<
PEERAGE
Last updated 07/04/2010
     Date Rank Order Name Born Died  Age
SAATCHI
4 Oct 1996 B[L] 1 Maurice Saatchi 21 Jun 1946
Created Baron Saatchi for life 4 Oct 1996
SACKS
1 Sep 2009 B[L] 1 Jonathan Henry Sacks 8 Mar 1948
Created Baron Sacks for life 1 Sep 2009
Chief Rabbi of the UK and the Commonwealth 1991-
SACKVILLE
11 Feb 1782 V 1 Lord George Germain (Sackville until 1770) 26 Jan 1716 26 Aug 1785 69
Created Baron Bolebrooke and 
Viscount Sackville 11 Feb 1782
MP for Dover 1741-1761, Hythe 1761-1768
and East Grinstead 1768-1782. 
Chief Secretary for Ireland 1751-1755.
PC [I] 1751  PC 1758  President of the 
Board of Trade 1775-1779. Secretary of 
State for the Colonies 1779-1782
26 Aug 1785 2 Charles Sackville-Germain,Duke of Dorset 27 Aug 1767 29 Jul 1843 75
to     Peerages extinct on his death
29 Jul 1843
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2 Oct 1876 B 1 Mortimer Sackville-West 22 Sep 1820 1 Oct 1888 68
Created Baron Sackville 2 Oct 1876
1 Oct 1888 2 Lionel Sackville Sackville-West 19 Jul 1827 3 Sep 1908 81
For further information on this peer, see the
note at the foot of this page.
3 Sep 1908 3 Lionel Edward Sackville-West 15 May 1867 28 Jan 1928 60
For further information on this peer's wife, see the
note at the foot of this page.
28 Jan 1928 4 Charles John Sackville-West 10 Aug 1870 9 May 1962 91
9 May 1962 5 Edward Charles Sackville-West 13 Nov 1901 4 Jul 1965 63
4 Jul 1965 6 Lionel Bertrand Sackville-West 30 May 1913 27 Mar 2004 90
27 Mar 2004 7 Robert Bertrand Sackville-West 10 Jul 1958
SAINSBURY
3 May 1962 B[L] 1 Alan John Sainsbury 13 Aug 1902 21 Oct 1998 96
to     Created Baron Sainsbury 3 May 1962
21 Oct 1998 Peerage extinct on his death
SAINSBURY OF PRESTON CANDOVER
31 Jul 1989 B[L] 1 John Davan Sainsbury 2 Nov 1927
Created Baron Sainsbury of Preston
Candover 31 Jul 1989
KG 1992
SAINSBURY OF TURVILLE
3 Oct 1997 B[L] 1 David John Sainsbury 24 Oct 1940
Created Baron Sainsbury of Turville
3 Oct 1997
ST.ALBANS
27 Jan 1621 V 1 Francis Bacon 22 Jan 1561 9 Apr 1626 65
to     Created Baron Verulam 11 Jul 1618 
9 Apr 1626 and Viscount Saint Albans 27 Jan 1621
MP for Melcombe Regis 1584-1586, Taunton
1586-1587, Liverpool 1588-1589, Middlesex
1592-1593, Ipswich 1597-1598, 1601,1604-
1611 and Cambridge 1614. Solicitor General
1607-1613. Attorney General 1613-1617.
Lord Chancellor 1618-1621.
Peerages extinct on his death
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23 Aug 1628 E 1 Richard Bourke,Earl of Clanricarde c 1572 12 Nov 1635
Created Baron of Somerhill and
Viscount Tunbridge 3 Apr 1624 and 
Baron of Imanney,Viscount Galway and
Earl of St.Albans 23 Aug 1628
12 Nov 1635 2 Ulick Bourke,Earl of Clanricarde Dec 1604 Jul 1657 52
to     Peerage extinct on his death
Jul 1657
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27 Apr 1660 E 1 Henry Jermyn,Baron Jermyn 2 Jan 1684
to     Created Earl of St.Albans 27 Apr 1660
2 Jan 1684 KG 1672
Peerage extinct on his death
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10 Jan 1684 D 1 Charles Beauclerk 8 May 1670 10 May 1726 56
Created Baron Hedington and Earl of
Burford 27 Dec 1676,and Duke of 
St. Albans 10 Jan 1684
illegitimate son of Charles II. Lord 
Lieutenant Berkshire 1714-1726. KG 1718
10 May 1726 2 Charles Beauclerk 6 Apr 1696 27 Jul 1751 55
MP for Bodmin 1718-1722 and Windsor
1722-1726. Lord Lieutenant Berkshire
1727-1751.  KG 1741
27 Jul 1751 3 George Beauclerk 25 Jun 1730 1 Feb 1786 55
Lord Lieutenant Berkshire 1751-1761
and 1771-1786
1 Feb 1786 4 George Beauclerk 5 Dec 1758 15 Feb 1787 28
15 Feb 1787 5 Aubrey Beauclerk,2nd Baron Vere of Hanworth 3 Jun 1740 9 Feb 1802 61
MP for Thetford 1761-1768 and
Aldborough 1768-1774
9 Feb 1802 6 Aubrey Beauclerk 21 Aug 1765 12 Aug 1815 49
MP for Hull 1790-1796
12 Aug 1815 7 Aubrey Beauclerk 7 Apr 1815 19 Feb 1816 -    
19 Feb 1816 8 William Beauclerk 18 Dec 1766 17 Jul 1825 58
17 Jul 1825 9 William Aubrey de Vere Beauclerk 24 Mar 1801 26 May 1849 48
26 May 1849 10 William Amelius Aubrey de Vere Beauclerk 15 Apr 1840 10 May 1898 58
PC 1869.  Lord Lieutenant Nottingham
1880-1898
10 May 1898 11 Charles Victor Albert Aubrey de Vere
Beauclerk 26 Mar 1870 19 Sep 1934 64
19 Sep 1934 12 Osborne de Vere Beauclerk 16 Oct 1874 2 Mar 1964 89
For further information on this peer, see the note
at the foot of this page
2 Mar 1964 13 Charles Frederick Aubrey de Vere
Beauclerk 16 Aug 1915 8 Oct 1988 73
For further information on this peer, see the note
at the foot of this page
8 Oct 1988 14 Murray de Vere Beauclerk 19 Jan 1939
ST.ALDWYN
22 Feb 1915 E 1 Sir Michael Edward Hicks-Beach,9th baronet 23 Oct 1837 30 Apr 1916 78
Created Viscount St.Aldwyn 6 Jan 1906
and Viscount Quenington and Earl
St.Aldwyn 22 Feb 1915
MP for Gloucestershire East 1864-1885
and Bristol West 1885-1906. Chief 
Secretary for Ireland 1874-1878. Secretary
of State for Colonies 1878-1880.Chancellor 
of the Exchequer 1885-1886. Chief Secretary
for Ireland 1886-1887. President of the
Board of Trade 1888-1892. Chancellor of the
Exchequer 1895-1902. PC 1874  PC [I] 1874
30 Apr 1916 2 Michael John Hicks-Beach 9 Oct 1912 29 Jan 1992 79
PC 1959
29 Jan 1992 3 Michael Henry Hicks Beach 7 Feb 1950
ST.AMAND
29 Dec 1299 B 1 Almaric de St.Amand 29 Jul 1310
to     Summoned to Parliament as Lord
29 Jul 1310 St.Amand 29 Dec 1299
Peerage extinct on his death
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8 Jan 1313 B 1 John de St.Amand Jan 1330
Summoned to Parliament as Lord
St.Amand 8 Jan 1313
Jan 1330 2 Amauri de St.Amand c 1314 11 Sep 1381
11 Sep 1381 3 Amauri de St.Amand c 1341 13 Jun 1402
to     On his death the peerage fell into abeyance
13 Jun 1402
15 Dec 1416 4 Gerard Braybrooke 15 Apr 1422
to     He became sole heir in 1416. On his death
15 Apr 1422 the peerage again fell into abeyance
1428 5 Elizabeth Braybrooke 2 Dec 1491
She became sole heir in 1428. She
married William Beauchamp who was
summoned to Parliament as Lord St.
Amand 2 Jan 1469
2 Dec 1491 6 Richard Beauchamp Jul 1508
to     Peerage extinct on his death
Jul 1508
ST.ANDREWS
12 Oct 1934 E 1 H.R.H. George Edward Alexander Edmund 20 Dec 1902 25 Aug 1942 39
Created Baron Downpatrick,Earl of
St.Andrews and Duke of Kent
12 Oct 1934
See "Kent"
ST.ASAPH
14 May 1730 V 1 John Ashburnham,Baron Ashburnham 13 Mar 1687 10 Mar 1736 48
Created Viscount St.Asaph and Earl of
Ashburnham 14 May 1730
See "Ashburnham"
ST.AUDRIES
22 Jun 1911 B 1 Sir Alexander Fuller-Acland-Hood,4th baronet 26 Sep 1853 4 Jun 1917 63
Created Baron St.Audries 22 Jan 1911
MP for Somerset West 1892-1911.  PC 1904
4 Jun 1917 2 Alexander Peregrine Fuller-Acland-Hood 24 Dec 1893 16 Oct 1971 77
to     Peerage extinct on his death
16 Oct 1971
ST.BRIDES
8 Feb 1977 B[L] 1 John Morrice Cairns James 30 Apr 1916 26 Nov 1989 73
to     Created Baron St.Brides 8 Feb 1977
26 Nov 1989 PC 1968
Peerage extinct on his death
ST.COLME
7 Mar 1611 B[S] 1 Henry Stewart 12 Jul 1612
Created Lord St.Colme 7 Mar 1611
12 Jul 1612 2 James Stewart c 1620
to     Peerage extinct on his death
c 1620
ST.CYRES
3 Jul 1885 V 1 Stafford Henry Northcote 27 Oct 1818 12 Jan 1887 68
Created Viscount St.Cyres and Earl of
Iddesleigh 3 Jul 1885
See "Iddesleigh"
SAINT DAVIDS
17 Jun 1918 V 1 Sir John Wynford Philipps,13th baronet 30 May 1860 28 Mar 1938 77
Created Baron St.Davids 6 Jul 1908
and Viscount St.Davids 17 Jun 1918
MP for Lanarkshire Mid 1888-1894 and
Pembrokeshire 1898-1908.  PC 1914
Lord Lieutenant Pembroke 1911-1932
28 Mar 1938 2 Jestyn Reginald Austen Plantagenet Philipps 19 Feb 1917 10 Jun 1991 74
10 Jun 1991 3 Colwyn Jestyn John Philipps 20 Jan 1939 26 Apr 2009 70
26 Apr 2009 4 Rhodri Colwyn Philipps,4th Viscount St.Davids 16 Sep 1966
SAINT GEORGE
18 Apr 1715 B[I] 1 Sir George Saint-George,2nd baronet c 1658 18 Aug 1735
to     Created Baron Saint George 
18 Aug 1735 18 Apr 1715
PC [I] 1715
Peerage extinct on his death
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19 Apr 1763 B[I] 1 St.George Saint-George c 1715 2 Jan 1775
to     Created Baron Saint George 
2 Jan 1775 19 Apr 1763
Peerage extinct on his death
ST. GERMANS
30 Jan 1784 B 1 Edward Eliot (Craggs-Eliot from 1789) 8 Jul 1727 17 Feb 1804 76
Created Baron Eliot of St.Germans
30 Jan 1784
MP for St.Germans 1748-1768, Liskeard
1768-1774, St.Germans 1774-1775 and
Cornwall 1775-1784
17 Feb 1804 2 John Eliot 30 Sep 1761 17 Nov 1823 62
28 Nov 1815 E 1 Created Earl of St.Germans 
28 Nov 1815
MP for Liskeard 1784-1804
17 Nov 1823 2 William Eliot 1 Apr 1767 19 Jan 1845 77
MP for St.Germans 1791-1802 and Liskeard
1802-1823
19 Jan 1845 3 Edward Granville Eliot 29 Aug 1798 7 Oct 1877 79
MP for Liskeard 1824-1832 and Cornwall 
East 1837-1845. Chief Secretary for Ireland
1841-1845. Postmaster General 1845-1846. 
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1853-1855.  
PC 1841. PC [I] 1841
7 Oct 1877 4 William Gordon Cornwallis Eliot 14 Dec 1829 19 Mar 1881 51
MP for Devonport 1866-1868
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
Acceleration as Baron Eliot 14 Sep 1870
19 Mar 1881 5 Henry Cornwallis Eliot 11 Feb 1835 24 Sep 1911 76
For information of the death of his son and heir,
Lord Eliot,see the note at the foot of this page
24 Sep 1911 6 John Granville Cornwallis Eliot 11 Jun 1890 31 Mar 1922 31
31 Mar 1922 7 Granville John Eliot 22 Sep 1867 20 Nov 1942 75
20 Nov 1942 8 Montague Charles Eliot 13 May 1870 19 Sep 1960 90
19 Sep 1960 9 Nicholas Richard Michael Eliot 26 Jan 1914 11 Mar 1988 74
For further information on this peer, see the note
at the foot of this page
11 Mar 1988 10 Peregrine Nicholas Eliot 2 Jan 1941
ST.HELENS
26 Jan 1791 B[I] 1 Alleyne Fitzherbert 1 Mar 1753 19 Feb 1839 85
31 Jul 1801 B 1 Created Baron St.Helens [I] 26 Jan 1791
to     and Baron St.Helens [UK] 31 Jul 1801
19 Feb 1839 Chief Secretary for Ireland 1787-1789. 
PC 1787  PC [I] 1787
Peerage extinct on his death
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30 Dec 1964 B 1 Michael Henry Colin Hughes-Young 28 Oct 1912 27 Dec 1980 68
Created Baron St.Helens 30 Dec 1964
MP for Wandsworth Central 1955-1964
27 Dec 1980 2 Richard Francis Hughes-Young 4 Nov 1945
ST.HELIER
23 Feb 1905 B 1 Francis Henry Jeune 17 Mar 1843 9 Apr 1905 62
to     Created Baron St.Helier 23 Feb 1905
9 Apr 1905 Judge Advocate General 1892-1904.  PC 1892
Peerage extinct on his death
ST.JOHN
9 Mar 1539 B 1 William Paulet c 1483 10 Mar 1572
Created Baron Saint John 9 Mar 1539,
Earl of Wiltshire 19 Jan 1550 and 
Marquess of Winchester 11 Oct 1551
See "Winchester"
                     *************  
4 Oct 1544 John Paulet c 1510 4 Nov 1576
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
Acceleration as Baron St. John 4 Oct 1544
He succeeded as Marquess of Winchester (qv)
in 1572
                     *************
5 May 1572 William Paulet 1533 24 Nov 1598 65
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
Acceleration as Baron St. John 5 May 1572
He succeeded as Marquess of Winchester (qv)
in 1576
                     *************
10 Feb 1624 John Paulet c 1598 5 Mar 1675
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
Acceleration as Baron St. John 10 Feb 1624
He succeeded as Marquess of Winchester (qv)
in 1629
                     *************
2 Jul 1716 V 1 Sir Henry St.John,4th baronet 17 Oct 1652 8 Apr 1742 89
Created Baron St.John of Battersea 
and Viscount St.John 2 Jul 1716
MP for Wootton Basset 1679-1695 and
1698-1700, and Wiltshire 1695-1698
8 Apr 1742 2 John St.John 3 May 1702 26 Nov 1748 46
MP for Wootton Basset 1727-1734
26 Nov 1748 3 Frederick St.John 5 May 1787
He succeeded to the Viscountcy of
Bolingbroke (qv) in 1751 with which title
this peerage then merged
ST.JOHN DE BASING
29 Dec 1299 B 1 John St.John 14 May 1329
Summoned to Parliament as Lord
St.John de Basing 29 Dec 1299
14 May 1329 2 Hugh St.John 1337
1337 3 Edmund St.John 1347
to     On his death the peerage fell into abeyance
1347
1361 4 Isabel 16 Oct 1393
She married Lucas de Poynings who was
summoned in her right. He died c 1385
16 Oct 1393 5 Thomas Poynings 13 Mar 1429
to     On his death the peerage again fell
13 Mar 1429 into abeyance
ST.JOHN OF BLETSO
13 Jan 1559 B 1 Oliver St.John 23 May 1582
Created Baron St.John of Bletso
13 Jan 1559
23 May 1582 2 John St.John 23 Oct 1596
23 Oct 1596 3 Oliver St.John c 1540 Jun 1618
Jun 1618 4 Oliver St.John,Earl of Bolingbroke c 1584 Jun 1646
14 May 1641 5 Oliver St.John 23 Oct 1642
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
Acceleration as Baron St.John of Bletso
14 May 1641
On his death the peerage reverted to his
father (see above)
Jun 1646 6 Oliver St.John,Earl of Bolingbroke 18 Mar 1688
18 Mar 1688 7 Paulet St.John,Earl of Bolingbroke 5 Oct 1711
5 Oct 1711 8 Sir Paulet St.Andrew St.John,5th baronet 10 May 1714
10 May 1714 9 William St.John 11 Oct 1720
11 Oct 1720 10 Rowland St.John 4 Jul 1722
4 Jul 1722 11 John St.John 24 Jun 1757
24 Jun 1757 12 John St.John 15 Nov 1725 27 Apr 1767 41
27 Apr 1767 13 Henry Beauchamp St.John 2 Aug 1758 19 Dec 1805 47
19 Dec 1805 14 St.Andrew St.John 22 Aug 1759 15 Oct 1817 58
MP for Bedfordshire 1780-1784 and 1785-1806
PC 1806
15 Oct 1817 15 St.Andrew Beauchamp St.John 8 Nov 1811 27 Jan 1874 62
27 Jan 1874 16 St.Andrew St.John 5 Oct 1840 2 Nov 1887 47
2 Nov 1887 17 Beauchamp Mowbray St.John 5 Dec 1844 10 May 1912 67
Lord Lieutenant Bedford 1905-1912
10 May 1912 18 Henry Beauchamp Oliver St.John 24 Jun 1876 17 Oct 1920 44
17 Oct 1920 19 Moubray St.Andrew Thornton St.John 5 Nov 1877 28 Oct 1934 56
28 Oct 1934 20 John Moubray Russell St.John 3 Aug 1917 13 Apr 1976 58
13 Apr 1976 21 Andrew Beauchamp St.John 23 Aug 1918 11 Feb 1978 59
11 Feb 1978 22 Anthony Tudor St.John 16 May 1957
ST.JOHN OF FAWSLEY
19 Oct 1987 B[L] 1 Norman Antony Francis St.John-Stevas 18 May 1929
Created Baron St.John of Fawsley
19 Oct 1987
MP for Chelmsford 1964-1987. Minister of
State for the Arts 1973-1974. Chancellor 
of the Duchy of Lancaster 1979-1981.
PC 1979
ST.JOHN DE LAGEHAM
21 Sep 1299 B 1 John St.John Jun 1316
Summoned to Parliament as Lord
St.John de Lageham 21 Sep 1299
Jun 1316 2 John St.John 23 Apr 1323
23 Apr 1323 3 John St.John 1 Apr 1349
1 Apr 1349 4 Roger St.John 28 Mar 1353
28 Mar 1353 5 Piers St.John 1355
to     On his death the peerage became dormant
1355
ST.JOHN OF LYDIARD
7 Jul 1712 B 1 Henry St.John 10 Oct 1678 12 Dec 1751 73
Created Baron St.John and Viscount
Bolingbroke 7 Jul 1712
See "Bolingbroke"
ST.JUST
20 Jun 1935 B 1 Edward Charles Grenfell 29 May 1870 26 Nov 1941 71
Created Baron St.Just 20 Jun 1935
MP for London 1922-1935
26 Nov 1941 2 Peter George Grenfell 22 Jul 1922 14 Oct 1984 62
to     Peerage extinct on his death
14 Oct 1984
ST.LAWRENCE
3 Sep 1767 V[I] 1 Thomas St.Lawrence,Baron Howth 10 May 1730 29 Sep 1801 71
Created Viscount St.Lawrence and
Earl of Howth 3 Sep 1767
See "Howth"
ST.LEONARDS
1 Mar 1852 B 1 Edward Burtenshaw Sugden 12 Feb 1781 29 Jan 1875 93
Created Baron St.Leonards 1 Mar 1852
MP for Weymouth 1826-1831, St.Mawes
1831-1832 and Ripon 1837-1841. Solicitor
General 1829-1830. Lord Chancellor [I] 
1835 and 1841-1846. Lord Chancellor 1852
PC 1834. PC [I] 1835
For information about the St. Leonards Will Case
of 1875-76, see the note at the foot of this page
29 Jan 1875 2 Edward Burtenshaw Sugden 12 Aug 1847 18 Mar 1908 60
18 Mar 1908 3 Frank Edward Sugden 11 Nov 1890 18 Jul 1972 81
18 Jul 1972 4 John Gerard Sugden 3 Feb 1950 1 Jun 1985 35
to     Peerage extinct on his death
1 Jun 1985
ST.LEVAN
4 Jul 1887 B 1 Sir John St.Aubyn,2nd baronet 23 Oct 1829 14 May 1908 78
Created Baron St.Levan 4 Jul 1887
MP for Cornwall West 1858-1885 and 
St.Ives 1885-1887
14 May 1908 2 John Townshend St.Aubyn 23 Sep 1857 10 Nov 1940 83
10 Nov 1940 3 Francis Cecil St.Aubyn 18 Apr 1895 10 Jul 1978 83
10 Jul 1978 4 John Francis Arthur St.Aubyn 23 Feb 1919
ST.LIZ
2 Feb 1664 B 1 Basil Feilding,Earl of Denbigh c 1608 28 Nov 1675
Created Baron St.Liz 2 Feb 1664
See "Denbigh"
ST.MAUR
29 Jul 1313 B 1 Nicholas St.Maur 8 Nov 1316
Summoned to Parliament as Lord
St.Maur 29 Jul 1313
8 Nov 1316 2 Thomas St.Maur 8 Aug 1361
8 Aug 1361 3 Nicholas Seymour Jan 1362
Jan 1362 4 Richard Seymour 15 May 1401
15 May 1401 5 Richard Seymour Jan 1409
Jan 1409 6 Alice Seymour
She married William Zouche,Lord Zouche (qv) 
who assumed the peerage in her right.
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20 Nov 1317 B 1 William de Saint Maur after 1317
to     Summoned to Parliament as Lord
after 1317 Saint Maur 20 Nov 1317
Peerage extinct on his death
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19 Jun 1863 E 1 Edward Adolphus Seymour,Duke  20 Dec 1804 28 Nov 1885 80
to     of Somerset
28 Nov 1885 Created Earl St.Maur 19 Jun 1863
Peerage extinct on his death
ST.OSWALD
6 Jul 1885 B 1 Rowland Winn 19 Feb 1820 17 Jan 1893 72
Created Baron St.Oswald 6 Jul 1885
MP for Lincolnshire North 1868-1885
17 Jan 1893 2 Rowland Winn 1 Aug 1857 13 Apr 1919 61
MP for Pontefract 1885-1893
13 Apr 1919 3 Rowland George Winn 29 Jul 1893 25 Feb 1957 63
25 Feb 1957 4 Rowland Denys Guy Winn 19 Sep 1916 19 Dec 1984 68
19 Dec 1984 5 Derek Edward Anthony Winn 9 Jul 1919 18 Mar 1999 79
18 Mar 1999 6 Charles Rowland Andrew Winn 22 Jul 1959
ST.PHILIBERT
20 Nov 1348 B 1 John St.Philibert 3 Sep 1358
Summoned to Parliament as Lord
St. Philibert 20 Nov 1348
3 Sep 1358 2 Adam St.Philibert 1359
1359 3 John St.Philibert 1361
to     Peerage extinct on his death
1361
ST.VINCENT
23 Jun 1797 E 1 John Jervis 9 Jan 1735 14 Mar 1823 88
to     Created Baron Jervis and Earl of
14 Mar 1823 St.Vincent 23 Jun 1797 and Viscount
27 Apr 1801 V 1 St.Vincent 27 Apr 1801
MP for Launceston 1783-1784, Great
Yarmouth 1784-1790 and Wycombe 1790-
1794. First Lord of the Admiralty 1801-
1804. Admiral of the Fleet 1821  PC 1801
On his death the Barony and Earldom became 
extinct whilst the Viscountcy passed to -
14 Mar 1823 2 Edward Jervis Jervis 1 Apr 1767 25 Sep 1859 92
25 Sep 1859 3 Carnegie Robert John Jervis 12 Aug 1825 19 Jul 1879 53
19 Jul 1879 4 Edward John Leveson Jervis 3 Apr 1850 22 Jan 1885 34
22 Jan 1885 5 Carnegie Parker Jervis 5 Apr 1855 22 Sep 1908 53
22 Sep 1908 6 Ronald Clarges Jervis 3 Dec 1859 16 Feb 1940 80
16 Feb 1940 7 Ronald George James Jervis 3 May 1905 4 Sep 2006 101
4 Sep 2006 8 Edward Robert James Jervis 12 May 1951
SALFORD
22 Jul 1897 E 1 Wilbraham Egerton,Baron Egerton 17 Jan 1832 16 Mar 1909 77
to     Created Viscount Salford and Earl 
16 Mar 1909 Egerton of Tatton 22 Jul 1897
On his death these creations became extinct
whilst the barony continued - see 
"Egerton of Tatton"
SALISBURY
c 1145 E 1 Patrick de Salisbury 27 Mar 1168
Created Earl of Salisbury c 1145
27 Mar 1168 2 William de Salisbury 17 Apr 1196
17 Apr 1196 3 Isabella 24 Aug 1261
She married William de Longspee who
assumed the peerage in her right. He was 
born c 1175 and died 7 Mar 1226
7 Mar 1226 4 William de Longspee 8 Feb 1250
8 Feb 1250 5 William de Longspee 1257
1257 6 Margaret de Lacy 22 Nov 1310
22 Nov 1310 7 Alice Plantagenet 2 Oct 1348
to     Her husband was executed in 1322 when the
1322 peerage reverted to the Crown
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13 Mar 1337 E 1 William de Montacute,Lord Montacute 30 Jan 1344
Created Earl of Salisbury 13 Mar 1337
30 Jan 1344 2 William de Montacute 25 Jun 1328 3 Jun 1397 68
KG 1348
3 Jun 1397 3 John de Montacute 7 Jan 1400
to     KG 1397
7 Jan 1400 He was attainted and the peerage forfeited
26 Oct 1409 4 Thomas de Montacute 3 Nov 1428
Restored to the peerage in 1409
KG 1414
3 Nov 1428 5 Alice 31 Dec 1460
She married Richard Nevill who assumed 
the peerage in her right
31 Dec 1460 6 Richard Nevill,Earl of Warwick 22 Nov 1428 15 Apr 1471 42
to     On his death the peerage fell into
15 Apr 1471 abeyance
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25 Mar 1472 E 1 George Plantagenet,Duke of Clarence 21 Oct 1449
to     Created Earl of Salisbury and Earl of
15 Jan 1478 Warwick 25 Mar 1472
He was attainted and the peerages 
forfeited
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15 Feb 1478 E 1 Edward Plantagenet 1473 31 Mar 1484 10
to     Created Earl of Salisbury 15 Feb 1478
31 Mar 1484 Later created Duke of Cornwall and Prince
of Wales - peerages extinct on his death
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16 Mar 1485 7 Edward Plantagenet 21 Feb 1474 28 Nov 1499 25
to     Restored to the peerage 1485. He was
28 Nov 1499 attainted and the peerage forfeited
1513 8 Margaret Pole 14 Aug 1473 27 May 1541 67
to     Restored to the peerage 1513. She was
1539 attainted and the peerage forfeited
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4 May 1605 E 1 Sir Robert Cecil 1 Jun 1563 24 May 1612 48
Created Baron Cecil of Essendon
13 Aug 1603,Viscount Cranborne
20 Aug 1604 and Earl of Salisbury
4 May 1605
MP for Westminster 1584-1585,1586-1587,
and Hertfordshire 1588,1592-1593,1597-
1598 and 1601. Secretary of State 1596-
1612. Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
1597-1599. Lord Privy Seal 1597-1612. Lord
Lieutenant Hertford 1605. Lord Treasurer
1608-1612.  KG 1606
24 May 1612 2 William Cecil Feb 1591 3 Dec 1668 77
MP for Weymouth 1610-1611. Lord 
Lieutenant Hertford 1612 and Dorset 1642. 
KG 1624
3 Dec 1668 3 James Cecil 1648 Jun 1683 34
MP for Hertfordshire 1668  KG 1679
Jun 1683 4 James Cecil Sep 1666 3 Nov 1694 28
3 Nov 1694 5 James Cecil 8 Jun 1691 9 Oct 1728 37
Lord Lieutenant Hertford 1712-1714
9 Oct 1728 6 James Cecil 20 Oct 1713 19 Sep 1780 66
19 Sep 1780 7 James Cecil 4 Sep 1748 13 Jun 1823 74
24 Aug 1789 M 1 Created Marquess of Salisbury 
24 Aug 1789
MP for Great Bedwin 1774-1780,Plympton Erle
1780 and Launceston 1780. Lord Lieutenant 
Hertford 1771-1823. PC 1780  KG 1793
For information about this peer's wife,see the
note at the foot of this page
13 Jun 1823 2 James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil 17 Apr 1791 12 Apr 1868 76
MP for Weymouth 1813-1817 and Hertford
1817-1823. Lord Lieutenant Middlesex 1841-1868
Lord Privy Seal 1852. Lord President of 
the Council 1858-1859.  PC 1826  KG 1842
12 Apr 1868 3 Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil 3 Feb 1830 22 Aug 1903 73
MP for Stamford 1853-1868. Secretary
of State for India 1866-1867 and 1874-1878
Foreign Secretary 1878-1880,1885-1886,
1887-1892 and 1895-1902. Prime Minister
1885-1886, 1886-1892 and 1895-1902. 
PC 1866  KG 1878
22 Aug 1903 4 James Edward Hubert Gascoyne-Cecil 23 Oct 1861 4 Apr 1947 85
MP for Lancashire NE 1885-1892 and
Rochester 1893-1903. Lord Privy Seal 1903-
1905 and 1924-1929. President of the Board
of Trade 1905. Lord President of the 
Council 1922-1924. Chancellor of the 
Duchy of Lancaster 1922.  PC 1903  KG 1917
4 Apr 1947 5 Robert Arthur James Gascoyne-Cecil 27 Aug 1893 23 Feb 1972 78
MP for Dorset South 1929-1941. Paymaster
General 1940. Secretary of State for 
Dominions 1940-1942. Secretary of State 
for Colonies 1942. Lord Privy Seal 1942-
1943 and 1951-1952. Secretary of State for
Dominions 1943-1945. Secretary of State 
for Commonwealth Relations 1952. Lord
President of the Council 1952-1957.  
PC 1940  KG 1946
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
Acceleration as Baron Cecil of Essendon in 
Jan 1941
23 Feb 1972 6 Robert Edward Peter Gascoyne-Cecil 24 Oct 1916 11 Jul 2003 86
MP for Bournemouth West 1950-1954
11 Jul 2003 7 Robert Michael James Cecil 30 Sep 1946
MP for Dorset South 1979-1987. Lord Privy Seal
1994-1997.  PC 1994
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
Acceleration as Baron Cecil of Essendon in 1992
SALMON
10 Jan 1972 B[L] 1 Cyril Barnet Salmon 28 Dec 1903 7 Nov 1991 87
to     Created Baron Salmon 10 Jan 1972
7 Nov 1991 Lord Justice of Appeal 1964-1972. Lord of
Appeal in Ordinary 1972-1980   PC 1964
Peerage extinct on his death
SALTER
16 Oct 1953 B 1 James Arthur Salter 15 Mar 1881 27 Jun 1975 94
to     Created Baron Salter 16 Oct 1953
27 Jun 1975 MP for Oxford University 1937-1950
and Ormskirk 1951-1953. Chancellor of 
the Duchy of Lancaster 1945. Minister of
State for Economic Affairs 1951-1952.
Minister of Materials   PC 1941
Peerage extinct on his death
SALTERSFORD
7 Jun 1796 B 1 James Stopford,Earl of Courtown 28 May 1731 30 Mar 1810 78
Created Baron Saltersford 7 Jun 1796
See "Courtown"
SALTOUN
28 Jun 1445 B[S] 1 Laurence Abernethy 13 Mar 1460
Created Lord Saltoun 28 Jun 1445
13 Mar 1460 2 William Abernethy Jun 1488
Jun 1488 3 James Abernethy 1505
1505 4 Alexander Abernethy Jun 1527
Jun 1527 5 William Abernethy Dec 1543
Dec 1543 6 Alexander Abernethy 1537 Apr 1587 49
Apr 1587 7 George Abernethy c 1555 27 Apr 1590
27 Apr 1590 8 John Abernethy c 1577 21 Sep 1612
21 Sep 1612 9 Alexander Abernethy 26 Mar 1611 18 Dec 1668 57
18 Dec 1668 10 Alexander Fraser Mar 1604 11 Aug 1693 89
11 Aug 1693 11 William Fraser 21 Nov 1654 18 Mar 1715 60
18 Mar 1715 12 Alexander Fraser 1684 24 Jul 1748 64
24 Jul 1748 13 Alexander Fraser 1710 10 Oct 1751 41
10 Oct 1751 14 George Fraser 10 Oct 1720 30 Aug 1781 60
30 Aug 1781 15 Alexander Fraser 27 Jun 1758 12 Sep 1793 35
12 Sep 1793 16 Alexander George Fraser 22 Apr 1785 18 Jul 1853 68
KT 1852
18 Jul 1853 17 Alexander Fraser 5 May 1820 1 Feb 1886 65
1 Feb 1886 18 Alexander William Frederick Fraser 8 Aug 1851 19 Jun 1933 81
19 Jun 1933 19 Alexander Arthur Fraser 8 Mar 1886 31 Aug 1979 93
31 Aug 1979 20 Flora Marjory Ramsay 18 Oct 1930
SAMPSON
28 Dec 1299 B 1 William Sampson after 1299
to     Summoned to Parliament as Lord
after 1299 Sampson 28 Dec 1299
Peerage extinct on his death
SAMUEL
8 Jun 1937 V 1 Herbert Louis Samuel 6 Nov 1870 5 Feb 1963 92
Created Viscount Samuel 8 Jun 1937
MP for Cleveland 1902-1918 and Darwen
1929-1935. Chancellor of the Duchy of
Lancaster 1909-1910 and 1915-1916. 
Postmaster General 1910-1914 and 1915-
1916. Home Secretary 1916 and 1931-1932.
PC 1908  OM 1958
5 Feb 1963 2 Edwin Herbert Samuel 11 Sep 1898 14 Nov 1978 80
14 Nov 1978 3 David Herbert Samuel 8 Jul 1922
SAMUEL OF WYCH CROSS
3 Jul 1972 B[L] 1 Harold Samuel 23 Apr 1912 28 Aug 1987 75
to     Created Baron Samuel of Wych Cross 
28 Aug 1987 3 Jul 1972
Peerage extinct on his death
SANDBERG
2 Oct 1997 B[L] 1 Michael Graham Ruddock Sandberg 31 May 1927
Created Baron Sandberg 2 Oct 1997
SANDERSON
20 Dec 1905 B 1 Thomas Henry Sanderson 11 Jan 1841 21 Mar 1923 82
to     Created Baron Sanderson 20 Dec 1905
21 Mar 1923 Peerage extinct on his death
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
18 Jun 1930 B 1 Henry Sanderson Furniss 1 Oct 1868 25 Mar 1939 70
to     Created Baron Sanderson 18 Jun 1930
25 Mar 1939 Peerage extinct on his death
SANDERSON OF AYOT
4 Jul 1960 B 1 Basil Sanderson 19 Jun 1894 15 Aug 1971 77
Created Baron Sanderson of Ayot
4 Jul 1960
15 Aug 1971 2 Alan Lindsay Sanderson 1931
to     He disclaimed the peerage for life 28 Sep 1971
28 Sep 1971
SANDERSON OF BOWDEN
5 Jun 1985 B[L] 1 Charles Russell Sanderson 30 Apr 1933
Created Baron Sanderson of Bowden
5 Jun 1985
SANDFORD
20 Jan 1891 B 1 Francis Richard John Sandford 14 May 1824 31 Dec 1893 69
to     Created Baron Sandford 20 Jan 1891
31 Dec 1893 PC 1885
Peerage extinct on his death
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
14 Jul 1945 B 1 Albert James Edmondson 29 Jun 1886 16 May 1959 72
Created Baron Sandford 14 Jul 1945
MP for Banbury 1922-1945
16 May 1959 2 John Cyril Edmondson 22 Dec 1920 13 Jan 2009 88
13 Jan 2009 3 James John Mowbray Edmondson 1 Jul 1949
SANDHURST
28 Mar 1871 B 1 William Rose Mansfield 21 Jun 1819 23 Jun 1876 57
PC [I] 1870
Created Baron Sandhurst 28 Mar 1871
23 Jun 1876 2 William Mansfield 21 Aug 1855 2 Nov 1921 66
1 Jan 1917 V 1 Created Viscount Sandhurst 1 Jan 1917
to     Governor of Bombay 1895-1899. PC 1906
8 Nov 1921 On his death the Viscountcy became extinct
whilst the Barony passed to -
8 Nov 1921 3 John William Mansfield 10 Jul 1857 6 Jan 1933 75
6 Jan 1933 4 Ralph Sheldon Mansfield 19 Jul 1892 28 Oct 1964 72
28 Oct 1964 5 John Edward Terence Mansfield 4 Sep 1920 2 Jun 2002 81
2 Jun 2002 6 Guy Rhys John Mansfield 3 Mar 1949
SANDON
19 Jul 1809 V 1 Dudley Ryder,Baron Harrowby 22 Dec 1762 26 Dec 1847 85
Created Viscount Sandon and Earl of
Harrowby 19 Jul 1809
See "Harrowby"
SANDWICH
12 Jul 1660 E 1 Edward Montagu 27 Jul 1625 28 May 1672 46
Created Baron Montagu of St.Neots,
Viscount Hinchingbrooke and Earl of
Sandwich 12 Jul 1660
MP for Huntingdonshire 1644-1647,1653,
1654 and 1656 and Dover 1660. KG 1660
Lord Lieutenant Huntingdon 1660-1672
28 May 1672 2 Edward Montagu 3 Jan 1648 29 Nov 1688 40
MP for Dover 1670-1672. Lord Lieutenant
Huntingdon 1683-1685 and Cambridge 1685-
1687
29 Nov 1688 3 Edward Montagu 10 Apr 1670 20 Oct 1729 59
20 Oct 1729 4 John Montagu 13 Nov 1718 30 Apr 1792 73
First Lord of the Admiralty 1748-1751,1763
and 1771-1782. Secretary of State 1763-
1765 and 1770-1771  PC 1749
30 Apr 1792 5 John Montagu 26 Jan 1743 6 Jun 1814 71
MP for Brackley 1765-1768 and 
Huntingdonshire 1768-1792.  PC 1771
6 Jun 1814 6 George Montagu 4 Feb 1773 21 May 1818 45
MP for Huntingdonshire 1794-1814
21 May 1818 7 John William Montagu 8 Nov 1811 3 Mar 1884 72
Lord Lieutenant Huntingdon 1841-1884
PC 1852
3 Mar 1884 8 Edward George Henry Montagu 13 Jul 1839 26 Jun 1916 76
MP for Huntingdon 1876-1884
Lord Lieutenant Huntingdon 1891-1916
26 Jun 1916 9 George Charles Montagu 29 Dec 1874 15 Jun 1962 87
MP for Huntingdon 1900-1906. Lord
Lieutenant Huntingdon 1922-1946
15 Jun 1962 10 Alexander Victor Edward Paulet Montagu 22 May 1906 25 Feb 1995 88
to     MP for Dorset South 1941-1962
24 Jul 1964 He disclaimed the peerage for life 24 Jul 1964
25 Feb 1995 11 John Edward Hollister Montagu 11 Apr 1943
SANDYS
20 Dec 1743 B 1 Samuel Sandys 10 Aug 1695 21 Apr 1770 74
Created Baron Sandys 20 Dec 1743
MP for Worcester 1718-1743. Chancellor
of the Exchequer 1742-1743. President of
the Board of Trade 1761-1763.  PC 1742
21 Apr 1770 2 Edwin Sandys 18 Apr 1726 11 Mar 1797 70
to     MP for Droitwich 1747-1754, Bossiney
11 Mar 1797 1754-1762 and Westminster 1762-1770
Peerage extinct on his death
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
19 Jun 1802 B 1 Mary Hill 19 Sep 1774 1 Aug 1836 61
Created Baroness Sandys 19 Jun 1802
1 Aug 1836 2 Arthur Moyses William Hill 10 Jan 1793 16 Jul 1860 67
MP for Down 1817-1836. 
16 Jul 1860 3 Arthur Marcus Cecil Sandys 28 Jan 1798 10 Apr 1863 65
MP for Newry 1832-1835 and Evesham
1838-1852  PC 1841
10 Apr 1863 4 Augustus Frederick Arthur Sandys 1 Mar 1840 26 Jul 1904 64
26 Jul 1904 5 Michael Edwin Sandys Sandys 31 Dec 1855 4 Aug 1948 92
4 Aug 1948 6 Arthur Fitzgerald Sandys Hill 4 Dec 1876 24 Nov 1961 84
24 Nov 1961 7 Richard Michael Oliver Hill 21 Jul 1931
Victoria-Josefa Sackville-West, wife of the 3rd Baron Sackville (1862-1936)
The following is extracted from "The Emperor of the United States of America and Other
Magnificent British Eccentrics" by Catherine Caufield (Routledge & Kegan Paul, London 1981)
Spanish passion and Anglo-Saxon reserve were united in Lady Sackville - the illegitimate child
of a Latin dancer [Josefa de la Oliva] and an English diplomat [the 2nd Baron Sackville - she
therefore married her cousin] - to create a contradictory and unpredictable temperament. Her
attitude towards money, for example, veered without warning from reckless indulgence to
extreme parsimony. In certain moods money slipped through her hands like water; she once 
absentmindedly left a £10,000 cheque from J P Morgan made out to bearer in a taxi; on another
occasion a sreanger whom she met on the forty-minute train journey from London to Sevenoaks
and never again laid eyes on persuaded her to invest £60,000 in a gold mine. In neither case 
was the money recovered.
On the other hand for a time she took to cutting up used postage stamps and piecing together
the non-postmarked bits to save the cost of a new stamp. She also economised by writing
letters on filched hotel notepaper, and on one occasion on a slice of cooked ham. She was 
especially pleased with toilet paper pinched from Harrod's ladies' room. She corresponded
regularly on this for quite some time and praised it to her daughter, the writer Vita Sackville-
West, for taking ink so nicely.
Lady Sackville was a high-spirited woman, capable of being utterly charming, but with a quick,
if short-lived, temper. Those closest to her, her servants and her family, suffered the brunt of
her mood changes, though they did not always take it lying down: several times the entire
household staff resigned en masse. One much loved nanny was summarily dismissed on
suspicion of having eaten three-dozen quail which had not arrived in time for a dinner party.
Fresh air was one of Lady Sackville's great passions. She never had a fire in her room, kept the
windows and doors at Knole always open, and insisted upon taking her meals outdoors in all
weathers. Often a meal with her meant sitting wrapped in fur coats with a hot water bottle on
one's knees and a rug draped over one's lap. A lamp provided some light in the darkness and
illuminated the drifting snowflakes as they piled up on the food and the cutlery. The 
compensation for all this was Lady Sackville saying cosily, 'Now, aren't you deliciously warm?'
Luckily, she was apparently immune to colds; her favourite remedy for sore throats was to tie
a pair of the architect Edwin Lutyens' old socks around her neck.
Knole, the ancient Sackville home in the Kentish countryside, was Lady Sackville's pride and joy.
There and at various smaller houses she had bought and sold over the years, she was able to
put her peculiar notions of interior decoration into practice. One bedroom at Knole was papered
entirely with postage stamps. The risers of a staircase at another house were painted to look
like bookshelves. The Persian Room was furnished completely with objects from Turkey, a
geographical contradiction which Lady Sackville absolutely refused to acknowledge. She took
great trouble over minor details, and had a special individually designed bookplate printed for
each book she owned.
Her daughter Vita was of course a distinguished gardener, as well as a writer, but Lady
Sackville preferred artificial flowers. Tin delphimiums were among her favourites because, as
she explained to Vita, they are always in bloom and never plagued by slugs. Rather than planting
living things, she often landscaped using only potted plants and porcelain flowers. On one 
occasion when Vita was coming to lunch, Lady Sackville's garden looked particularly dismal and,
wanting to make a show for her daughter, she sent a friend out to buy £30 worth of paper and
satin flowers which she 'planted' in an artistic arrangement in the bare earth.
An expensive lawsuit about the Sackville title had eaten into the family's fortune [for further
details see below] and Lady Sackville worried constantly that Knole's upkeep would become too
expensive for them. When Lionel, her husband, was called up for the First World War, she wrote
directly to Lord Kitchener saying that he must not be posted to a dangerous position as Knole
could not possibly survive the massive death duties that would fall due if he was killed.
Later she wrote to complain that Knole was being deprived of its staff by the call-up: 'I think
perhaps you do not realize, my dear Lord K., that we employ five carpenters and four painters
and two blacksmiths and two footmen and you are taking them all from us! I do not complain
about the footmen, although I must say that I had never thought I would see parlourmaids
at Knole!…….Dear Lord K., I am sure you will sympathize with me when I say that parlourmaids
are so middle-class, not at all what you and me are used to. But, as I said, that is not what I
complain about……I know that we must give an example. You are at the War Office and must
neglect your dear Broome [Kitchener's house], which you love so much. I think you love it as
much as I love Knole? and of course you must love it even more because the world says you
have never loved any woman - is that true? I shall ask you next time I come to luncheon with
you. But talking about luncheon reminds me of parlourmaids, and I said that I would not
complain about them (because I am patriotic after all) but I do complain about the way you
take our workmen from us.'
The distinction between charitable enterprises and profit-making ones eluded Lady Sackville. She
was not in the least shy of soliciting funds on her own behalf - sometimes without actually 
saying so. The energy, invention and ruthless charm she put into such enterprises was 
staggering. One of her pet 'charities' in later years was The Homeless Sleeping on Brighton 
Beach, an organisation which was not registered with the Charity Commissioners and of which 
she was the only known member or beneficiary.
In 1928 she wrote letters to all her acquaintances asking for donations to her Roof of Friendship
Fund. Each person was asked to give the price of a tile to be dedicated to his or her friendship
with Lady Sackville and to form with all the others an inspirational symbol of friendship to replace
her distinctly uninspiring and leaky roof. Quite a few did contribute, but she was furious with 
[the painter] William Nicholson, who had the effrontery to send in a real tile.
Later on came the Million Penny Fund, designed to eliminate the National Debt. Lady Sackville 
perused the papers for mentions of famous people celebrating their birthdays and wrote asking 
them to contribute one penny for each year of their life. The form letter she had written for 
the purpose ended with a plea: ' and do give me stamped envelopes which means one for my
begging letter, one for having the pleasure of thanking you, and one for a fresh VICTIM.'
Another time she decided to hold a white elephant sale. 'You know, people have them at 
bazaars,' she told Vita, 'but I shall have this one for myself. And then I thought as elephants
come from Siam I would write to the King and ask him for a white one.' To the surprise of
everyone but Lady Sackville, the King of Siam replied with a gift of a small but valuable solid-
silver elephant.
                                                   ***************
In May 1903, an action was brought by Ernest Henri Jean Baptiste Sackville West against
the then Lord Sackville. His case was that he was the lawful and eldest son of Lord Sackville;
that Sackville had married Josephine Duran de Ortega in 1864 or 1865 either in Spain or in
France; and that he had been born on 24 June 1869. For his part, Sackville denied that he had
ever been married and further stated that Josephine had previously married, in 1851, one Juan
Antonio Gabriel de la Oliva and that, at the time of her alleged marriage to Sackville, she was
still married to de la Oliva. 
There is no doubt that Josephine had been Sackville's mistress for many years and that she had
been the mother of three of his children, including Victoria-Josefa, who was therefore the 
claimant's older sister.
The claim was finally rejected by the Probate Court in February 1910. The following extract is 
from 'The Times' of 15 February 1910.
'Pepita, the mother of the claimant, was, somewhere about the fifties [i.e. the 1850s], a
fascinating dancer "with glorious black eyes and hair", the idol of Madrid, with admirers where-
ever she went. The German students took the horses out of her carriage and drew it, to show
perhaps their opinion that she was another or a better Lola Montez. She had many of the 
triumphs of a danseuse and one day she danced away the heart of a young Englishman, a
diplomatist, the heir to a peerage and an ancient title. His was no fugitive fancy. They lived
together for many years, and children were born to them. But they were not married. They
could not be so. There was abundant evidence that in 1851 she became the wife of a Spanish
dancer, de Oliva. The certificate of her marriage was found among her papers at her death.
The late Lord Sackville, who had been told of the marriage to Oliva, stated that he was anxious
to marry her if her husband was out of the way, 'but I never did marry her, or go through any
form of marriage with her.' While they lived together his intimate friends knew the true state of
things, which he did not conceal from them. When he went to Washington the Diplomatic Circle
was made aware that his children were not legitimate. After her death he did his duty towards
them, but not at the expense of truth. The late peer had his faults, but he was kind, not only to
his children, but to Pepita. He no doubt introduced her and spoke of her as his wife. He
registered his children as legitimate, and she was buried as his wife. The explanation of this was
simple; he desired to spare her feelings while she lived and to respect her memory when she died.
He knew that his friends were well acquainted with the facts; in business matters he took care
to state the truth; and letter after letter from him, unequivocal as to his children's positions,
was put in evidence.'
                                                   ***************
While viewing the Wallace Collection in 1897, Lady Sackville first met Sir John Murray Scott. For
further information on him, see the note at the foot of the page containing details of the 
Wallace baronetcy created in 1871. Following the deaths of his mentor, Sir Richard Wallace and
his wife, Scott had inherited over a million pounds in cash and securities, two valuable estates
in Britain and the historic pavilion of Bagatelle in Paris, once owned by Marie Antoinette. 
 
A friendship developed between Sir John and Lady Scakville. She visited Paris to view the 
collection of Marie Antoinette's furniture at Bagatelle; he, in turn, visited Knole to see the art
treasures there. Once the litigation outlined above had commenced, Sir John was anxious that 
none of the collection at Knole be sold to meet the costs of the court case. Accordingly, he 
advanced the sums necessary to fight the case.
When Sir John died in 1912, he left an estate valued at £1,180,000. In his will, he left Lady
Sackville £150,000 in cash and the magnificent art collection at his house in Paris, valued at
£350,000. Sir John's four brothers and two sisters were furious when they heard of this, and
this fury was increased when they realised that the bequest was tax-free, meaning that any
taxation would have to be paid by the residue of the estate. They claimed that, after paying
this tax, the value of the remaining estate would be negligible.
They therefore contested the will and the case became famous as 'The Million Pound Case'
when it opened in the Probate Court in June 1913. Lady Sackville was represented by Sir
Edward Carson, later Baron Carson, and the Scotts by F E Smith, later Earl of Birkenhead.
The Scotts maintained that the amount advanced to the Sackvilles to fight their court case
was nearly £90,000. They alleged that Lady Sackville had insinuated herself into Sir John's
good graces and had completely mesmerised him. She had become virtual mistress of his home
in Connaught Place, choosing his guests, riding in his carriages, managing his servants and once
even banishing one of his sisters from the table during a dinner party. One of the brothers,
Walter Scott, accused her of trying to trap him into a love affair in order to turn Sir John
against him.
The Scotts were forced to admit, under questioning by Carson, that Sir John had been most
generous to them in his lifetime. To one he had given a fully-stocked farm worth £57,000
with a allowance of £2,000 a year. Another brother admitted receiving £26,000.
It took the jury only 12 minutes to find in favour of Lady Sackville. Contrary to Sir John's good
intentions however, and proving her fickle nature, she reputedly lost no time in selling the art
treasures, obtaining, it is said, some £270,000 from a Paris art dealer.
Osborne de Vere Beauclerk, 12th Duke of St. Albans
The following is extracted from "The Emperor of the United States of America and Other
Magnificent British Eccentrics" by Catherine Caufield (Routledge & Kegan Paul, London 1981)
'Obby', as his friends called him, took little part in public life; in fact. His forays into that arena
seem mostly to have been motivated by a gleeful desire to cause havoc. He held the hereditary
post of Grand Falconer and proposed attending the 1953 Coronation with a live falcon on his
wrist. When the organisers suggested a stuffed bird instead, he boycotted the ceremony. 
Parishioners at the church near his home in Ireland remember him snoozing through sermons
with a handkerchief over his face, rousing himself occasionally to shout out "Rubbish!"
He married late in life and never had any legitimate children, partly for fear of passing on a 
streak of madness that ran in his branch of the family. About illegitimate children, however, he
had no such inhibitions, and boasted of having large numbers of them. Obby professed to be
unsure of exactly how many he had. On one occasion a certain baronet and his wife who were
lunching with the Duke were mystified to hear him repeatedly muttering to a friend in very
audible asides "What do you think? Is he one of mine?"
His sense of decorum was strict, if unpredictable. Once, when his wife was late coming down to
a lunch, Obby gave her seat to a man who had come to check the fire extinguishers and when 
she did appear he refused to allow her to join the table. He expected the hall porter at his club,
Brooks's, to wind his watch for him, holding out his arm and saying "there's a good fellow."
Once, while he was eating in a hotel restaurant, a fire broke out. The Duke remained at his table
and when urged by the waiters to escape, he replied "Nonsense! Bring me some more toast."
On the other hand the ducal dignity was allowed to slip rather badly when on a visit to Lord
Dunraven he arrived carrying only a toothbrush and a pair of pyjamas in a brown paper bag. 
Obby lived to be 89, with little thought of growing old gracefully. At 83, he took a freighter to 
the US, crossed the country by Greyhound bus, and toured Latin America, travelling second
class all the way. A newspaper interview two years previously in which he expressed a desire
for a young wife brought him 68 offers of marriage, including a number of titled and highly
eligible ladies. He opted for continued singleness, the state in which eccentricity and
crotchetiness best thrive.
Charles Frederick Aubrey de Vere Beauclerk, 13th Duke of St. Albans
 
At the time he succeeded to the Dukedom, Charles Beauclerk was employed in the film division
of the Central Office of Information, having previously contributed articles to the Evening Star
newspaper and lived in rented accommodation.
Once he succeeded to the title, his immediate ambition was to use the title to advance his
business prospects. However, he showed poor judgement in his choice of business colleagues
and, after a series of financial scandals, he was forced to admit that his involvement in the
world of commerce had brought him nothing but grief. In December 1973, when he was chairman 
of Grendon Trust, he was severely criticized by the UK Department of Trade over his actions
during a takeover bid. The Duke held a 3.9% holding in Grendon which he sold, despite having 
given an undertaking not to sell without advance notice to the Grendon board. The Takeover
concluded that, although they had no reason to believe that the Duke acted from improper
motives, they could not avoid the conclusion that the sale of the Duke's shares was prejudicial
to the interests of other Grendon shareholders and was therefore open to serious criticism.
The Duke was reported to have made £793,000 from the sale of his shares.
After the Inland Revenue sued him for £182,000 in 1978, he sold his two houses in Chelsea and
went to live in southern France, returning regularly to London to have his hair cut at the Ritz.
Edward Henry John Cornwallis Eliot, styled Baron Eliot, son and heir of the 5th Earl
of St.Germans
Lord Eliot committed suicide on 24 August 1909. The following obituary appeared in 'The
Times' on 25 August:-
'Lord Eliot, elder son and heir of the Earl of St.Germans, was found shot dead at the family seat,
Port Eliot, St.Germans, Cornwall, yesterday.
'Lord Eliot was a subaltern in the Coldstream Guards and had been serving with his battalion,
the third, at Khartoum. He went out in January last and recently came home on sick leave, but
was not believed to be in a serious state of ill-health. He had, however, felt the effects of the
climate of the Sudan. He was an enthusiastic cricketer, and had, during his stay at home, taken
part in several matches. It had been arranged that a team from Plymouth should go down to
St.Germans yesterday for a match. On the arrival at St.Germans of Major Cawdor and his team
from Plymouth, Lord Eliot could not be found, and search was made for him. About 2 o'clock
his dead body was found in the gun-room. Lord Eliot had been shot through the head, and an
empty cartridge case was found in one of the barrels of a double-barrelled gun which was 
beside the body. Lord Eliot was personally very popular in the district, and his death has caused
great regret.
'Edward Henry John Cornwallis, Lord Eliot, was born on August 30, 1885, so that he was within
a few days of completing his 24th year. He was educated at Eton and Magdalene College,
Cambridge, and was gazetted an ensign in the Coldstream Guards in May last year. His younger
brother, the Hon. John Granville Cornwallis, who was born in June, 1890, and is a cadet at
Sandhurst, now becomes heir to the title.'
Nicholas Richard Michael Eliot, 9th Earl of St. Germans
St. Germans (or Lord Eliot as he was known until 1960) was dubbed the 'Bookie Peer'. Having
participated in horse racing as an owner and trainer, he opened a turf commission agency in
1950. In 1953, he was called as a witness in the 'Francasal affair' where a racecourse gang
ran a horse named Francasal at the Bath races in the name of a considerably slower horse
called Santa Amaro. Shortly before the start of the race, the gang placed bets totalling
£6,000 on 'Santa Amaro'. The ring-in duly won, but the circumstances aroused suspicion and
payment of bets was withheld. The gang were later found guilty and imprisoned. In his evidence
at the trial, St. Germans testified that one of the conspirators had come to him with 'quite a
childish suggestion'; that the wife of the Chief Constable of Bath should be presented with a fur
coat. St. Germans immediately informed Scotland Yard of this approach.
After he succeeded to the title in 1960, St. Germans migrated to Tangier as a tax exile. There he
called himself the 'Tangerine Earl'. He was a popular figure among the locals but admitted that 
there were things he missed about England, including treacle tart and a decent game of
backgammon. In 1963, he fired an unauthorized gun in the Safari Bar, for which he spent a night
in a police cell.
The St. Leonards Will case of 1875-1876
The following article, written by Dalrymple Belgrave, is taken from a series entitled "Romances
of High Life" published in the 'Manchester Times' in 1898:-
'The Lord Chancellors are a long-lived race. Lord Lyndhurst lived to ninety-one, Lord Brougham
to eighty-nine, and Lord Chelmsford to an old age, but the oldest ex-Chancellor of late years
was Edward Burtenshaw Sugden, the first Lord St. Leonards, who was over 70 in 1852, when he
was made Lord Chancellor by Lord Derby, and who lived for 23 years after that great event in 
his life. Lord St. Leonards, when the time came for him to go into the House of Commons as a
step in the career of a great lawyer, had probably troubled himself very little about politics. 
Unlike Lord Lyndhurst, who was always interested in politics, or Lord Brougham, of whom it was
said that if he had known some law he would have known a little of everything, Lord St. 
Leonards was a great lawyer, who was interested in nothing but law. He served the Tory party
by the great ability he showed when he was their law officer, and amused it when he was in
Opposition by losing no opportunity, in the law courts, of exposing the ignorance of law of the
Whig Chancellor, Lord Brougham, but he took little part in debates.
'He was always loyal to his party, though his promotion came very slowly. In 1829 he was made
by the Duke of Wellington Solicitor-General. In 1834 Sir Robert Peel gave him the Irish 
Chancellorship. After that he went back to the Bar and the House of Commons. After he was
made Chancellor in 1852, he did not hold that office for long, as the Ministry only lasted a few
months. Six years later Lord Derby came into office, and again offered the old lawyer the 
woolsack, but he considered that at 77 he was too old for the responsibilities of office. For 
years after that, however, he did a great deal of work in the House of Lords as a law lord, while 
he also was of great service to his country in the House as a law reformer. Towards the end of 
his life, however, he lived most of his time at Boyle Farm, near Thames Ditton, which was the 
place he had chosen as his home. He was a man of humble birth, for his father was a hair-
dresser, but for years he had had a large practice at the bar, and he had made a great deal of
money, a large portion of which he had invested in the purchases of landed estates.
'He had bought the Childerly Hall Estate, Cambridgeshire, which had a rent roll of £1,580 a year,
Sutton Scotney, Hampshire, with £1,200 a year, Peaswood, Berkshire £1,200 1,200 a year, Filgate,
Sussex, worth £283 a year, and Boyle Farm and some land, worth £405 a year. Boyle Farm was
his residence, and he had spent a good deal of money in improving and furnishing the house. 
Some years after he bought Boyle Farm he purchased another estate, Kingsdown, in Sussex.
When he was a young man, a year after he had been called to the Bar, he had married. He had
a family of three sons and five daughters. Two of his sons, the eldest (Henry) and the youngest
(Arthur), died in his lifetime. Both, however, had married and left sons, and all his daughters but
one were married. This daughter, the Hon. Miss Charlotte Sugden, was her father's constant
companion. During his busy life at the Bar, the old Chancellor had written several great law 
books, and in his old age he devoted a great deal of time to a work which he called "The Handy-
Book of Real Property Law." The idea of this book was that it should explain the law of real
property - which had occupied the great lawyer's life - to unlearned readers, and make most of
its intracacies and difficulties easy for them to understand. To some extent he may be said to 
have succeeded in doing this, for the book is admirably clear. In doing this work it was his 
custom to use his daughter, Miss Sugden, as his amanuensis and assistant. He would read over 
what he had written to her, and explain it, and when he saw that she perfectly understood it
he would say that the general public ought to understand what he had written. Possibly he was
over-confident in this respect, for Miss Sugden seems to have had no small talent for the branch
of learning in which her father so greatly excelled.
'The book is written in the form of letters to some person whom the writer is supposed to be
anxious to instruct. There is one of them which has a curious interest, considering what 
afterwards happened. It relates to the subject of wills. "I am somewhat unwilling," he writes, 
"to give you instructions for making your will without the assistance of your professional legal
adviser. It is quite shocking to reflect on the litigation that had been caused by men making 
their own wills or employing incompetent persons to do so, to save a few guineas. Looking at it
as a money transaction, lawyers might be in despair if everyone's will was prepared by a
competent person." In another place in his book he discusses the new regulations of the Probate
Office, which not only takes care of the wills of deceased persons, but also provides repositories
where people can, if they choose, place their own wills for safe custody. "If you are from time to
time likely to alter your will, I should advise you not to place it within this depository. If I were a
devisee of a living testator I should like to hear that the will was in the new depository. The
expense and difficulty of the gathering of the will out of this custody would deter many men from
capriciously altering their donations."
'Possibly Lord St. Leonards thought that his warning against people making their own wills do not
apply to the case of an ex-Lord Chancellor, who probably knew more about the law on the 
subject than any man alive, and yet he was destined to prove the truth of the old adage about 
the sort of client that the man has who is his own lawyer. Lord St. Leonards will was an object
of art, on which he spent much time, and he probably could not stand the idea of any other
lawyer having anything to do with it. He had made a will in 1867, in which he had left all his
landed estate in trust for his grandson - who would succeed him in the peerage - for his life,
with remainders to his first and other sons, and with other remainders, so that as far as the
estate could be settled it would go with the peerage. He made his pictures and objects of art
at Boyle Farm heirlooms, and he gave to his daughter, Miss Charlotte Sugden, a legacy of 
£6,000, and directed that she should have from his farm stock two cows, to be selected by
herself, from his conservatory two dozen plants, and two dozen bottles of his old sherry.
'On January 13th, 1870, Miss Sugden noticed that her father was very busy with his papers, and 
that he had the will of 1867 before him. When she called him to luncheon he would not suspend
his labours, but he went on writing until he had finished, and then he expressed his pleasure at
having completed his will. He then read slowly over to her what he had written. This began: 
"This is an addition to my will," and it disposed of the Kingsdown Estate, which he had then 
lately bought, and which was worth about £1,200 a year, to his living son, Frank, who was a 
clergyman. It gave certain other legacies, and named his daughter, Charlotte Sugden, and two 
married daughters, Caroline Turner and Augusta Reilly, his residuary legatees. This, with the will 
of 1867, covered sixteen sheets of blue paper, which were pinned together. After he had made 
his will he locked it in his will box. On March 3rd, 1870, he added a codicil to his will; on July 4th,