PEERAGE
Last updated 12/09/2011
Date
Rank
Order
Name
Born
Died
Age
STAMP
28 Jun 1938
B
1
Josiah Charles Stamp
21 Jun 1880
16 Apr 1941
60
Created Baron Stamp 28 Jun 1938
16 Apr 1941
2
Wilfred Carlyle Stamp
28 Oct 1904
16 Apr 1941
36
For further information on the succession of this
peer to the title, see the note at the foot of
this page.
16 Apr 1941
3
Trevor Charles Stamp
13 Feb 1907
16 Nov 1987
80
16 Nov 1987
4
Trevor Charles Bosworth Stamp
18 Sep 1935
STANHOPE
14 Apr 1718
E
1
James Stanhope
1673
5 Feb 1721
47
Created Baron and Viscount Stanhope
3 Jul 1717 and Earl Stanhope
14 Apr 1718
MP for Newport IOW 1702 and 1717,
Cockermouth 1702-1713 and 1715-1717 and
Wendover 1714-1715. Secretary of State
1714-1717 and 1718-1721.Prime Minister and
Chancellor of the Exchequer 1717-1718.
PC 1714
5 Feb 1721
2
Philip Stanhope
14 Aug 1714
7 Mar 1786
71
7 Mar 1786
3
Charles Stanhope
3 Aug 1753
15 Dec 1816
63
MP for Wycombe 1780-1786
For further information on this peer,see the
note at the foot of this page
15 Dec 1816
4
Philip Henry Stanhope
7 Dec 1781
2 Mar 1855
73
MP for Wendover 1806-1807, Hull 1807-
1812 and Midhurst 1812-1816
2 Mar 1855
5
Philip Henry Stanhope
30 Jan 1805
24 Dec 1875
70
MP for Wootton Basset 1830-1832 and
Hertford 1832-1852
24 Dec 1875
6
Arthur Philip Stanhope
13 Sep 1838
19 Apr 1905
66
MP for Leominster 1868 and Suffolk East
1870-1875. Lord Lieutenant Kent 1890-1905
19 Apr 1905
7
James Richard Stanhope
11 Nov 1880
15 Aug 1967
86
to
First Commissioner of Works 1936-1937.
15 Aug 1967
President of the Board of Education 1937-
1938. First Lord of the Admiralty 1938-1939
Lord President of the Council 1939-1940.
PC 1929
KG 1934
On his death the Earldom became extinct
whilst the Viscountcy and Barony passed to
the 11th Earl of Harrington (qv)
STANHOPE OF HARRINGTON
2 May 1605
B
1
Sir John Stanhope
9 Mar 1621
Created Baron Stanhope of Harrington
2 May 1605
9 Mar 1621
2
Charles Stanhope
27 Apr 1595
3 Dec 1675
80
to
Peerage extinct on his death
3 Dec 1675
STANHOPE OF SHELFORD
7 Nov 1616
B
1
Philip Stanhope
1584
12 Sep 1656
72
Created Baron Stanhope of Shelford
7 Nov 1616
He was subsequently created Earl of
Chesterfield (qv) in 1628
STANLEY
15 Jan 1456
B
1
Thomas Stanley
c 1405
20 Feb 1459
Summoned to Parliament as Lord
Stanley 15 Jan 1456
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1431-1436.
KG 1457
20 Feb 1459
2
Thomas Stanley,later [1485] 1st Earl of Derby
c 1435
29 Jul 1504
29 Jul 1504
3
Thomas Stanley,2nd Earl of Derby
by 1485
23 May 1521
23 May 1521
4
Edward Stanley,3rd Earl of Derby
10 May 1509
24 Oct 1572
63
24 Oct 1572
5
Henry Stanley,4th Earl of Derby
29 Sep 1593
29 Sep 1593
6
Ferdinando Stanley,5th Earl of Derby
1559
16 Apr 1594
34
to
On his death the peerage fell into abeyance
16 Apr 1594
7 Mar 1921
7
Edith Maud Abney-Hastings,Countess of Loudoun
13 May 1883
24 Feb 1960
76
to
Abeyance terminated in her favour,but the title
24 Feb 1960
again fell into abeyance upon her death
STANLEY OF ALDERLEY
9 May 1839
B
1
Sir John Thomas Stanley,7th baronet
26 Nov 1766
23 Oct 1850
83
Created Baron Stanley of Alderley
9 May 1839
MP for Wootton Basset 1790-1796
23 Oct 1850
2
Edward John Stanley
13 Nov 1802
16 Jun 1869
66
Created Baron Eddisbury 12 May 1848
MP for Hindon 1831-1832 and Cheshire
North 1832-1841 and 1847-1848. Vice
President of the Board of Trade 1852 and
1853-1855. President of the Board of Trade
1855-1858. Postmaster General 1860-1866.
PC 1841.
16 Jun 1869
3
Henry Edward John Stanley
11 Jul 1827
10 Dec 1903
76
For further information on this peer, see the foot
of this page
10 Dec 1903
4
Edward Lyulph Stanley
16 May 1839
18 Mar 1925
85
MP for Oldham 1880-1885.
PC 1910
Succeeded to the Barony of Sheffield 1909
18 Mar 1925
5
Arthur Lyulph Stanley
14 Sep 1875
22 Aug 1931
55
MP for Eddisbury 1906-1910. Governor of
Victoria 1914-1920
22 Aug 1931
6
Edward John Stanley
9 Oct 1907
5 Mar 1971
63
5 Mar 1971
7
Lyulph Henry Victor Owen Stanley
22 Oct 1915
23 Jun 1971
55
23 Jun 1971
8
Thomas Henry Oliver Stanley
28 Sep 1927
STANLEY OF BICKERSTAFFE
22 Dec 1832
B
1
Edward Smith-Stanley
21 Apr 1775
30 Jun 1851
76
Created Baron Stanley of
Bickerstaffe 22 Dec 1832
See "Derby"
****************
4 Nov 1844
Edward Geoffrey Smith-Stanley
19 Mar 1799
23 Oct 1869
70
He was summoned to Parliament by Writ of
Acceleration as Baron Stanley of Bickerstaffe
4 Nov 1844
He succeeded as Earl of Derby (qv) in 1851
STANLEY OF PRESTON
27 Aug 1886
B
1
Frederick Arthur Stanley
15 Jan 1841
14 Jun 1908
67
Created Baron Stanley of Preston
27 Aug 1886
See "Derby"
STANMORE
21 Aug 1893
B
1
Sir Arthur Hamilton-Gordon
26 Nov 1829
30 Jan 1912
82
Created Baron Stanmore 21 Aug 1893
MP for Beverley 1854-1857. Governor of
New Brunswick 1861-1866, Trinidad 1866-
1870, Mauritius 1871-1874, Fiji 1875-1880,
New Zealand 1880-1882 and Ceylon 1883-
1890
30 Jan 1912
2
George Arthur Morris Hamilton-Gordon
3 Jan 1871
13 Apr 1957
86
to
PC 1932
13 Apr 1957
Peerage extinct on his death
STANSGATE
12 Jan 1942
V
1
William Wedgwood Benn
10 May 1877
17 Nov 1960
83
Created Viscount Stansgate 12 Jan 1942
MP for St.Georges,Tower Hamlets 1906-
1918, Leith 1918-1927, Aberdeen North
1928-1931 and Gorton 1937-1941. Secretary
of State for India 1929-1931. Secretary of
State for Air 1945-1946.
PC 1929
17 Nov 1960
2
Anthony Neil Wedgwood Benn
3 Apr 1925
to
MP for Bristol SE 1950-1960 and 1963-1983
31 Jul 1963
and Chesterfield 1984-2001
Postmaster General 1964-1966. Minister
of Technology 1966-1970. Minister of Power
1969-1970. Secretary of State for Industry
1974-1975. Secretary of State for Energy
1975-1979.
PC 1964
He disclaimed the peerage for life 1963
STAPLETON
8 Jan 1313
B
1
Miles Stapleton
24 Jun 1314
Summoned to Parliament as Lord
Stapleton 8 Jan 1313
24 Jun 1314
2
Nicholas Stapleton
1342
1342
3
Miles Stapleton
c 1318
Dec 1372
Dec 1372
4
Thomas Stapleton
c 1350
10 Aug 1373
to
On his death the peerage became dormant
10 Aug 1373
STAVORDALE
12 Jan 1747
B
1
Stephen Fox-Strangways
12 Sep 1704
26 Sep 1776
72
Created Baron Ilchester 11 May 1741,Baron
Ilchester and Stavordale 12 Jan 1747,and
Earl of Ilchester 17 Jun 1756
See "Ilchester"
STAWELL
15 Jan 1683
B
1
Ralph Stawell
c 1640
5 Aug 1689
Created Baron Stawell 15 Jan 1683
MP for Bridgwater Oct 1679
5 Aug 1689
2
John Stawell
c 1669
30 Nov 1692
30 Nov 1692
3
William Stawell
c 1683
23 Jan 1742
23 Jan 1742
4
Edward Stawell
c 1685
13 Apr 1755
to
Peerage extinct on his death
13 Apr 1755
--------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------
21 May 1760
B
1
Mary Bilson-Legge
12 Feb 1726
29 Jul 1780
54
Created Baroness Stawell 21 May 1760
29 Jul 1780
2
Henry Stawel Bilson-Legge
22 Feb 1757
25 Aug 1820
63
to
Peerage extinct on his death
25 Aug 1820
STEDMAN
25 Jun 1974
B[L]
1
Phyllis Stedman
14 Jul 1916
8 Jun 1996
79
to
Created Baroness Stedman 25 Jun 1974
8 Jun 1996
Peerage extinct on her death
STEDMAN-SCOTT
12 Jul 2010
B[L]
1
Deborah Stedman-Scott
Created Baroness Stedman-Scott for life
12 Jul 2010
STEEL OF AIKWOOD
6 Jun 1997
B[L]
1
David Martin Scott Steel
31 Mar 1938
Created Baron Steel of Aikwood
6 Jun 1997
MP for Roxburgh,Selkirk and Peebles 1965-
1983 and Tweeddale,Ettrick and Lauderdale
1983-1997.
PC 1977
KT 2004
STEINBERG
23 Jun 2004
B[L]
1
Leonard Steinberg
1 Aug 1936
2 Nov 2009
73
to
Created Baron Steinberg 23 Jun 2004
2 Nov 2009
Peerage extinct on his death
STEPHEN
2 Feb 2011
B[L]
1
Nicol Ross Stephen
23 Mar 1960
Created Baron Stephen for life 2 Feb 2011
MP for Kincardine & Deeside 1991-1992
STERLING OF PLAISTOW
17 Jan 1991
B[L]
1
Jeffrey Maurice Sterling
27 Dec 1934
Created Baron Sterling of Plaistow
17 Jan 1991
STERN
13 Jul 1999
B[L]
1
Vivien Helen Stern
25 Sep 1941
Created Baroness Stern 13 Jul 1999
STERN OF BRENTFORD
10 Dec 2007
B[L]
1
Nicholas Herbert Stern
22 Apr 1946
Created Baron Stern of Brentford 10 Dec 2007
STERNDALE
14 Nov 1918
B
1
William Pickford
1 Oct 1848
7 Aug 1923
74
to
Created Baron Sterndale 14 Nov 1918
7 Aug 1923
Lord Justice of Appeal 1914. Master of the
Rolls 1919.
PC 1914
Peerage extinct on his death
STEVENS OF KIRKWHELPINGTON
6 Apr 2005
B[L]
1
John Arthur Stevens
21 Oct 1942
Created Baron Stevens of Kirkwhelpington
for life 6 Apr 2005
STEVENS OF LUDGATE
27 Mar 1987
B[L]
1
David Robert Stevens
26 May 1936
Created Baron Stevens of Ludgate for life
27 Mar 1987
STEVENSON
7 May 1924
B
1
Sir James Stevenson,1st baronet
2 Apr 1873
10 Jun 1926
53
to
Created Baron Stevenson 7 May 1924
10 Jun 1926
Peerage extinct on his death
STEVENSON OF BALMACARA
13 Jul 2010
B[L]
1
Robert Wilfrid Stevenson
Created Baron Stevenson of Balmacara for
life 13 Jul 2010
STEVENSON OF CODDENHAM
13 Jul 1999
B[L]
1
Henry Dennistoun Stevenson
19 Jul 1945
Created Baron Stevenson of Coddenham
for life 13 Jul 1999
STEWART OF ALVECHURCH
15 Jan 1975
B[L]
1
Mary Elizabeth Henderson Stewart
8 May 1903
28 Dec 1984
81
to
Created Baroness Stewart of
28 Dec 1984
Alvechurch 15 Jan 1975
Peerage extinct on her death
STEWART OF FULHAM
5 Jul 1979
B[L]
1
Robert Michael Maitland Stewart
6 Nov 1906
10 Mar 1990
83
to
Created Baron Stewart of Fulham
10 Mar 1990
5 Jul 1979
MP for Fulham East 1945-1955 and Fulham
1955-1979. Secretary of State for
Education and Science 1964-1965. Foreign
Secretary 1965-1966. First Secretary of
State 1966-1968. Foreign Secretary 1968-
1970.
PC 1964
CH 1969
Peerage extinct on his death
STEWART OF GARLIES
6 Jun 1796
B
1
John Stewart,Earl of Galloway
13 Mar 1736
13 Nov 1806
70
Created Baron Stewart of Garlies
6 Jun 1796
See "Galloway"
STEWART OF RAMALTON
19 Mar 1683
V[I]
1
William Stewart
24 Aug 1692
Created Baron Stewart of Ramalton
and Viscount Mountjoy 19 Mar 1683
See "Mountjoy" - extinct 1769
STEWART OF STEWART'S COURT
1 Jul 1814
B
1
Charles William Vane
18 May 1778
6 Mar 1854
75
Created Baron Stewart of Stewart's
Court 1 Jul 1814
See "Londonderry"
STEWARTBY
20 Jul 1992
B[L]
1
Bernard Harold Ian Halley Stewart
10 Aug 1935
Created Baron Stewartby 20 Jul 1992
MP for Hitchin 1974-1983 and Hertfordshire
North 1983-1992. Economic Secretary to
the Treasury 1983-1987. Minister of State,
Armed Forces 1987-1988. Minister of State,
Northern Ireland 1988-1989.
PC 1989
STEYN
11 Jan 1995
B[L]
1
Johan van Zyl Steyn
15 Aug 1932
Created Baron Steyn 11 Jan 1995
Lord Justice of Appeal 1992-1995. Lord of
Appeal in Ordinary 1995-2005
PC 1992
STIRLING
14 Jun 1633
E[S]
1
Sir William Alexander,1st baronet
c 1576
12 Feb 1640
Created Lord Alexander of Tullibody
and Viscount of Stirling 4 Sep 1630,
and Lord Alexander of Tullibody,
Viscount Canada and Earl of Stirling
14 Jun 1633
Secretary of State [S] 1636-1640
12 Feb 1640
2
William Alexander
May 1640
May 1640
3
Henry Alexander
Aug 1644
Aug 1644
4
Henry Alexander
11 Feb 1691
MP for Berkshire 1678
11 Feb 1691
5
Henry Alexander
7 Nov 1664
4 Dec 1739
75
to
On his death the peerages became dormant
4 Dec 1739
For an account of the claim made to this peerage
in the 1830s, see the note at the foot of this page
STIRRUP
31 Jan 2011
B[L]
1
Sir Graham Eric (Jock) Stirrup
4 Dec 1949
Created Baron Stirrup for life 31 Jan 2011
Chief of Defence Staff 2006-2010
STOCKS
17 Jan 1966
B[L]
1
Mary Danvers Stocks
25 Jul 1891
6 Jul 1975
83
to
Created Baroness Stocks 17 Jan 1966
6 Jul 1975
Peerage extinct on her death
STOCKTON
24 Feb 1984
E
1
Maurice Harold Macmillan
10 Feb 1894
29 Dec 1986
92
Created Viscount Macmillan of Ovenden
and Earl of Stockton 24 Feb 1984
MP for Stockton 1924-1929 and 1931-1945
and Bromley 1945-1964. Secretary of State
for Air 1945. Minister of Housing and Local
Government 1951-1954. Minister of
Defence 1954-1955. Foreign Secretary 1955
Chancellor of the Exchequer 1955-1957.
Prime Minister 1957-1963.
PC 1942
OM 1975
29 Dec 1986
2
Alexander Daniel Alan Macmillan
10 Oct 1943
STODART OF LEASTON
1 Jun 1981
B[L]
1
James Anthony Stodart
6 Jun 1916
31 May 2003
86
to
Created Baron Stodart of Leaston
31 May 2003
1 Jun 1981
MP for Edinburgh West 1959-1974. Minister
of State Agriculture & Fisheries 1972-1974.
PC 1974
Peerage extinct on his death
STODDART OF SWINDON
14 Sep 1983
B[L]
1
David Leonard Stoddart
4 May 1926
Created Baron Stoddart of Swindon
14 Sep 1983
MP for Swindon 1970-1983
STOKE
19 Jul 1619
B
1
John Villiers
c 1590
18 Feb 1657
to
Created Baron Stoke and Viscount
18 Feb 1657
Purbeck 19 Jul 1619
Peerages extinct on his death
STOKES
9 Jan 1969
B[L]
1
Donald Gresham Stokes
22 Mar 1914
21 Jul 2008
94
to
Created Baron Stokes 9 Jan 1969
21 Jul 2008
Peerage extinct on his death
STONE
24 Jun 1976
B[L]
1
Joseph Ellis Stone
27 May 1903
17 Jul 1986
83
to
Created Baron Stone 24 Jun 1976
17 Jul 1986
Peerage extinct on his death
STONE OF BLACKHEATH
29 Oct 1997
B[L]
1
Andrew Zelig Stone
7 Sep 1942
Created Baron Stone of Blackheath
29 Oct 1997
STONEHAM OF DROXFORD
16 Jan 2011
B[L]
1
Benjamin Stoneham
Created Baron Stoneham of Droxford for life
16 Jan 2011
STONEHAVEN
27 Jun 1938
V
1
Sir John Lawrence Baird,2nd baronet
27 Apr 1874
20 Aug 1941
67
Created Baron Stonehaven 12 Jun 1925
and Viscount Stonehaven 27 Jun 1938
MP for Rugby 1910-1922 and Ayr Burghs
1922-1925. Minister of Transport and
First Commissioner of Works 1922-1924.
Governor General of Australia 1925-1930
PC 1922
20 Aug 1941
2
James Ian Baird
25 Jul 1908
1 Oct 1989
81
He succeeded to the Earldom of Kintore (qv)
in 1974 with which title the Viscountcy
remains merged
STONHAM
2 Aug 1958
B[L]
1
Victor John Collins
1 Jul 1903
22 Dec 1971
68
to
Created Baron Stonham 2 Aug 1958
22 Dec 1971
MP for Taunton 1945-1950 and Shoreditch
and Finsbury 1954-1958. Minister of State,
Home Office 1967-1969.
PC 1969
Peerage extinct on his death
STOPFORD
12 Apr 1762
V[I]
1
James Stopford,Baron Courtown
c 1700
12 Jan 1770
Created Viscount Stopford and Earl of
Courtown 12 Apr 1762
See "Courtown"
STOPFORD OF FALLOWFIELD
5 Aug 1958
B[L]
1
John Sebastian Bach Stopford
25 Jun 1888
6 Mar 1961
72
to
Created Baron Stopford of
6 Mar 1961
Fallowfield 5 Aug 1958
Peerage extinct on his death
STOREY
1 Feb 2011
B[L]
1
Mike Storey
Created Baron Storey for life 1 Feb 2011
STORMONT
16 Aug 1621
V[S]
1
Sir David Murray
27 Aug 1631
Created Lord Scone 7 Apr 1605 and
Viscount of Stormont 16 Aug 1621
27 Aug 1631
2
Mungo Murray
Mar 1642
Mar 1642
3
James Murray,Earl of Annandale
28 Dec 1658
28 Dec 1658
4
David Murray,2nd Lord Balvaird
24 Jul 1668
24 Jul 1668
5
David Murray
19 Nov 1731
19 Nov 1731
6
David Murray
c 1689
23 Jul 1748
23 Jul 1748
7
David Murray
9 Oct 1727
1 Sep 1796
68
He succeeded to the Earldom of Mansfield
(qv) in 1793 with which title this peerage
then merged
STOURTON
13 May 1448
B
1
Sir John Stourton
19 May 1400
25 Nov 1462
62
Created Baron Stourton 13 May 1448
25 Nov 1462
2
William Stourton
c 1430
18 Feb 1479
18 Feb 1479
3
John Stourton
c 1454
6 Oct 1485
6 Oct 1485
4
Francis Stourton
1485
18 Feb 1487
1
18 Feb 1487
5
William Stourton
c 1457
17 Feb 1523
17 Feb 1523
6
Edward Stourton
c 1463
13 Dec 1535
13 Dec 1535
7
William Stourton
c 1505
16 Sep 1548
16 Sep 1548
8
Charles Stourton
c 1520
6 Mar 1557
For further information on this peer, see the
note at the foot of this page.
6 Mar 1557
9
John Stourton
Jan 1553
13 Oct 1588
35
13 Oct 1588
10
Edward Stourton
c 1555
7 May 1633
7 May 1633
11
William Stourton
c 1594
25 Apr 1672
25 Apr 1672
12
William Stourton
7 Aug 1685
7 Aug 1685
13
Edward Stourton
24 Jun 1665
6 Oct 1720
55
6 Oct 1720
14
Thomas Stourton
14 Jun 1667
24 Mar 1744
76
24 Mar 1744
15
Charles Stourton
2 Mar 1702
11 Mar 1753
51
11 Mar 1753
16
William Stourton
Aug 1704
3 Oct 1781
77
3 Oct 1781
17
Charles Philip Stourton
22 Aug 1752
29 Apr 1816
63
29 Apr 1816
18
William Stourton
6 Jun 1776
4 Dec 1846
70
4 Dec 1846
19
Charles Stourton
13 Jul 1802
23 Dec 1872
70
23 Dec 1872
20
Alfred Joseph Stourton
28 Feb 1829
18 Apr 1893
64
The abeyance of the Baronies of Mowbray
and Segrave (qqv) were terminated in his
favour on 3 Jan 1878 and 18 Jan 1878
respectively when this peerage merged with
the other two
STOWELL
17 Jul 1821
B
1
William Scott
28 Oct 1745
28 Jan 1836
90
to
Created Baron Stowell 17 Jul 1821
28 Jan 1836
MP for Downton 1790-1801 and Oxford
University 1801-1821
PC 1798
Peerage extinct on his death
STOWELL OF BEESTON
10 Jan 2011
B[L]
1
Tina Wendy Stowell
Created Baroness Stowell of Beeston for life
10 Jan 2011
STOW HILL
7 Jun 1966
B[L]
1
Frank Soskice
23 Jul 1902
1 Jan 1979
76
to
Created Baron Stow Hill 7 Jun 1966
1 Jan 1979
MP for Birkenhead East 1945-1950, Neepsend
1950-1955 and Newport (Monmouth) 1956-1966.
Solicitor General 1945-1951. Attorney
General 1951. Home Secretary 1964-1965.
Lord Privy Seal 1966.
PC 1948
Peerage extinct on his death
STRABANE
8 May 1617
B[I]
1
James Hamilton
Created Lord Hamilton,Baron of
Strabane 8 May 1617
He resigned the peerage in 1633 in
favour of -
1633
2
Claud Hamilton
14 Jun 1638
14 Jun 1638
3
James Hamilton
16 Jun 1655
16 Jun 1655
4
George Hamilton
14 Apr 1668
14 Apr 1668
5
Claud Hamilton,later [by 1683] 4th Earl of Abercorn
13 Sep 1659
1690
30
He was outlawed after his death, and the
Barony of Hamilton of Strabane [I] was
forfeited 11 May 1691
24 May 1692
6
Charles Hamilton,5th Earl of Abercorn
Jun 1701
He obtained a reversal of the attainder in 1692
Jun 1701
7
James Hamilton,6th Earl of Abercorn
1661
28 Nov 1734
73
2 Sep 1701
V[I]
1
Created Viscount Strabane [I] and
Baron Mountcastle [I] 2 Sep 1701
He had previously succeeded to the Earldom of
Abercorn (qv) with which title this peerage
then merged
STRABOLGI
20 Oct 1318
B
1
David de Strabolgi,formerly Earl of Atholl (qv)
28 Dec 1327
Summoned to Parliament as Lord
Strabolgi 20 Oct 1318
28 Dec 1327
2
David de Strabolgi
1 Feb 1309
30 Nov 1335
26
30 Nov 1335
3
David de Strabolgi
1332
10 Oct 1369
37
to
On his death the peerage fell into abeyance
10 Oct 1369
8 Apr 1496
4
Edward Burgh
20 Aug 1528
Abeyance terminated in his favour
20 Aug 1528
5
Thomas Burgh
28 Feb 1550
28 Feb 1550
6
William Burgh
10 Sep 1584
10 Sep 1584
7
Thomas Burgh
14 Oct 1597
14 Oct 1597
8
Robert Burgh
26 Feb 1602
to
On his death the peerage again fell into
26 Feb 1602
abeyance
9 May 1916
9
Cuthbert Matthias Kenworthy
24 Feb 1853
12 Feb 1934
80
Abeyance terminated in his favour
12 Feb 1934
10
Joseph Montague Kenworthy
7 Mar 1886
8 Oct 1953
67
MP for Hull Central 1919-1931
8 Oct 1953
11
David Montague de Burgh Kenworthy
1 Nov 1914
24 Dec 2010
96
24 Dec 2010
12
Andrew David Whitley Kenworthy
25 Jan 1967
STRACHIE
3 Nov 1911
B
1
Sir Edward Strachey,4th baronet
30 Oct 1858
25 Jul 1936
77
Created Baron Strachie 3 Nov 1911
MP for Somerset South 1892-1911.
Paymaster General 1912-1915. PC 1912
25 Jul 1936
2
Edward Strachey
13 Jan 1882
17 May 1973
91
to
Peerage extinct on his death
17 May 1973
STRADBROKE
18 Jul 1821
E
1
Sir John Rous,6th baronet
30 May 1750
27 Aug 1827
77
Created Baron Rous 14 Jun 1796, and
Viscount Dunwich and Earl of
Stradbroke 18 Jul 1821
MP for Suffolk 1780-1796
27 Aug 1827
2
John Edward Cornwallis Rous
13 Feb 1794
27 Jan 1886
91
Lord Lieutenant Suffolk 1844-1886
27 Jan 1886
3
John Mowbray Rous
19 Nov 1862
30 Dec 1947
85
Governor of Victoria 1920-1926. Lord
Lieutenant Suffolk 1935-1947
30 Dec 1947
4
John Anthony Alexander Rous
1 Apr 1903
14 Jul 1983
80
Lord Lieutenanr Suffolk 1948-1978
14 Jul 1983
5
Robert Keith Rous
25 Mar 1937
STRAFFORD
12 Jan 1640
E
1
Sir Thomas Wentworth,2nd baronet
13 Apr 1593
12 May 1641
48
to
Created Baron Wentworth and Baron
12 May 1641
of Newmarch and Oversley
22 Jul 1628,Viscount Wentworth
13 Dec 1628 and Baron Raby and Earl
of Strafford 12 Jan 1640
MP for Yorkshire 1621-1622, 1625 and 1628
and Pontefract 1624. Lord Lieutenant
Yorkshire 1628. Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
1633-1641. KG 1640
He was attainted and the peerage
forfeited
1 Dec 1641
1
William Wentworth
8 Jun 1626
16 Oct 1695
69
19 May 1662
2
Created Baron Wentworth,Baron
to
of Newmarch and Oversley,Baron of
16 Oct 1695
Raby,Viscount Wentworth and
Earl of Strafford 1 Dec 1641
He obtained a reversal of the attainder in
1662.
KG 1661
All peerages except the Barony of Raby
extinct on his death
--------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------
29 Jun 1711
E
1
Thomas Wentworth,3rd Baron Raby
17 Sep 1672
15 Nov 1739
67
Created Viscount Wentworth and Earl
of Strafford 29 Jun 1711
First Lord of the Admiralty 1712-1714.
PC 1711
KG 1712
15 Nov 1739
2
William Wentworth
Mar 1722
10 Mar 1791
69
10 Mar 1791
3
Frederick Thomas Wentworth
25 Feb 1742
6 Aug 1799
57
to
Peerages extinct on his death
6 Aug 1799
--------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------
18 Sep 1847
E
1
Sir John Byng
1772
3 Jun 1860
87
Created Baron Strafford 12 May 1835
and Viscount Enfield and Earl of
Strafford 18 Sep 1847
MP for Poole 1832-1835. Field Marshal 1855
PC [I] 1828
3 Jun 1860
2
George Stevens Byng
8 Jun 1806
29 Oct 1886
80
MP for Milborne Port 1830-1831 and 1831-1832,
Chatham 1834-1835 and 1837-1853 and Poole
1835-1837.
PC 1835
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
Acceleration as Baron Strafford 8 Apr 1853
29 Oct 1886
3
George Henry Charles Byng
22 Feb 1830
28 Mar 1898
68
MP for Tavistock 1852-1857 and Middlesex
1857-1874. Lord Lieutenant Middlesex 1884-1898
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
Acceleration as Baron Strafford 26 Feb 1874
28 Mar 1898
4
Henry William John Byng
21 Aug 1831
16 May 1899
67
For further information on the death of this peer,
see the note at the foot of this page.
16 May 1899
5
Francis Edmund Cecil Byng
15 Jan 1835
18 Jan 1918
83
18 Jan 1918
6
Edmund Henry Byng
27 Jan 1862
24 Dec 1951
89
24 Dec 1951
7
Robert Cecil Byng
29 Jul 1904
4 Mar 1984
79
4 Mar 1984
8
Thomas Edmund Byng
26 Sep 1936
STRANG
16 Jan 1954
B
1
William Strang
2 Jan 1893
27 May 1978
85
Created Baron Strang 16 Jan 1954
27 May 1978
2
Colin Strang
12 Jun 1922
STRANGE
24 Jun 1295
B
1
Roger le Strange
1311
to
Summoned to Parliament as Lord
1311
Strange 24 Jun 1295
Peerage extinct on his death
--------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------
3 Dec 1325
B
1
Sir Eubulus le Strange
1335
to
Summoned to Parliament as Lord
1335
Strange 3 Dec 1325
Peerage extinct on his death
--------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------
7 Mar 1628
B
1
James Stanley
3 Sep 1651
Summoned to Parliament as Lord
Strange 7 Mar 1628
Succeeded as 7th Earl of Derby (qv) 1642
For further information on this peerage, which was
created in error, see the note at the foot of this
page
3 Sep 1651
2
Charles Stanley,8th Earl of Derby
19 Jan 1628
21 Dec 1672
44
21 Dec 1672
3
William George Richard Stanley,
to
9th Earl of Derby
c 1655
5 Nov 1702
5 Nov 1702
On his death the peerage fell into abeyance
23 Apr 1714
4
Henrietta Ashburnham
26 Jun 1718
She became sole heir in 1714
26 Jun 1718
5
Henrietta Bridget Ashburnham
8 Aug 1732
8 Aug 1732
6
James Stanley,10th Earl of Derby
3 Jul 1664
1 Feb 1736
71
1 Feb 1736
7
James Murray,2nd Duke of Atholl
28 Sep 1690
8 Jan 1764
73
8 Jan 1764
8
Charlotte Murray
c 1731
13 Oct 1805
13 Oct 1805
9
John Murray,4th Duke of Atholl
30 Jun 1755
29 Sep 1830
75
18 Aug 1786
E
1
Created Baron Murray of Stanley
and Earl Strange 18 Aug 1786
29 Sep 1830
10
John Murray,5th Duke of Atholl
26 Jun 1778
14 Sep 1846
68
2
14 Sep 1846
11
George Murray,6th Duke of Atholl
20 Sep 1814
16 Jan 1864
49
3
16 Jan 1864
12
John James Stewart-Murray,7th Duke of Atholl
6 Aug 1840
20 Jan 1917
76
4
20 Jan 1917
13
John George Stewart-Murray,8th Duke of
5
Atholl
15 Dec 1871
16 Mar 1942
70
16 Mar 1942
14
James Thomas Murray,9th Duke of Atholl
18 Aug 1879
8 May 1957
77
to
6
On his death the Earldom became extinct
8 May 1957
whilst the Barony fell into abeyance
1965
15
John Drummond
6 May 1900
13 Apr 1982
81
to
Abeyance terminated in his favour. On
13 Apr 1982
his death the peerage again fell into
abeyance
1986
16
Jean Cherry Drummond
17 Dec 1928
11 Mar 2005
76
Abeyance terminated in her favour
11 Mar 2005
17
Adam Humphrey Drummond
20 Apr 1953
STRANGE DE BLACKMERE
13 Jan 1309
B
1
Fulk le Strange
1267
23 Jan 1324
56
Summoned to Parliament as Lord
Strange 13 Jan 1309
23 Jan 1324
2
John le Strange
1305
21 Jul 1349
44
21 Jul 1349
3
Fulk le Strange
1320
30 Sep 1349
29
30 Sep 1349
4
John le Strange
1332
12 May 1361
28
12 May 1361
5
John le Strange
1353
3 Aug 1375
22
3 Aug 1375
6
Elizabeth Mowbray
6 Dec 1373
23 Aug 1383
9
23 Aug 1383
7
Ankaret Talbot
1361
1 Jun 1413
51
1 Jun 1413
8
Gilbert Talbot,Lord Talbot
19 Oct 1419
19 Oct 1419
9
Ankaret Talbot
13 Dec 1421
13 Dec 1421
10
John Talbot
He was created Earl of Shrewsbury (qv) in
1442 with which title this peerage then
merged until it fell into abeyance in 1616
STRANGE DE KNOKIN
29 Dec 1299
B
1
John le Strange
c 1254
8 Aug 1309
Summoned to Parliament as Lord
Strange de Knokin 29 Dec 1299
8 Aug 1309
2
John le Strange
c 1282
1311
1311
3
John le Strange
c 1297
1323
1323
4
Roger le Strange
15 Aug 1301
29 Jul 1349
47
29 Jul 1349
5
Roger le Strange
c 1326
26 Aug 1392
26 Aug 1392
6
John le Strange
c 1350
28 Jul 1397
28 Jul 1397
7
Richard le Strange
1 Aug 1381
9 Aug 1449
68
9 Aug 1449
8
John le Strange
c 1440
15 Oct 1477
15 Oct 1477
9
Joan le Strange
c 1460
20 Mar 1514
She married George Stanley who was
summoned to parliament in her right in 1482
He died 5 Dec 1497. KG 1487
20 Mar 1514
10
Thomas Stanley,2nd Earl of Derby
by 1485
23 May 1521
23 May 1521
11
Edward Stanley,3rd Earl of Derby
10 May 1509
24 Oct 1572
63
24 Oct 1572
12
Henry Stanley,4th Earl of Derby
25 Sep 1593
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
Acceleration as Baron Strange 23 Jan 1559
25 Sep 1593
13
Ferdinando Stanley,5th Earl of Derby
16 Apr 1594
to
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
16 Apr 1594
Acceleration as Baron Strange 28 Jan 1589
On his death the peerage fell into abeyance
23 Feb 1921
14
Elizabeth Frances Philipps
19 Jun 1884
12 Dec 1974
90
Abeyance terminated in her favour 1921
12 Dec 1974
15
Jestyn Reginald Austen Plantagenet
Philipps,2nd Viscount St.Davids
19 Feb 1917
10 Jun 1991
74
10 Jun 1991
16
Colwyn Jestyn John Philipps,3rd Viscount
St.Davids
20 Jan 1939
26 Apr 2009
70
26 Apr 2009
17
Rhodri Colwyn Philipps,4th Viscount St.Davids
16 Sep 1966
STRANGFORD
17 Jul 1628
V[I]
1
Sir Thomas Smythe
c 1599
30 Jun 1635
Created Viscount Strangford
17 Jul 1628
30 Jun 1635
2
Philip Smythe
23 Mar 1634
8 Aug 1708
74
MP for Hythe 1660-1661
8 Aug 1708
3
Endymion Smythe
9 Nov 1724
9 Nov 1724
4
Philip Smythe
14 Mar 1715
29 Apr 1787
72
29 Apr 1787
5
Lionel Smythe
19 May 1753
1 Oct 1801
48
1 Oct 1801
6
Percy Clinton Sydney Smythe
31 Aug 1780
29 May 1855
74
Created Baron Penshurst 26 Jan 1825
PC 1808
29 May 1855
7
George Augustus Frederick Percy
Sydney Smythe
16 Apr 1818
23 Nov 1857
39
MP for Canterbury 1840-1852
23 Nov 1857
8
Percy Ellen Algernon Frederick William
to
Sydney Smythe
26 Nov 1825
9 Jan 1869
43
9 Jan 1869
Peerages extinct on his death
STRASBURGER
10 Jan 2011
B[L]
1
Paul Cline Strasburger
Created Baron Strasburger for life 10 Jan 2011
STRATFORD
23 Jun 2005
B[L]
1
Anthony Louis Banks
8 Apr 1943
8 Jan 2006
62
to
Created Baron Stratford 23 Jun 2005
8 Jan 2006
MP for Newham NW 1983-1997 and West Ham
1997-2005.
Peerage extinct on his death
STRATFORD DE REDCLIFFE
26 Apr 1852
V
1
Sir Stratford Canning
4 Nov 1786
14 Aug 1880
93
to
Created Viscount Stratford de
14 Aug 1880
Redcliffe 26 Apr 1852
MP for Old Sarum 1828-1830, Stockbridge
1831-1832 and Kings Lynn 1835-1842. PC 1820
KG 1869
Peerage extinct on his death
STRATHALLAN
16 Aug 1686
V[S]
1
William Drummond
c 1617
23 Mar 1688
Created Lord Drummond of Cromlix
and Viscount Strathallan 16 Aug 1686
23 Mar 1688
2
William Drummond
8 Aug 1670
7 Jul 1702
31
7 Jul 1702
3
William Drummond
1694
26 May 1711
16
26 May 1711
4
William Drummond
14 Apr 1746
14 Apr 1746
5
James Drummond
10 Jun 1722
22 Jun 1765
43
to
He was attainted and the peerage forfeited
18 Apr 1746
[22 Jun 1765]
[James Drummond]
10 Dec 1775
[10 Dec 1775]
[Andrew John Drummond]
1758
20 Jan 1817
58
[20 Jan 1817]
James Andrew John Laurence Charles
17 Jun 1824
6
Drummond
24 Mar 1767
14 May 1851
84
He obtained a reversal of the attainder in
1824.
MP for Perthshire 1812-1824
14 May 1851
7
William Henry Drummond
5 Mar 1810
23 Jan 1886
75
23 Jan 1886
8
James David Drummond
23 Oct 1839
5 Dec 1893
54
5 Dec 1893
9
William Huntley Drummond
5 Aug 1871
20 Aug 1937
66
He succeeded to the Earldom of Perth (qv)
in 1902 with which title this peerage then
merged
STRATHALMOND
18 Feb 1955
B
1
William Fraser
3 Nov 1888
1 Apr 1970
81
Created Baron Strathalmond
18 Feb 1955
1 Apr 1970
2
William Fraser
8 May 1916
27 Oct 1976
60
27 Oct 1976
3
William Robertson Fraser
22 Jul 1947
STRATHAVON
3 Nov 1684
B [S]
1
George Gordon,Marquess of Huntly
c 1643
7 Dec 1716
Created Lord Badenoch,Lochaber,
Strathavon,Balmore,Auchindoun,
Garthie and Kincardine,Viscount of
Inverness,Earl of Huntly and Enzie,
Marquess of Huntly and Duke of
Gordon 3 Nov 1684
See "Gordon" - extinct 1836
STRATHCARRON
11 Jan 1936
B
1
Sir James Ian Macpherson,1st baronet
14 May 1880
14 Aug 1937
57
Created Baron Strathcarron
11 Jan 1936
MP for Ross and Cromarty 1911-1935. Chief
Secretary for Ireland 1919-1920. Minister
of Pensions 1920-1922.
PC 1918
PC [I] 1918
14 Aug 1937
2
David William Anthony Blyth Macpherson
22 Jan 1924
31 Aug 2006
82
31 Aug 2006
3
Ian David Patrick Macpherson
31 Mar 1949
STRATHCLYDE
15 Jan 1914
B
1
Alexander Ure
22 Feb 1853
2 Oct 1928
75
to
Created Baron Strathclyde 15 Jan 1914
2 Oct 1928
MP for Linlithgowshire 1895-1913. Solicitor
General [S] 1905-1909. Lord Advocate 1909
Lord Justice General [S] 1913-1920.
PC 1909
Peerage extinct on his death
--------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------
4 May 1955
B
1
Thomas Dunlop Galbraith
20 Mar 1891
12 Jul 1985
94
Created Baron Strathclyde 4 May 1955
MP for Pollok 1940-1955. Minister of
State for Scotland 1955-1958.
PC 1953
12 Jul 1985
2
Thomas Galloway Dunlop du Roy de
Blicquy Galbraith
22 Feb 1960
PC 1995
STRATHCONA AND MOUNT ROYAL
23 Aug 1897
B
1
Donald Alexander Smith
6 Aug 1820
21 Jan 1914
93
to
Created Baron Strathcona and
21 Jan 1914
Mount Royal 23 Aug 1897 and
26 Jun 1900
B
1
26 Jun 1900
On his death the Barony of 1897 became
extinct whilst the Barony of 1900
passed to -
21 Jan 1914
2
Margaret Charlotte Howard
17 Jan 1854
18 Aug 1926
72
18 Aug 1926
3
Donald Stirling Palmer Howard
14 Jun 1891
22 Feb 1959
67
MP for Cumberland North 1922-1926
22 Feb 1959
4
Donald Evan Palmer Howard
26 Nov 1923
Wilfred Carlyle Stamp, 2nd Baron Stamp
On 16 April 1941, Josiah Charles Stamp, 1st Baron Stamp, together with his wife and eldest son,
Wilfred Carlyle Stamp, were killed when a German bomb hit their London house.
The question arose as to whether Lord Stamp or his son died first. If Lord Stamp died first, then
Wilfred succeeded as the 2nd Baron Stamp, even if only for a split second. If Wilfred died first,
then he never succeeded to the peerage. In either event, the peerage passed to the next
eldest son, Trevor Charles Stamp, so that, either way, the descent of the peerage was not
affected by the order of the deaths. However, the order of death would determine whether
Wilfred's surviving family would enjoy the rights and style of a peer's widow and daughters.
Questions of the order of death had often, over previous centuries, exercised the minds of the
Courts, and in particular the Probate Court, since, in default of evidence, there was no
presumption that one of several persons involved in the same event outlived the others. Many
early cases were more concerned with presumption of death. It was not uncommon 200 years
ago, at a time when passage from say, England to Australia, took many months, both for
people and for the mails, for people to leave England, either voluntarily or involuntarily, to be
never heard from again. Such events raised a number of questions - who was entitled to any
property left behind by the missing person?; at what point could a deserted spouse re-marry?
Over time, it became generally accepted that a period of 7 years was sufficient to presume
death.
The issue of presumption of death arises when there is no evidence of death, but what happens
when one person, and another who would benefit in some way by the death of the first person,
die in circumstances which render the order of their deaths uncertain? In most early cases, the
Courts looked at the nature of the disaster and the comparative robustness of the parties in
order to decide who had the best chance of surviving the other(s), even if only by a few
seconds. Consequently, if, for example, a husband and wife both died in the same event, the
Courts presumed that the husband, as the stronger party, survived his wife.
To settle this matter once and for all, the (British) Property Law Act of 1925 provided that 'in
all cases where, after the commencement of this Act, two or more persons have died in
circumstances rendering it uncertain which of them survived the other or others, such deaths
shall (subject to the order of the court), for all purposes affecting the title to property, be
presumed to have occurred in order of seniority, and accordingly the younger shall be deemed
to have survived the elder.' [It seems to me that this provision is, in some circumstances,
highly doubtful - if a 30 year old man and his 6 month old son are shipwrecked in freezing
waters, my money would be on the father surviving longer, but the law assumes the father dies
first.]
On 30 September 1941, based on the provision in the Property Law Act, the House of Lords
approved the issuing of a writ to Trevor Stamp as the 3rd Baron Stamp, thereby assuming that
Wilfred had succeeded as the 2nd Baron Stamp.
Charles Stanhope, 3rd Earl Stanhope
The following sketch of the 3rd Earl's life appeared in the Australian monthly magazine, "Parade'"
in its issue for April 1955:-
'Crackpot or genius? That is the question that seems to have baffled most of the biographers of
Charles Stanhope, 18th centruy statesman and scientist. Throughout his lifetime the eccentric
earl had his contemporary Englishmen alternately agog with admiration, roaring with laughter, or
white with fury; for his several outstanding achievements were so mixed with acts of what
appeared to be sheer lunacy, and his disposition was so "wayward and excitable," that even his
own family could not understand him.
'One of his three daughters, Lady Hester Stanhope, eventually went off to Arabia to live in the
desert like an Arab sheik; another eloped with the family apothecary.
'There was the time, for instance, when he invented a method of fire-proofing. At enormous
cost, the earl caused to be erected an elaborate building for the sole purpose of burning it
down. While the flames roared up from the basement, Stanhope sat in a room on the first floor
that he had fire-proofed, emerging slightly singed but otherwise unhurt, thereby proving the
merit of his invention. But it was a long time before people round about could be convinced that
he wasn't a dangerous lunatic.
'A scion of one of England's noblest and richest families, he was born in London in 1753. Even as
a child he showed interest in scientific research, but he did not receive much encouragement
from his parents; in fact, they forbade all mathematical studies to a boy who was one day to be
considered one of the foremost mathematicians of his age, as being quite useless to his position
as heir to a peerage. Nevertheless, Charles managed to cram his beloved figures secretly during
his studies in Geneva while his parents thought he was engaged in literary pursuits.
'When he returned to England from Switzerland he had absorbed enought of Genevan puritanism
to be shocked and disgusted at the "goings-on" in fashionable London, where princes of the
blood trifled with chambermaids, peers were found drunk in the gutters of Piccadilly, and more
than one of the country's most influential statesmen lost fortunes at the gaming tables.
'He at once attracted attention by refusing to wear powder or wig, and by "sleeping with no
nightcap and the window open" in that stuffy age when fresh air by night was counted
unhealthy.
'Stanhope began his similarly independent career as a statesman as representative of High
Wycombe, a post he held until his accession to the peerage in 1786 and his elevation to the
Lords. From the moment he entered parliament, he was engaged in the most hectic series of
political battles the House of Commons had seen staged in many a year. One of the firm friends
of his youth was William Pitt, later Prime Minister, to whose star Stanhope at first hitched his
wagon. Pitt was at that time an ardent reformer, and the friendship endured until 1789, when
events made bitter enemies of the two. Meanwhile, in 1774, Stanhope had married Lady Hester
Pitt, William Pitt's sister. Though he was fond of his wife, his main passion was already scientific
research. The first year of the marriage was barren of issue - possibly because Stanhope was
then engrossed in perfecting his fire-proofing invention. That done, however, he found more time
for domestic matters; and towards the end of the second year, the more famous of his two
daughters was born, the future Lady Hester Stanhope. The marriage was also blessed by the
issue of a second daughter, the future Lady Lucy Rachel Stanhope, and four sons.
'Coincident with the birth of his daughters he invented two remarkable calculating machines. The
first, by means of cleverly constructed cogs and dial-plates, movable with a steel pin, performed
formidable sums of addition and subtraction with speed and accuracy. The second solved
division and multiplication problems.
'His scientific interests and attainments brought Stanhope into contact with the American
statesman-scientist Benjamin Franklin, who at that time was in England as ambassador for the
newly-established republic of the United States. From him, Stanhope absorbed ultra-democratic
principles that were later to make him an outcast among his fellow aristocrats, as "a
revolutionary socialist pariah." With typical enthusiasm and fearlessness of consequences, he
began to voice his democratic beliefs in parliament, and soon established a reputation as a man
"of great verbal violence." In debates he was in the habit of wildly waving his arms, upsetting
inkwells and generally turning even a mild discussion into bedlam.
'In 1787 Stanhope joined an association in Parliament to work for the abolition of the slave
trade. He had a number of savage encounters with the chief enemy of the abolitionists, Lord
Thurlow, in which both sides used language that rocked even the fairly shock-proof Georgian
Parliament.
'After the question of slavery had been postponed because of war, Stanhope launched into the
struggle for freedom of religious worship for Roman Catholics in Britain. While he was blasting
the opposition with fierce debates on the subject, the bombshell of the French Revolution
exploded. Stanhope, Pitt and Fox hailed the "rising of the masses in Paris" as the dawn of a new
era, but Pitt and Fox later became opponents of the Revolution. Stanhope clung to his
admiration of "Libery, Equality, Fraternity" for the rest of his life, and so became a "minority of
one" among his fellow peers and parliamentarians.
'He formed a society, "Friends of the French Revolution," of which he was chairman, and
engaged in cordial correspondence with various members of the National Assembly in Paris. In a
series of letters he advised the new French government to establish a system of banking he had
worked out to "abolish inequality of wealth once and for all." He also advised the rigis separation
of Church and State in the new France, and recommended that no mercy should be shown to
"counter-revolutionary aristocratic movements" - all of which was scarcely calculated to make
him a popular figure in England, where despotism ruled in quaking fear of the Revolution's
spreading. But, unmoved by anything but the dictates of his own conscience, Stanhope refused
to be intimidated by public criticism. With much "verbal violence" and wild waving of arms, he
vigorously argued and voted "as a minority of one" against Britain's interference in France's
affairs, and against the Tories' endeavours to plunge the nation into war against the
revolutionaries.
'When the execution of King Louis and Queen Marie Antoinette swung public opinion on the side
of the Tories and England joined Austria in war against France, he continued to exhort the
nation against it. His was the only vote in the House opposing "interference in French internal
affairs," and he was much abused at the time because of it. Later, a medal was struck in his
honour, inscribed to "The Majority of One."
'By now, the revolutionary Earl had become centre of a fierce controversy raging all over
England. The Tory Party flooded the country with bitter caricatures of his lean and awkward
figure, and his very appearance in parliament was signalled by a barrage of hisses, catcalls, and
shouts of "Jacobine." The public in whose interests he fought had also turned against him.
Abroad he was hailes as a courageous champion of liberty, but at home he was depicted in
cartoons as a traitor assisting a French army of invasion.
'With redoubled zeal, the Earl returned to scientific pursuits and experimental mechanics. He
began to dabble with the idea of steam as a means of naval propulsion, and long before Fulton
designed his first steam-powered boat, constructed a series of steam-driven models using
various forms of paddles.
'He also invented the first hand-operated printing machine entirely made of iron. Known as the
Stanhope Press, it proved a considerable aid to the printing industry and long remained in use.
Realising "what a material thing it is to prevents nuts from unscrewing," he invented the
ingenious little contrivance used to this day in almost every form of machinery, the split pin.
'His attempts to develop steam navigation were frustrated by the conservatism of the Admiralty
Board. Turning to the study of waterways, Stanhope drew up plans and surveyed the course for
a ship-carrying canal across Devonshire. Apathy greeted this idea, too, though, later, it was
proved to be eminently sound.
'While engaged on these inventions and in scientific researches that produced a lens bearing his
name an a monochord for tuning musical instruments, he tried his hand at authorshup, penning
"Reflections on the French Revolution" [1790] and an "Essay on the Rights of Juries" [1792],
that enhanced his reputation as a liberal-minded free-thinker.
'He had a brief moment of triumph upon the abolition of slavery in 1804, but the rest of his
second political period, which lasted until 1811, was spent in hectic but fruitless debates on
corn-law reform and broader religious liberties that had their fruition after his death.
'Frustrated in politics, Stanhope vented his spleen on his family, with the result that his home
life at Chevening Manor became unbearable.
His first wife had died in 1780 [aged only 24], and
a year later he married Louisa Grenville, daughter and heiress of Lord Grenville. He soon found he
had nothing in common with his second wife, a conservative and rather petty woman who was
completely baffled by the "revolutionary" activities of her husband. He had never felt ant deep
affection for his children, and as his unpopular political ideals divested him of friends, he came
to depend less and less on human sympathy, and his character became hard and unyielding.
'Lucy, his youngest daughter, led the way by falling in love with [Thomas] Taylor, the family
doctor. Stanhope's democratic principles did not cover a case like that, and when Lucy married
the medico against his wishes Stanhope ceased to regard her as his daughter. Another daughter,
Griselda, left home suddenly and later married an obscure army officer. Stanhope's eldest son,
[Viscount] Mahon, was guarded like a prisoner and treated in such a manner that he was finally
forced to flee with the aid of his elder sister, Hester. After that, Stanhope's behaviour towards
his other sons grew outrageous and flogging was an almost daily occurrence.
'In 1808, Stanhope's son Mahon charged his father with felling and selling timber rightfully
belonging to himself. The court gave a decision in Mahon's favour. It was the bittersest
humiliation in Stanhope's life. Stricken with dropsy and depending solely on his wife for company,
Stanhope's last years were the unhappiest of an unhappy life. He died at Chevening in 1816, an
embittered terribly lonely old man, who, as one of his biographers puts it, "had just missed
greatness by an inch."
Henry Edward John Stanley, third Baron Stanley of Alderley and second
Baron Eddisbury
Stanley was the first Muslim peer, having converted to Islam in 1862. This conversion did
not however, prevent him restoring the Llanbadrig Church (Welsh for the "Church of St.
Patrick") on Anglesey.
Since alcohol is forbidden in Islam, he did, however, order the closure of all public houses
and inns in Nether Alderley.
Stanley "married" three times - in 1862, 1869 and 1874 - to the same woman, Fabia,
daughter of Santiago Federico San Roman, of Seville in Spain. The 1869 "marriage" was
performed in the St. George, Hanover Square Registry Office and the 1874 "marriage" at the
the Roman Catholic Church of St. Alban in Macclesfield. It was later discovered that Fabia
was identical with Serafina Fernandez y Funes of Alcandete, Jaen in Spain who had
previously married a Ramon Peres y Abril in 1851. He died in 1870. As a result, the
"marriages" of 1862 and 1869 were bigamous. As no children were born of these "marriages",
the succession of the titles upon his death did not become an issue.
At Stanley's funeral in 1903, as the coffin was being lowered into the grave, Stanley's
nephew removed his hat out of respect, whereupon Stanley's brother Algernon, who was a
Roman Catholic bishop, said "Not your hat, you fool, your boots!"
The claim that the second Earl of Landaff was the first Muslim peer, as stated by Dr. Yaqub
Zaki in a letter to Times Online in December 2007, appears to me to be highly doubtful.
The Stirling Peerage claim of 1834-1839
The following article, written by Dalrymple Belgrave, is taken from a series entitled "Romances
of High Life" published in the 'Manchester Times' in 1898:-
'History tells us that James I granted a charter to his favourite, Sir William Alexander - courtier,
poet, and Secretary of State for Scotland - giving him the whole of Nova Scotia, so that he
could found a colony, with the right of making knights baronet of Nova Scotia, in order to raise
money for colonisation. James afterwards, by another charter, granted him the whole of Canada,
and Charles I confirmed these charters. They were, indeed, stupendous gifts, bu it happened
that French claims to Canada and Nova Scotia, and French ability in the Stuart reigns to
enforce these claims, prevented their being of much effect. France always asserted her right
to Canada. In Nova Scotia Alexander attempted to found colonies, but they were failures, and
there was no successful colonisation there before 1667, when the French claims to the country
were allowed.
'In 1628 [actually 1630] Charles I created Alexander Viscount Stirling. Two years afterwards
[but actually in 1633] he created him Earl of Stirling and Viscount Canada, the peerage being
granted to him and his heirs male. The first Earl died in 1640, and then there were four more
Earls, his descendants. The fifth Earl died in 1739 and then the peerage became extinct or
dormant, as there were no more male descendants of the first Earl. It was not allowed to sleep
in peace. In 1760 an American Alexander - who afterwards fought against England in the War of
Independence, and became a general - claimed the peerage, as the male heir of the first Earl's
brother. He failed, however, to prove his claim. Early in this [the 19th] century there was a more
remarkable claim. The claimant was a Mr. Alexander Humphreys. He was born in 1784, the son of
a respectable and fairly affluent Birmingham merchant. His mother was the daughter of the Rev.
John Alexander, a Presbyterian minister at Stratford-on-Avon. The Humphreys, father and son.
were unfortunate enough to visit France in 1802, and to become victims to Napoleon's spite, as
on war breaking out again he made prisoners of all the English tourists. The imprisonment ruined
the family business, and in 1807 Mr. Humphreys the elder died in exile. The son's imprisonment,
which lasted until 1814, was probably made less irksome by the fact that he met with a
Neapolitan lady, Fortunata Barolloti, whom he married in 1812.
'This lady had a rather remarkable friend, a Madame Le Norman, who, under the sympathetic
surroundings of the First Empire, had made a reputation in the curious calling of a fortune-teller
who told fortunes by cutting the cards and other methods. She told the fortune of her friend's
husband, charging him one hundred francs for it. "He will encounter many toils and distresses,
but will arrive at great honours." The toils and distresses came soon enough on his return to his
native land, in the shape of an unsuccessful attempt to start a school, combined with the trade
of a wine merchant. A few years after his return he attempted to arrive at greater honours by
claiming the Earldom of Stirling. There seemed to be a difficulty in his way, for the original grant
was to the first Earl and his heirs male, while Mr. Alexander Humphreys, or Alexander, as he
then called himself, claimed through his mother. This difficulty, however, the claimant got over.
Near the end of the first Earl's life, he said two of his sons had died, and being afraid that he
would be left without sons he had resigned all his gifts to the Crown, and had received a new
charter or Novodamus from the King, granting them all again to him and to the heirs male of his
body, and to the eldest heir female of the last of his heirs male, and to her heir male. Where was
that charter? Well, the claimant said, it had been stolen from his grandmother by the American
claimant. It had been registered in the reguster of the Great Seal, but that part of the register
was missing; and as a matter of fact there were some missing pages in the register. The
claimant's evidence at first consisted of family papers. In 1723, his grandfather, the Rev. John,
who was the son of John Alexander, of Antrim - the son of another John, who was the fourth
son of the first Earl - made inquiries into the peerage. There was a letter to him from a Mr.
Gordon, whom he had employed to look into matters, and who read the Novodamus, which was
then, for some unexplained reason, in the possession of T. Conyers, Esq., of Castleclaigh,
Ireland, and he gave an account of the limitations of the grant, which was of the title and the
Nova Scotian and Canadian rights.
'The letter said that Mr. Conyers would give up the charter, and on the letter the Rev. John
had made a note that he had obtained the charter, and that the writer of the letter gave an
exact description of the limitations.
'On the strength of this evidence he took the title of the Earl of Stirling, but his enjoyment
of it was limited by pecumiary embarrassment, and he was unsuccessful in attempting to raise
money. In about 1824 he employed a Mr. Thomas Christopher Banks. A gentleman who had
written a book on dormant peerages, and had great faith in the possibilities of a peerage claim.
When he was in Ireland this gentleman made the first of a series of wonderful finds which were
characteristic of the story. Someone sent to his hotel at Carlow a packet which contained an
ancient document, which turned out to be an excerpt or copy of the deed of Novodamus. It
was initialled by Mr. Conyers, who endorsed upon it that the original document was in his
keeping. Encouraged by this, the claimant began to prosecute his claim vigorously.