William Tudor, and by Richard Barnes, who made |
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his mark. |
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'Mr. Hupsman was dead, but William Tudor, who
was Lady Berkeley's brother, gave his evidence, |
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and swore to having witnessed the marriage and
signed the register. That he had done the |
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latter there was no doubt, but from the first
there was much doubt as to when and under what |
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circumstances he had done it. Mr. Tudor was the
son of a Mr. Cole, who carried on the business |
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of butcher and publican at a village near
Gloucester. He was asked how he came to use the |
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name of Tudor as a witness to the marriage. It
was well known that after she had begun to live |
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with Lord Berkeley, and before the marriage in
1796, Lady Berkeley had been known as Miss |
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Tudor. It was suggested that her brother had
taken the same name that she was called by, but |
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that in 1785 she had never called herself Tudor,
and he never had thought of calling himself by |
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any such name. At first he said that he had been
christened Tudor as his second name, that he |
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had never called himself or signed any other,
and that his sister had taken the name from him. |
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It was proved, however, that by his baptismal
certificate he was not christened Tudor, and that |
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none of his schoolfellows had ever heard of his
going by the name. |
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'The committee, in 1799, was only for hearing of
evidence. In 1810 Lord Berkeley died, and the |
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eldest son, who since 1799 had always been
called Lord Dursley, and treated as the heir to |
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the title, claimed the Earldom of Berkeley. The
claim was resisted by the Attorney-General, and |
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by members of the Berkeley family, though as
three sons had been born since the marriage of |
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1796, there did not seem to be much prospect of
the title ever going to anyone else. The |
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estates had been left to the eldest son, who was
recognised by his father as having been born |
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in wedlock. The witnesses who had given their
evidence before repeated it. The most important |
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witness for the claimant was Lady Berkeley. She
said that when she was a girl at a school at |
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Gloucester, Lord Berkeley, who was commanding
the militia there, used to follow her about and |
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pay her attentions. After she went into service,
first into the service of Lady Talbot, and after- |
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wards that of a Mrs Foote, the wife of a
clergyman in Kent, Lord Berkeley wrote letters to her |
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and on one occasion she met him at a village in
Kent, near where she was in service. He then |
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offered to marry her and it was agreed that she
should marry him. |
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'Their banns were put up at Berkeley Church. The
day before they were married she came down |
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from London and stayed near Berkeley. The next
morning she went to Berkeley Church, and was |
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married to Lord Berkeley by Mr. Hupsman, the
vicar of Berkeley. There were present her brother, |
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Mr. Hupsman, and a man of the name of Barnes,
who made his mark in the register. Mr. Hupsman |
|
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|
brought him to act as clerk and as a witness.
She believed that he was a stranger to the place, |
|
|
|
and knew that the claimant had failed in finding
out anything about [him] or anyone who knew |
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|
him. She said that on account of the
circumstances of the life of one of her sisters, who was |
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|
living with a gentleman to whom she was not
married, it was agreed that the marriage should be |
|
|
|
kept secret. Afterwards her sister married, but
Lord Berkeley, when she pressed him to |
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|
|
acknowledge the marriage, said it could not be
done, as Mr. Hupsman, to keep the marriage |
|
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|
secret, had destroyed the register. On his
death-bed Lord Berkeley confessed to her that when |
|
|
|
he married her he never intended to own [up to]
the marriage. There were several witnesses |
|
|
|
called to swear to the handwriting in the
register of the marriage, which they said was that of |
|
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|
Mr. Hupsman. There were one or two witnesses who
said that they had always heard that Lord |
|
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|
and Lady Berkeley were married before 1796. It
really was common ground that though she lived |
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|
|
at Cranfield, Lord Berkeley's place near
Uxbridge, and afterwards at Berkeley Castle, she was |
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|
never visited by any ladies of position, or
treated as his wife. |
|
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'One witness, who gave rather striking evidence,
was a Captain West, a man of fashion and a |
|
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|
friend of the Prince of Wales, and also of Lord
Berkeley. He said that in 1796 he was staying |
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|
with Lord Berkeley, Miss Tudor, as she was
called, being with him, and Lord Berkeley said: |
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|
"Shall we tell him a secret?" He said
"What is the secret?" and Lord Berkeley answered: "We |
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|
have been married for more than ten years."
He asked if they had been married before their |
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|
eldest son was born, and Lord Berkeley said they
had. He said he would tell the Prince of Wales, |
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|
and Lord Berkeley agreed to this. When he
afterwards heard of the second marriage and |
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|
expressed his surprise, Lord Berkeley said that
there was no law that prevented a man marrying |
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|
the same woman as often as he pleased. |
|
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'On the other side an attorney, a Mr. Pitt, said
that after the day when Mr. Carrington had |
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|
professed to have found the entry of the
marriage, he had searched the register for it, but had |
|
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|
failed to find it. Mr. Carrington had left the
register at Berkeley Castle. A few weeks afterwards |
|
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|
Mr. Pitt again searched the register and he
found the page at once. There were the certificates |
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|
of baptism of the three eldest children, who
were described as the sons of Lord Berkeley and |
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|
Mary Cole, as if they were not born in wedlock,
while the first son after the marriage was |
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|
described in the register of baptisms as Lord
Dursley. Then there was evidence to show that |
|
|
|
Lord Berkeley was not at Berkeley on the day of
the alleged marriage. A Mrs. Hicks, who was a |
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|
|
daughter of Mr. Hupsman, said that her father
was on very friendly terms with Lord Berkeley. In |
|
|
|
February, 1785, she and her father had gone to
London with Lord Berkeley and his friend, |
|
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|
Admiral Prescott. She had gone on a visit of
eight weeks to Lord Craven's house and on April |
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|
3rd she had returned to Berkeley with Lord
Berkeley and Admiral Prescott in his lordship's |
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|
travelling carriage. For some days before they
went down to Berkeley Lord Berkeley was in |
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|
London. The banns were supposed to have been
published in the autumn before the marriage, |
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|
and she said she must have been in church every
Sunday that autumn, but she had never heard |
|
|
|
the banns of Lord Berkeley being published. As
to this point, and the visit to London, her mother |
|
|
|
corroborated her. Many witnesses, who were every
Sunday at church, swore that the banns |
|
|
|
were never published, and for the claimant all
the evidence on this point was that Mr. Hupsman |
|
|
|
used to read the banns out very quickly after
the second lesson, when the congregation were |
|
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|
making a noise by getting up on their feet. One
witness said that he had heard more than |
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|
twenty years before that Lord Berkeley's banns
were read out in Berkeley Church, but he could |
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|
not say he had heard them. |
|
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'An important witness was an old clergyman of
seventy-five, a Mr. Chapeau, who had evidently |
|
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|
been on very friendly terms with Lord Berkeley.
He used to live near Cranfield. He would shoot |
|
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|
and ride with Lord Berkeley, and dine at the
house day after day. Some of the witnesses for the |
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|
claimant tried to make out that that he was not
really a friend of Lord Berkeley. "I considered |
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|
him rather," said Captain West, "a
person permitted to dine when there was no company," |
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|
while another witness described him as a person
with whom Lord Berkeley would joke, calling him |
|
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|
Mr. Crapaud, and would come into the
drawing-room after dinner and say: "Here comes old |
|
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|
Scrapo," but he really would not be
seriously friendly with him. None the less, however, it was |
|
|
|
clear that he was very intimate with his
lordship, and his evidence was most important. He had |
|
|
|
dined at Cranfield when Miss Tudor, as she was
then called, was there, and he was well aware |
|
|
|
that she was not treated as his lordship's wife.
He remembered that one occasion he was |
|
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|
|
present when Miss Tudor was discharging a
maid-servant and persuading the girl to go to her |
|
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|
friends in the country, telling her that she
would pay her coach-fare if she would go. The girl |
|
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|
said she liked to stay in London better. Miss
Tudor said to Mr. Chapeau that the girl would be |
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|
sure to fall a prey to some man, and then she
added: "In this situation I was once myself." |
|
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'Once, she said, she had to leave her place and
she went to the house of her married sister. |
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|
She found her sister ill and very poor and her
children ill and dirty, and the house uncomfortable, |
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|
and she had hard work to help her sister, and
hard living. She did not like this, so she went to |
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|
the house where her other sister Susan lived.
When she got to the house, as she held the |
|
|
|
knocker in her hand, she remembered that their
mother had told them not to speak to her sister |
|
|
|
Susan again. She laid the knocker down quietly
and walked back. Then she thought of how |
|
|
|
wretched the place was where she was going, her
sister ill, and her sister's children famished |
|
|
|
with hunger. Then she went back and took up the
knocker and gave it a loud rap. Her sister |
|
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|
Susan came to the door dressed in all the
paraphenalia of a fine lady going to the opera. She |
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|
|
took her in her arms, carried her into parlour,
and gave her refreshment. Then she dressed her |
|
|
|
in fine clothes and took her to the opera. That
evening Lord Berkeley and several gentlemen |
|
|
|
came to supper at her sister's, and some
evenings afterwards while they were at supper the |
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|
bailiffs suddenly came in and seized her sister
for a hundred pounds debt. Just then Lord |
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|
Berkeley came into the room. She and her sister
both begged Lord Berkeley to pay the debt. He |
|
|
|
would only do so on one condition, and it ended
by his agreeing to pay it on her consenting to |
|
|
|
become his mistress. "I was as much
sold," she said, "as any lamb that goes to the shambles." |
|
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|
He [Chapeau] had another story to tell which
seemed to throw a good deal of light on the |
|
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|
case. Once, when he and Lord Berkeley were out
riding together, Lord Berkeley seemed very |
|
|
|
low-spirited, and said: "Oh. dear Chapeau,
I am very unhappy. I knew an old friend of mine by |
|
|
|
the name of Smith, who was a son of the Duke of
Dorset, born out of wedlock. That man was |
|
|
|
my school-fellow, and a man I loved exceedingly.
Whenever I think of him I am always unhappy. |
|
|
|
I attended him all through his illness. He drank
himself to death because he was disappointed |
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|
|
about his title. Believe me, my children shall
never experience such villiany through my means." |
|
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'He could not remember the date of this
conversation, but he remembered it was when they |
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|
|
were riding out together through the
pleasure-grounds where the children were playing with |
|
|
|
their little barrows and toys. Once he saw Lady
Berkeley punishing one of the children, and |
|
|
|
heard her say: "You little dog, though I am
not your father's wife, I will let you know through life |
|
|
|
that I am your mother." Another witness was
a Mr. Fendale, a barrister of the Oxford circuit. He |
|
|
|
remembered being at Gloucester for the July
Quarter Sessions in the year 1785. One day after |
|
|
|
court he went out for a walk, and he saw two
young women looking out of a window. He looked |
|
|
|
up at them, and he kissed his hand, for one of
them was a very pretty woman. They gave him |
|
|
|
no encouragement, but he seems to have been
possessed of an assurance that must have |
|
|
|
stood him in good stead in his profession for he
coolly opened the door of their house and walked |
|
|
|
up to the room where they were. One of them, he
said, was a Mrs. Farren, the wife of a man |
|
|
|
who had been a lawyer's clerk, and afterwards
became a butcher. |
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'The very pretty woman was her sister, Mary
Cole, who afterwards became Lady Berkeley. He |
|
|
|
managed to make himself agreeable to the two
sisters, and expressed his admiration of the |
|
|
|
pretty one with great freedom, and took tea with
them. The next day he called again and had |
|
|
|
tea, and he called a third time, on the
following day. On two occasions he saw Mary Cole by |
|
|
|
herself, and then expressed his admiration very
warmly, and on his third visit he was trying to |
|
|
|
kiss her - which he admitted in evidence that
she did not consent to - when the door opened, |
|
|
|
and Mr. Farren came in. The next day he had to
go to Worcester to the assizes, and from |
|
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|
Worcester he wrote the lady a letter which she
answered. His own letter was a love letter, |
|
|
|
asking her to meet him by herself somewhere. She
answered it, but he had not [kept] the |
|
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|
answer. He could remember how it began.
"Maria, with an equal mind, sits down to answer the |
|
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|
letter she has received," and it went on to
ask why, if, as he declared, his intentions were |
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|
honourable, he had any objection to her being
accompanied by her sister when she went to |
|
|
|
meet him. 'He said there was no impropriety in
her conduct, but that there was nothing in it that |
|
|
|
suggested that she was a married woman. |
|
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|
'Another witness was a Miss Price, who had been
governess to the children. She said that she |
|
|
|
had several times overheard Lady Berkeley trying
to persuade Lord Berkeley to marry her. Then |
|
|
|
she said that she remembered that one day before
the second marriage Lady Berkeley telling |
|
|
|
her that she gained her point. She did not know
at the time the day the marriage was |
|
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|
celebrated, but she remembered noticing Lady
Berkeley's servant picking out the letter "T" |
|
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|
which had been embroidered on her ladyship's
clothes, and putting a "B" and a coronet upon |
|
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|
them. Then Miss Price said she had often seen
Mr. Tudor, Lady Berkeley's brother, and that she |
|
|
|
remembered him when the news came to Lady
Berkeley that he had married someone in a very |
|
|
|
humble position of life, Lady Berkeley was very
angry and excited, and she showed her the |
|
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|
|
letter she had received from him. She remembered
that Tudor wrote that he "had done what |
|
|
|
your Rogue of Quality dare not do, married to
protect innocence and virtue." Miss Price also |
|
|
|
said that she remembered Tudor telling her he
had never been to Berkeley. She also said that |
|
|
|
in January, 1799, she remembered Tudor coming to
stay at Berkeley Castle, and saying that he |
|
|
|
had never been there before and that when he
went into the church he said that he had never |
|
|
|
been into it before. She also said that one day,
during Tudor's visit, he and Lord and Lady |
|
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|
|
Berkeley were shut up all day in one of the
upstairs rooms engaged in planning and doing some- |
|
|
|
thing, and that a blind had been put up in the
room in which they were, so that no one could |
|
|
|
see across into the room from another part of
the castle which faced it. Altogether, Miss Price |
|
|
|
seemed to have had a suspiciously happy knack of
overhearing secrets. In her cross-examination |
|
|
|
she had to admit to having written a letter to
Lady Berkeley complaining of some treatment she |
|
|
|
had received from her, and reminding her that
"she had it in her power to be her ladyship's |
|
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|
|
greatest enemy." |
|
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|
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|
|
'A much more important witness against the
claimant was the Marquis of Buckingham. Lord |
|
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|
|
Berkeley had several times talked to him about
his children as not being legitimate, and of the |
|
|
|
peerage going after his death to Admiral
Berkeley. He had also talked about the property, as if |
|
|
|
he would like to leave Berkeley Castle to one of
his sons. Lord Buckingham said that he urged |
|
|
|
that Berkeley Castle ought to go with the
peerage, and he had advised him to let the estates |
|
|
|
go with the peerage, but to provide for his
children out of them. Lord Berkeley replied that he |
|
|
|
had a plan, and that he told him that besides
the boys, there was another child, a girl. He |
|
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|
|
suggested that this child might marry Admiral
Berkeley's eldest son. Lord Buckingham pointed |
|
|
|
out that, under the circumstances of her birth,
Admiral Berkeley might not approve of the way |
|
|
|
that she would be brought up. He had then said
that she might be brought up in Admiral |
|
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|
|
Berkeley's family. He said he would mention the
suggestion to Admiral Berkeley, but shortly |
|
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|
|
after that Lord Berkeley informed him that the
little girl had died, so that there was an end of |
|
|
|
the plan. The Marquis of Buckingham also said
that Lord Berkeley had asked him to be guardian |
|
|
|
to his children, but he had refused because of
their being natural children. The Marquis also said |
|
|
|
that he was well acquainted with Lord Berkeley's
handwriting, and then he was shown the |
|
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|
|
register of Berkeley, and in reply to questions
he answered that "he was sorry to say he believed |
|
|
|
that the whole of the register of the marriage,
with the exception of the signature William |
|
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|
|
Tudor, was in Lord Berkeley's handwriting."
The Marquis of Buckingham was the last important |
|
|
|
witness called. |
|
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|
'After hearing all the evidence, Lord Eldon, who
was then Lord Chancellor, gave judgement |
|
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|
|
on behalf of the committee that the claim had
not been made out. But though the lords |
|
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|
|
would not admit the claim to have been made,
Lord Berkeley's sons were always loyal to the |
|
|
|
theory that the story told by their mother was
the truth. When [Thomas] Moreton [Fitzhardinge] |
|
|
|
Berkeley, the eldest of the sons, who was born
after the second marriage, grew up, he refused |
|
|
|
to take the title which the decision of the
Committee of Privilege had given to him, or to take his |
|
|
|
seat in the House of Lords. His next brother,
the Honourable [George Charles] Grantly |
|
|
|
|
[Fitzhardinge] Berkeley, who was well known as a
sportsman, and was for years a familiar figure |
|
|
|
in the House of Commons [he was MP for
Gloucestershire West from 1832 to 1852], for most of |
|
|
|
his life refused to acknowledge there was any
doubt about the legitimacy of his elder brother's |
|
|
|
birth, though towards the end of his life,
having quarrelled with him, he seemed to find a |
|
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|
|
satisfaction in attacking his brother's
legitimacy at the expense of his parents' honour. The |
|
|
|
youngest brother, Craven [Fitzhardinge]
Berkeley, who was also for a great many years a |
|
|
|
|
member of Parliament [Cheltenham 1832-1847, 1848
and 1852-1855] also always supported the |
|
|
|
claims of his eldest brother. The latter was for
some years a member of Parliament [he was |
|
|
|
actually a member for less than three months in
1810 for Gloucestershire] and he was then |
|
|
|
given a peerage as Lord Seagrave [in reality
Segrave of Berkeley Castle], afterwards being |
|
|
|
created Earl of Fitzharding [in reality Earl
Fitzhardinge, without the 'of']. When he died without |
|
|
|
children the matter was raised again by the
second son, who, on his brother's death, came into |
|
|
|
the property. This brother, who had gone into
the navy and had become an admiral, claimed a |
|
|
|
barony of Berkeley, which went not by descent,
but by tenure of Berkeley Castle. For this claim |
|
|
|
there was some ancient evidence, but against it
there was a resolution of the House of Lords, |
|
|
|
at the end of the seventeenth century,refusing
to admit the existence of such a thing as a |
|
|
|
peerage by tenure [see 'The Tenures Abolition
Act' of 1660]. The House of Lords decided |
|
|
|
|
against the peerage by tenure, but he was
afterwards created the Earl of Fitzharding [sic]. He |
|
|
|
died, leaving a son and heir, who was the father
of the present Earl Fitzharding. Of the three |
|
|
|
sons born after the marriage of 1796, Craven
Berkeley died first [in 1855]. He had married |
|
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|
|
twice, but had only left one daughter. Grantly
Berkeley had two sons who, however, died |
|
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|
|
before he did [in 1881] in the lifetime of his
brother, Moreton Berkeley. The latter never |
|
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|
|
married, so when he died in 1882 there was no
male issue left of the marriage of 1796. |
|
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|
|
'Under these circumstances the earldom went to
George Lennox Rawdon Berkeley, a grandson |
|
|
|
of the Admiral Rawdon Berkeley, who would have
inherited the peerage if the Lord Berkeley, |
|
|
|
who afterwards married Mary Cole, had died
without lawful issue, though the barony of |
|
|
|
|
Berkeley descended to the daughter of Mr. Craven
Berkeley. No question was raised at the time, |
|
|
|
and the next Earl of Berkeley enjoyed the
peerage for his life. |
|
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|
'On his death, in 1888, however, Lord
Fitzharding[e] claimed against the son of the late Earl, and |
|
|
|
again alleged the marriage, in 1785, between
Lord Berkeley and Mary Cole. Again the question |
|
|
|
came before a Committee of Privilege. There was
not much new evidence, but the expert in |
|
|
|
handwriting, a personage who had developed since
1811, was put forward to show that the |
|
|
|
entry in the register was in Mr. Hupsman's
handwriting. That was all the evidence on which the |
|
|
|
second Committee, which sat in 1892, was asked
to reverse the decision of Lord Eldon, and the |
|
|
|
Committee of 1811, who had the advantage of
hearing the evidence and inquiring into the |
|
|
|
|
matter only a comparatively few years after the
circumstances had occurred. There could not |
|
|
|
have been much hope of success, and when the
matter had been argued upon , and the |
|
|
|
|
evidence heard, two Law Lords of the Committee,
Lord Halsbury and Lord Bramwell, discussed |
|
|
|
the old evidence at length, and gave the reasons
which satisfied them that the decision of the |
|
|
|
Committee of Privilege, which sat in 1811, was a
correct one.' |
|
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|
|
For further information on Thomas Moreton
Fitzhardinge Berkeley, see the note at the foot of |
|
|
|
the page containing details of the members of
the House of Commons for Gloucestershire. |
|
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|
************************** |
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|
The following anecdote concerning the 5th Earl
of Berkeley is taken from "Collections and |
|
|
|
|
Recollections, by One Who has Kept a Diary"
published anonymously (but whose author was |
|
|
|
George William Erskine Russell, MP) in 1898. |
|
|
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|
|
'Another story of highway robbery which excited
me when I was a boy was that of the fifth |
|
|
|
Earl of Berkeley, who died in 1810. He had
always declared that anyone without disgrace |
|
|
|
|
might be overcome by superior numbers, but that
he would never surrender to a single |
|
|
|
|
highwayman. As he was crossing Hounslow Heath
one night, on his way from Berkeley Castle to |
|
|
|
London, his travelling carriage was stopped by a
man on horseback, who put his head in the |
|
|
|
window and said, "I believe you are Lord
Berkeley?" "I am." "I believe you have always
boasted |
|
|
|
that you would never surrender to a single
highwayman?" "I
have." "Well,"
presenting a pistol, |
|
|
|
"I am a single highwayman, and I say 'Your
money or your life' " "You
cowardly dog," said |
|
|
|
|
Lord Berkeley, "do you think that I can't
see your confederate skulking behind you?" The |
|
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|
|
highwayman, who was really alone, looked
hurriedly around, and Lord Berkeley shot him |
|
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|
|
through the head.' |